Pharmacology /Nursing Neurological Medications for Seizure Disorders Flashcards
What is the primary action of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs)?
To stabilize electrical activity in the brain and prevent seizures.
True or False: All seizure medications can cause sedation.
True.
Fill in the blank: The first-line medication for generalized tonic-clonic seizures is _______.
Valproate.
What are common adverse effects of phenytoin?
Gingival hyperplasia, ataxia, and rash.
Which medication is known for causing liver toxicity?
Valproate.
What nursing implication is essential when administering lamotrigine?
Monitor for skin rashes due to the risk of Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following medications is NOT an antiepileptic drug? A) Carbamazepine B) Gabapentin C) Metformin D) Levetiracetam
C) Metformin.
What should a nurse assess before starting a patient on carbamazepine?
Complete blood count (CBC) to check for leukopenia.
True or False: Patients on seizure medications do not need regular follow-up appointments.
False.
What is the mechanism of action for benzodiazepines in seizure management?
They enhance the effect of GABA, a neurotransmitter that inhibits neuronal activity.
What is a major risk associated with abrupt discontinuation of seizure medications?
Increased risk of seizure recurrence.
Fill in the blank: The therapeutic range for phenytoin is _______.
10-20 mcg/mL.
What is a common side effect of topiramate?
Cognitive impairment or ‘brain fog’.
Which antiepileptic drug is often used for neuropathic pain in addition to seizures?
Gabapentin.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a side effect of valproate? A) Weight loss B) Weight gain C) Hair loss D) Both B and C
D) Both B and C.
What should be monitored in patients taking ethosuximide?
For signs of blood dyscrasias and gastrointestinal disturbances.
True or False: All antiepileptic medications have the same mechanism of action.
False.
What is the primary nursing intervention for a patient experiencing a seizure?
Ensure the patient’s safety by protecting them from injury.
Fill in the blank: _______ is a common side effect of lamotrigine.
Rash.
What lifestyle change should patients on antiepileptic drugs consider?
Avoiding alcohol and recreational drugs.
Which medication requires monitoring for suicidal thoughts or behaviors?
Topiramate.
What is the first-line treatment for status epilepticus?
Benzodiazepines such as lorazepam or diazepam.
Fill in the blank: _______ is often used as an adjunct therapy for partial seizures.
Lacosamide.
What is a critical nursing implication when administering new antiepileptic medication?
Educate the patient about potential side effects and the importance of adherence.
Multiple Choice: Which medication is contraindicated in pregnancy? A) Lamotrigine B) Valproate C) Gabapentin D) Levetiracetam
B) Valproate.
