Pharmacology (Mycin, CCB,... Flashcards
What are aminoglycosides used for?
What do they end in?
Only Used for Mean ol Infections
“A MEN OLD MICIN”
Tx. serious, life-threatening, Resistance, Gram-, Infections
-mycin (end in) ex. vancomycin
What is the ending of aminoglycosides?
What are side effects of them?
-Mycin
SE: Ototoxicity, Nephrotoxicity, Toxic to cranial nerve #8
What are the side Effects of Aminoglycosides?
-Think of the sayings
-Mycin= Mice
*Mice have big ears, so it effects the EARs
–> OTOTOXCICITY= tinnitus, balance issues, and hearing
*The Human EAR shape of the Kidney
–>NEPHROTOXICITY= Creatine & 24-hr creatine clearance
*Draw an 8 in the ear (it fits so this med effects)
–> TOXIC TO CRANIAL NERVE #8 & IS GIVEN EVERY 8hr.
All meds ending in Mycin are Aminoglycosides except those that have what in them?
-Thro –>All have (-thro) in them, so “throw” it off your list
Ex. erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin
–these treat small infections ex. ear infection
What route is Aminoglycosides given through?
What situations are is the route given in?
-Mycin
Given IM or IV for infections
-Can be given PO ONLY for:
**HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY & PRE-OP BOWEL SURGERY (sterilizes the bowel)
What specific Aminoglycosides are given PO?
NEO KAN
Neomycin & Kanamycin
Are given for Hepatic Encephalopathy to decrease Ammonia levels & Pre-op bowel sterilization for bowel surgery
Tap and Peak Levels (done with Aminoglycosides, etc..)
-When to you draw the Trough and the Peak in SL & IV?
Trough draw 30 min. before administration on all drugs
SL: draw the peak 5-10 min after administration
IV: Draw 15-30 min. after medication is finished (once bag is empty)
Tap and Peak Levels (done with Aminoglycosides, etc..)
-When to you draw the Trough and the Peak in IM?
Trough draw 30 min. before administration on all drugs
IM: Draw the peak 30-60 min after administration
What do Calcium Channel Blockers do?
Relax and slow down the heart
(decrease strength of heart beat, slow down HR, slow/blacks heart conductivity)
negative inotropes, chromatropes, & dromotropes
What are the therapeutic effects of Calcium Channel Blockers?
A, AA, AAA
*Antihypertensive–> relaxes blood vessles
*AntiAnginal–> relaxes heart muscles, Reduces OXYGEN demand
*AntiArtrial Arrythmia–> does NOT tx. ventricular arrythmias (Tx. all Atrial & SVT probs)
What are 3 side effects of Calcium Channel Blockers?
(CCB relaxes the heart) H-H
*Headache
*Hypotension
*Bradycardia
What do CCB names end in?
What are two other drug names are CCB that do not follow this rule?
-dipine all CCB names end in this
*Verapamil
* Cardizem/Diltiazem
What vital sign do you check before giving a CCB?
What does the vital sign need to be at to give the CCB?
BP must be taken before giving CCB
* BP must have a SBP <100
–If not greater then 100 Must HOLD and Notify HCP
How do you draw up Regular insulin and NPH insulin (what order)
Clear to cloudy
Think RN
Regular then NPH drawn up syringe
Injections when choosing size
Look at the abreviation
IM= 21 gauge & 1”
SUBQ=25 & 5/8
What is the Antidote for Heparin
Protamine Sulfate
-HeParin=Protamine Sulfate
-do not give heparin longer then 3 weeks (except lovenox)
What lab test do you look at for Heparin
PTT
-Heparin has 7 letters the 3 letters left on your hand means PTT
-Can be given to pregnant women
How long does Coumadin takes to become effective
few days to weeks
-PO only
-Can be taken for rest of life
What is Coumadin’s Antidote
Vit. K
C oumadin=Vit. K
C sounds like K sound
-Do not give while pregnant
What is coumadin used for
Not a blood thinner
Prevents Clots
What is the Lab test for Coumadin
PT (INR)
Coumadin 8 letter 2 fingers left PT
Potassium wasting diuretics end in what
X…. X out K
-& diuril
Potassium sparing diuretics end in
Anything other letter then (x)
