Pharmacology /Nursing Resp Flashcards
effects of bronchodilators and other respiratory drugs
What are bronchodilators primarily used for?
Bronchodilators are primarily used to relieve bronchospasm in conditions like asthma and COPD.
True or False: Bronchodilators can only be administered via inhalation.
False: Bronchodilators can be administered via inhalation, oral, or intravenous routes.
Fill in the blank: The two main types of bronchodilators are ______ and ______.
beta-agonists and anticholinergics.
What is the mechanism of action of beta-agonist bronchodilators?
Beta-agonists work by stimulating beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the airway smooth muscle, leading to relaxation and dilation of the airways.
Name a common short-acting beta-agonist (SABA).
Albuterol.
What is the primary effect of anticholinergic bronchodilators?
Anticholinergic bronchodilators primarily block the action of acetylcholine on muscarinic receptors, leading to bronchodilation.
True or False: Long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) are typically used for quick relief of asthma symptoms.
False: LABAs are used for long-term control, not for quick relief.
What is a potential side effect of using beta-agonist bronchodilators?
Potential side effects include tachycardia, tremors, and hypokalemia.
Which class of respiratory drugs is often used in combination with corticosteroids for asthma management?
Long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs).
Fill in the blank: Theophylline is a ______ that has bronchodilator effects.
methylxanthine.
What is the role of corticosteroids in respiratory therapy?
Corticosteroids reduce inflammation in the airways, improving breathing and reducing exacerbations.
True or False: Inhaled corticosteroids have a rapid onset of action.
False: Inhaled corticosteroids have a slower onset and are used for long-term control.
What are leukotriene receptor antagonists used for?
Leukotriene receptor antagonists are used to manage asthma and allergic rhinitis by blocking the action of leukotrienes.
Name one leukotriene receptor antagonist.
Montelukast.
What is the primary use of mucolytics in respiratory therapy?
Mucolytics are used to thin and loosen mucus in the airways, making it easier to cough up.
Fill in the blank: ______ is a common mucolytic used in respiratory conditions.
Acetylcysteine.
What is the effect of nebulized bronchodilators?
Nebulized bronchodilators deliver medication directly to the lungs, resulting in rapid bronchodilation.
True or False: Combination inhalers often include both a bronchodilator and a corticosteroid.
True.
What is the significance of peak flow monitoring in asthma management?
Peak flow monitoring helps assess asthma control and can indicate when to adjust treatment.
Fill in the blank: The use of ______ can lead to paradoxical bronchospasm.
beta-agonists.
What is the role of oxygen therapy in respiratory care?
Oxygen therapy is used to increase oxygen levels in patients with hypoxemia.
What is a common side effect of anticholinergic medications?
Common side effects include dry mouth and urinary retention.
True or False: Respiratory drugs can interact with other medications.
True: Respiratory drugs can have interactions that may affect their efficacy and safety.
What does the term ‘rescue inhaler’ refer to?
A rescue inhaler is a quick-relief inhaler used to treat acute asthma symptoms.
What is the primary difference between SABA and LABA?
SABAs are short-acting, providing quick relief, while LABAs are long-acting for maintenance therapy.
