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Phar Review & Comprehensive Examination > Pharmacology l & ll > Flashcards

Pharmacology l & ll Flashcards

1
Q

1st gen antihistamines derived from piperazine and used in motion sickness

a) Hydroxyzine
b) Cyclizine
c) Meclizine

A

a) Hydroxyzine

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2
Q

1st gen antihistamines derived from Ethanolamine and used in Parkinson’s disease & is a sedative hypnotic

a. Carbinoxamine
b. Dimenhydrinate
c. Diphenhydramine

A

c. Diphenhydramine

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3
Q

antihistamines that is commonly used as a component in cold medications?

A

Brompheniramine, Chlorpheniramine

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4
Q

a 1st gen antihistamine that is added w/ other antipsychotic agent to prevent delayed hypersensitivity reactions

Brompheniramine
Chlorpheniramine
Promethazine (Phenergan®)
Cyproheptadine (Periactin®)

A

Promethazine (Phenergan®)

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5
Q

1st gen antihistamines used in carcinoid syndrome

Brompheniramine
Chlorpheniramine
Promethazine (Phenergan®)
Cyproheptadine (Periactin®)

A

Cyproheptadine (Periactin®)

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6
Q

a 2nd gen antihistamine H1 blocker used in IgE immediate allergies

Cyclizine
Meclizine
Acrivastine
Cetirizine

A

Cetirizine

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7
Q

5-HT1A Serotonin Agonists used as Sedative-hypnotic; anxiolytic

Buspirone
Sumatriptan
Lorcaserin
Ondansetron

A

Buspirone

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8
Q

5-HT2C Serotonin Agonists used as Tx for obesity

Buspirone
Sumatriptan
Lorcaserin
Ondansetron

A

Lorcaserin

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9
Q

5-HT2A Serotonin Agonists used as Tocolytic (slow/stop uterus contractions during pregnancy)

Phenoxybenzamine
Cyproheptadine
Methysergide
Ondansetron

A

Methysergide

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10
Q

5-HT3 Serotonin Agonists used as Antiemetic for chemotherapy-induced N&V

A

Ondansetron, Tropisetron, Dolasetron, Ramosetron, Granisefron

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11
Q

5-HT1B/1D Serotonin Agonists used in specific migraine?

A

Sumatriptan, Almotriptan, Eletriptan, Frovatriptan

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12
Q

5-HT4 Serotonin Agonists used in Constipation dominant irritable bowel syndrome

A

Tegaserod, Cisapride, Mosopride

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13
Q

5-HT2 Serotonin Agonists used in Carcinoid syndrome

A

Phenoxybenzamine, Cyproheptadine

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14
Q

PGF2𝛂 used in glaucoma

Latanoprost
Travoprost
Bimatoprost

A

Bimatoprost

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15
Q

PGE2 used to Stop bleeding after pregnancy, can terminate pregnancy

Dinoprostone
Epoprostenol
Iloprost
Beraprost

A

Dinoprostone

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16
Q

PGI2 used to Tx Pulmonary arterial hypertension

Dinoprostone
Epoprostenol
Iloprost
Beraprost

A

Epoprostenol

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17
Q

PGE1 that is a vasodilator

Alprostadil
Bimatoprost
Dinoprostone
Misoprostol
Epoprostenol

A

Alprostadil

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18
Q

PGE1 that is used to prevent ulcers, often abuse as induction agent in 2nd trimester; abortive

Alprostadil
Bimatoprost
Dinoprostone
Misoprostol
Epoprostenol

A

Misoprostol

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19
Q

Direct-Acting Parasympathomimetics used to diagnose asthma

Methacholine
Carbachol
Pilocarpine
Bethanechol

A

Methacholine

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20
Q

Direct-Acting Parasympathomimetics used for glaucoma

Methacholine
Carbachol
Pilocarpine
Bethanechol

A

Carbachol
Pilocarpine

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21
Q

Direct-Acting Parasympathomimetics used for urinary retention & obstructive paralytic ileus

Methacholine
Carbachol
Pilocarpine
Bethanechol

A

Bethanechol

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22
Q

Indirect-Acting Parasympathomimetics; 1st line Tx for Atropine toxicity & anticholinergic poisoning

Pyridostigmine
Rivastigmine
Ambenonium
Demecarium
Neostigmine

A

Neostigmine

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23
Q

Indirect-Acting Parasympathomimetics used in Alzheimer’s disease 👴🧓

Pyridostigmine
Rivastigmine
Ambenonium
Demecarium
Neostigmine

A

Rivastigmine

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24
Q

Indirect-Acting Parasympathomimetics for MG that is refractory to Neostigmine & Pyridostigmine

Pyridostigmine
Rivastigmine
Ambenonium
Demecarium
Neostigmine

A

Ambenonium

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25
Q

widely used anticholinesterase for MG 🦴🦴

Pyridostigmine
Rivastigmine
Ambenonium
Demecarium
Neostigmine

A

Pyridostigmine

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26
Q

Indirect-Acting Parasympathomimetics for Glaucoma 👁️👁️

Pyridostigmine
Rivastigmine
Ambenonium
Demecarium
Neostigmine

A

Demecarium

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27
Q

Indirect-Acting Parasympathomimetics used to Dx Myasthenia Gravis (MG) 🦴🦴

Ambenonium
Demecarium
Edrophonium

A

Edrophonium

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28
Q

4 insecticides used in biological warfare

A

Isoflurophate
Echothiophate
Malathion
Parathion

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29
Q

AChE regenerators used in sarin poisoning together with atropine

A

Pralidoxime (PAM) Diacetylmonoxime (DAM)

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30
Q

Parasympatholytic agent used to Mgtx of cholinergic poisoning & symptomatic heart block/bradycardia

Ipratropium (Atrovent®),
Atropine
Tiotropium (Spiriva®)
Scopolamine/Hyoscine

A

Atropine

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31
Q

Bronchodilators

Hydrobromide salt
Methyl Bromide salt Scopolamine/Hyoscine
Ipratropium (Atrovent®), Salbutamol, Tiotropium (Spiriva®)

A

Ipratropium (Atrovent®), Salbutamol, Tiotropium (Spiriva®)

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32
Q

Anti Motion sickness

Hydrobromide salt
Methyl Bromide salt
Scopolamine/Hyoscine
Ipratropium (Atrovent®), Salbutamol, Tiotropium (Spiriva®)

A

Scopolamine/Hyoscine

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33
Q

Antispasmodic for GIT

Hydrobromide salt
Methyl Bromide salt
Scopolamine/Hyoscine
Ipratropium (Atrovent®), Salbutamol, Tiotropium (Spiriva®)

A

Methyl Bromide salt

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34
Q

Mydriatic-cycloplegic

Hydrobromide salt
Methyl Bromide salt
Scopolamine/Hyoscine
Ipratropium (Atrovent®), Salbutamol, Tiotropium (Spiriva®)

A

Hydrobromide salt

35
Q

antimuscarinic agent used in local muscle spasms

A

Orphenadrine (+Paracetamol) Norgesic®

36
Q

Tx/Mgx for Parasympatholytic Toxicity specifically in seizures

37
Q

Tx/Mgx for Parasympatholytic Toxicity in Severe cases

A

Physostigmine

38
Q

Hexamethonium, Mecamylamine, Trimethaphan is an example of

ANTI-NICOTINICS/GANGLIONIC Blockers
NEUROMUSCULAR Blockers
Non-depolarizing Neuromuscular blockers

A

ANTI-NICOTINICS/GANGLIONIC Blockers

39
Q

Succinylcholine, Decamethonium is an example of

ANTI-NICOTINICS/GANGLIONIC Blockers
NEUROMUSCULAR Blockers
Non-depolarizing Neuromuscular blockers

A

NEUROMUSCULAR Blockers

40
Q

Tubocurarine, Pancuronium is an example of

ANTI-NICOTINICS/GANGLIONIC Blockers
NEUROMUSCULAR Blockers
Non-depolarizing Neuromuscular blockers

A

Non-depolarizing Neuromuscular blockers

41
Q

severe epilepsy with mental retardation of unknown cause & is refractory to some agents

A

Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome

42
Q

most common generalized epileptic syndrome characterized by myoclonic, tonic-clonic & absence seizures.

A

Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

43
Q

common in children (3 to 16 y.o.), alterations of consciousness for 10-30 sec, starting with occasional blinking & loss of postural tone.

A

Absence (Petit Mal)

44
Q

there’s abnormal movements that usually occur on the face & limbs.

45
Q

muscle Jerking, salivation, tachycardia, incontinence.

46
Q

patient fall to the ground, muscle rigidity

47
Q

series of grand mal seizures with no recovery of consciousness in between episodes

A

Status Epilepticus

48
Q

sudden loss of postural tone

49
Q

with high fever causing seizures & convulsions, common in children (3 mos. to 5 yrs old)

A

Febrile Seizures

50
Q

1st line agent for Partial seizures w/ GTC

A

CBZ & Phenytoin; Lamotrigine, Topiramate

51
Q

DOC for Absence (Petit Mal) seizures

A

Ethosuximide; Clonazepam, Topiramate

52
Q

Initial Management for Status Epilepticus

Lorazepam
Diazepam
Phenobarbital

53
Q

DOC for Status Epilepticus in adults

Lorazepam
Diazepam
Phenobarbital

54
Q

DOC for Status Epilepticus in children

Lorazepam
Diazepam
Phenobarbital

A

Phenobarbital

55
Q

anti seizure drug that blocks Na+ & T-TYPE Ca+ channels. S/E: hepatotoxic, false (+) urine ketone tests

VPA (Depakene®)
Carbamazepine/CBZ (Tegretol®)
Phenytoin (Dilantin®)

A

VPA (Depakene®)

56
Q

anti seizure drugs that blocks Na+ channels; also used for bipolar disorders

VPA (Depakene®)
Carbamazepine/CBZ (Tegretol®)
Phenytoin (Dilantin®)

A

Carbamazepine/CBZ (Tegretol®)

57
Q

anti seizure drugs that blocks Na* Channels; highly protein bound and a potent enzyme inducer.

VPA (Depakene®)
Carbamazepine/CBZ (Tegretol®)
Phenytoin (Dilantin®)

A

Phenytoin (Dilantin®)

58
Q

inhalational anesthetic DOC in Tx malignant hyperthermia & neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Halothane
Dantrolene
Methoxyflurane
Enflurane
Isoflurane
Sevoflurane

A

Dantrolene

59
Q

inhalational anesthetic used in pediatric population because of its pleasant odor & lack of hepatotoxicity

Halothane
Dantrolene
Methoxyflurane
Enflurane
Isoflurane
Sevoflurane

60
Q

Most potent, most toxic; Inhalational anesthetic of choice for labor

Halothane
Dantrolene
Methoxyflurane
Enflurane
Isoflurane
Sevoflurane

A

Methoxyflurane

61
Q

old anesthetic of choice for asthmatic patients

Halothane
Dantrolene
Methoxyflurane
Enflurane
Isoflurane
Sevoflurane

62
Q

new anesthetic of choice for asthmatic patients

Halothane
Dantrolene
Methoxyflurane
Enflurane
Isoflurane
Sevoflurane

A

Sevoflurane

63
Q

Inhalational anesthetic preferred in neurosurgery

Halothane
Dantrolene
Methoxyflurane
Enflurane
Isoflurane
Sevoflurane

A

Isoflurane

64
Q

ULTRA-SHORT ACTING BARBITURATES

Thiopental
Propofol
Cocaine
Kitamine

A

Thiopental

65
Q

commonly used & most popular IV anesthetic; DOC for inducing anesthesia in ambulatory surgery

Thiopental
Propofol
Cocaine
Kitamine

66
Q

1st local anesthetic discovered

Thiopental
Propofol
Cocaine
Kitamine

67
Q

Dopamine-2 antagonists that causes retinal & corneal deposits

Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®)
Promethazine, Promazine, Triflupromazine
Thioridazine (Mellaril), Piperacetazine
Fluphenazine, Prochlorperazine

A

Thioridazine (Mellaril), Piperacetazine

68
Q

Dopamine-2 antagonists that causes strong sedation

Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®)
Promethazine, Promazine, Triflupromazine
Thioridazine (Mellaril), Piperacetazine
Fluphenazine, Prochlorperazine

A

Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®)

69
Q

most potent Dopamine-2 antagonists

Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®)
Promethazine, Promazine, Triflupromazine
Thioridazine (Mellaril), Piperacetazine
Fluphenazine, Prochlorperazine, Trifluoperazine, Thiethylperazine, Perphenazine

A

Thioridazine (Mellaril), Piperacetazine
Fluphenazine, Prochlorperazine, Trifluoperazine, Thiethylperazine, Perphenazine

70
Q

Fatal agranulocytosis:

71
Q

weight gain:

A

Clozapine & Olanzapine

72
Q

DOC for Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome:

A

Bromocriptine; Dantrolene

73
Q

1st line treatment of major depression

TCA’s
MAOIs
SSRIs
Li Salts

A

SSRIs
Fuoxetine (Prozac), Fluvoxamine, Sertraline (Zoloft”), Paroxetine, Citalopram, Escitalopram, Vilazodone

74
Q

DOC and is the only agent that improves TRAP in Parkinson’s disease

A

Levodopa + Carbidopa

75
Q

Guaifenesin (Robitussin®)

Expectorants
Mucolytics
Antitussives

A

Expectorants

76
Q

Butamirate citrate, Dextromethorphan

Expectorants
Mucolytics
Antitussives

A

Antitussives

77
Q

Bromhexine, Carbocisteine, Ambroxol

Expectorants
Mucolytics
Antitussives

A

Mucolytics

78
Q

Cefazolin, Cephalexin, Cephapirin, Cephalothin, Cephradine

79
Q

Cefuroxime, Cefaclor, Cefprozil, Cefamandole, Ceforanide, Cefonicid

A

2nd Generation Cephalosporins

80
Q

Ceftriaxone, Cefixime, Cefoperazone, Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime

A

3rd Generation Cephalosporins

81
Q

Cefepime, Cefpirome

A

4th Generation Cephalosporins

82
Q

Ceftaroline, Ceftolozane

A

5th Generation Cephalosporins

83
Q

DOC for Leptospirosis.

A

Doxycycline

84
Q

used in Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)

A

Demeclocycline

Phar Review & Comprehensive Examination (17 decks)

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