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Phar Review & Comprehensive Examination > DDS > Flashcards

DDS Flashcards

1
Q

A mixture of finely divided drugs or chemical in dry form; may be used internally or externally

A

Powder

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2
Q

8 sieve

A

Very coarse

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3
Q

20 sieve

A

Coarse

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4
Q

40 sieve

A

mod. Coarse

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5
Q

60 sieve

A

Fine

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6
Q

80 sieve

A

Very fine

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7
Q

The process of reducing the particle size of a solid substance to a finer state of subdivision.

A

Comminution

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8
Q

Substance is reduced to small particles by rubbing it in a mortar and pestle.

Trituration
Levigation
Pulverization by Intervention

A

Trituration

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9
Q

Substances are reduced and subdivided with an addition of material (ex. Solvent) that is easily removed after pulverization.

Trituration
Levigation
Pulverization by Intervention

A

Pulverization by Intervention

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10
Q

The particle size of the substance is reduced by adding a suitable nonsolvent to form a paste.

Trituration
Levigation
Pulverization by Intervention

A

Levigation

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11
Q

Common levigating agent

A

Mineral Oil

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12
Q

spatula is used to blend small amounts of powders on a sheet of paper or a pill tile.

Geometric dilution
Trituration
Tumbling
Spatulation
Sifting

A

Spatulation

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13
Q

mortar and pestle is used to reduce substance to small particles

Geometric dilution
Trituration
Tumbling
Spatulation
Sifting

A

Trituration

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14
Q

used when potent substances must be mixed with a large amount of diluent.

Geometric dilution
Trituration
Tumbling
Spatulation
Sifting

A

Geometric dilution

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15
Q

powders are mixed by passing them through sifters similar to those used to sift flour.

Geometric dilution
Trituration
Tumbling
Spatulation
Sifting

A

Sifting

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16
Q

the process of mixing powders in a large container rotated by a motorized process

Geometric dilution
Trituration
Tumbling
Spatulation
Sifting

A

Tumbling

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17
Q

Intended to be administered in dosage quantities that are
safe for the patient to measure.
Should pass through a 100-mesh sieve.
Dusting powders, aerosols, dentifrices, antacids, laxatives,
dietary nutrient supplements, douches

Bulk Powders
Divided Powders
Dusting Powders

A

Bulk Powders

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18
Q

Must be homogenous, free from potential of causing local
irritation.
Should flow easily, spread uniformly, and cling to the skin
upon application.
Generally dispensed in sifter-top containers

Bulk Powders
Divided Powders
Dusting Powders

A

Dusting Powders

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19
Q

(chartula, charts, powder papers, powders).
Single doses of the powdered drug mixture individually
enclosed in paper, cellophane, or metallic foil wrappers or
packets.
Sufficiently potent to require premeasured doses.

Bulk Powders
Divided Powders
Dusting Powders

A

Divided Powders

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20
Q

moisture resistant

Vegetable parchment
White bond
Glassine
Waxed

A

Vegetable parchment

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21
Q

moisture resistant properties

Vegetable parchment
White bond
Glassine
Waxed

A

White bond

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22
Q

moisture resistant

Vegetable parchment
White bond
Glassine
Waxed

A

Glassine

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23
Q

transparent waterproof paper (double wrap w/
white bond paper for protection from moisture)

Vegetable parchment
White bond
Glassine
Waxed

A

Waxed

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24
Q

Not intended for use with potent drugs because of
inherent error when a patient measures the dose with a teaspoon, scoop, etc.
Good for unstable drugs
Example: antibiotics for reconstitution

A

Granules

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25
Q

Contain mixtures of citric acid, tartaric acid, or sodium
biphosphate with a bicarbonate and a medicinal agent.

A

Effervescent Granules

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26
Q

Examples of Effervescent Granules:

A

Lactinex, Bassoran, Zantac

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27
Q

a method in preparing granules were one molecule of water present in each molecule of citric acid acts as the binding agent for the powder mixture.

Dry or Fusion Method
Wet Method

A

Dry or Fusion Method

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28
Q

a method in preparing granules were the water added to alcohol is the moistening agent, forming the pliable mass of granulation

Dry or Fusion Method
Wet Method

A

Wet Method

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29
Q

Solid dosage forms in which one or more medicinal or inert substances are enclosed within a small gelatin shell.

A

CAPSULES

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30
Q

used in most commercial medicated capsules. They are commonly employed in clinical drug trials to compare the effects of an investigational drug with those of another drug product or placebo.

Hard Gelatin Capsules
Soft Gelatin Capsules

A

Hard Gelatin Capsules

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31
Q

made of gelatin to which glycerin or a polyhydric alcohol such as sorbitol has been added.
They are used to encapsulate and hermetically seal liquids, suspensions, pasty materials, dry powders, and even formed tablets.

Hard Gelatin Capsules
Soft Gelatin Capsules

A

Soft Gelatin Capsules

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32
Q

smallest capsule size?

A

5

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33
Q

largest capsule size

A

000

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34
Q

How do automated and semi-automated capsule-filling equipment typically fill the capsule body with the formulation?

a) Gravity fill
b) Tamping
c) Screw-feed mechanism
d) All of the above

A

d) All of the above

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35
Q

Method that is commonly used to fill extemporaneously compounded capsules?

a) Gravity fill
b) Tamping
c) Screw-feed mechanism
d) Punch method

A

d) Punch method

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36
Q

Containers for Dispensing Capsules:

A

● Tight
● Well-closed
● Light-resistant

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37
Q

Most commonly used solid dosage form.

A

TABLETS

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38
Q

inert substances used to give a preparation a suitable form or consistency.

A

Excipients

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39
Q

Which physical features can compressed tablets have?

a) Round, oblong, or unique in shape
b) Thick or thin
c) Large or small in diameter
d) All of the above

A

d) All of the above

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40
Q

tablets that are prepared by subjecting the fill material to more than a single compression?

a) Multiple Compressed Tablets
b) Compressed tablets
c) Sugarcoated tablets
d) Film-coated tablets

A

a) Multiple Compressed Tablets

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41
Q

type of tablet coating that is water-soluble and quickly dissolves after swallowing?

a) Sugarcoated tablets
b) Film-coated tablets
c) Gelatin-coated tablets
d) Enteric-coated tablets

A

a) Sugarcoated tablets

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42
Q

primary advantage of film-coated tablets over sugar-coated tablets?

a) Durability
b) Quick dissolution after swallowing
c) Less bulkiness
d) Time-saving application process

A

c) Less bulkiness

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43
Q

type of tablet has a gelatin coating, allowing it to be smaller than a capsule filled with an equivalent amount of powder?

a) Sugarcoated tablets
b) Film-coated tablets
c) Gelatin-coated tablets
d) Enteric-coated tablets

A

c) Gelatin-coated tablets

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44
Q

purpose of enteric-coated tablets?

a) To dissolve quickly after swallowing
b) To be tamper-evident
c) To bypass the stomach and release the drug in the intestines
d) To provide rapid drug effects

A

c) To bypass the stomach and release the drug in the intestines

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45
Q

type of tablets that are intended to be dissolved in the buccal pouch or beneath the tongue for absorption through the oral mucosa?

a) Sugarcoated tablets
b) Film-coated tablets
c) Buccal tablets
d) Sublingual tablets
e) c and d

A

e) c and d (Buccal and Sublingual Tablets)

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46
Q

compressed tablets coated with a thin layer of a polymer capable of forming a skin like film; it is more durable, less bulky, and less time-consuming to apply.

a) Sugarcoated tablets
b) Film-coated tablets
c) Gelatin-coated tablets
d) Enteric-coated tablets

A

b) Film-coated tablets

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47
Q

tablets that have delayed-release features. They are designed to pass unchanged through the stomach to the intestines, where the tablets disintegrate and allow drug dissolution and absorption and/or effect.

a) Sugarcoated tablets
b) Film-coated tablets
c) Gelatin-coated tablets
d) Enteric-coated tablets

A

d) Enteric-coated tablets

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48
Q

Tablets designed to erode slowly

A

Buccal tablets

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49
Q

Tablets designed to dissolve promptly and provide rapid drug effects.

A

Sublingual Tablets

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50
Q

general shape of lozenges or troches?

a) Round
b) Rectangular
c) Disc-shaped
d) Triangle

A

c) Disc-shaped

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51
Q

Lozenges or troches typically manufactured by?

a) By compaction
b) By compression or molding
c) By encapsulation
d) By lyophilization

A

b) By compression or molding

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52
Q

Type of tablet that has a smooth, rapid disintegration when chewed or dissolved in the mouth?

a) Chewable tablets
b) Effervescent tablets
c) Molded tablets
d) Tablet triturates

A

a) Chewable tablets

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53
Q

primary advantage of chewable tablets?

a) Smooth and rapid disintegration
b) Creamy base with flavored and colored mannitol
c) Easy administration to children and individuals with difficulty swallowing
d) Rapid dissolution and bubble action

A

c) Easy administration to children and individuals with difficulty swallowing

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54
Q

How are effervescent tablets prepared?

a) By compression or molding
b) By encapsulation
c) By compaction
d) By compressing granular effervescent salts

A

d) By compressing granular effervescent salts

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55
Q

How are effervescent tablets prepared?
a) By compression or molding
b) By encapsulation
c) By compaction
d) By compressing granular effervescent salts

A

d) By compressing granular effervescent salts

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56
Q

purpose of effervescent tablets?

a) Smooth and rapid disintegration
b) Creamy base with flavored and colored mannitol
c) Rapid dissolution and bubble action
d) Rapid release of highly potent drugs

A

c) Rapid dissolution and bubble action

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57
Q

type of tablets are used for rapid dissolution and are very soft and soluble?

a) Chewable tablets
b) Effervescent tablets
c) Molded tablets
d) Tablet triturates

A

c) Molded tablets

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58
Q

primary purpose of hypodermic tablets?

a) Smooth and rapid disintegration
b) Sublingual administration
c) Parenteral preparation of solutions
d) Dispensing accurate amounts of potent drugs

A

c) Parenteral preparation of solutions

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59
Q

purpose of dispensing tablets?

a) Smooth and rapid disintegration
b) Creamy base with flavored and colored mannitol
c) Rapid dissolution and bubble action
d) Rapidly obtaining premeasured amounts of highly potent drug substances

A

d) Rapidly obtaining premeasured amounts of highly potent drug substances

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60
Q

Designed to disintegrate and release their medication
with no special rate-controlling features, such as special
coatings and other techniques.

Immediate-Release Tablets
Extended-Release Tablets

A

Immediate-Release Tablets

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61
Q

Characterized by disintegrating or dissolving in the
mouth within 1 minute, some within 10 seconds (e.g.,
Claritin Reditabs [loratadine]).
Liquefy on the tongue, and the patient swallows the liquid.

A

Rapidly Disintegrating or Dissolving Tablets

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62
Q

Sometimes called controlled release.
Designed to release their medication in a
predetermined manner over an extended period.

Immediate-Release Tablets
Extended-Release Tablets

A

Extended-Release Tablets

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63
Q

a.k.a Vaginal inserts
● Generally compressed tablets for vaginal administration
● Treatment of vaginitis & vulvovaginitis candidiasis

Lollipops
Pills
Vaginal Tablets

A

Vaginal Tablets

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64
Q

a raspberry lollipop that is a sugar-based lozenge on a stick and contains fentanyl citrate.

A

Fentanyl Actiq (Cephalon)

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65
Q

first product specifically designed to aid in controlling breakthrough pain in cancer patients. Its effects last for only about 15 minutes, but that is usually long enough to relieve the breakthrough pain.

A

Actiq

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66
Q

small, round solid dosage forms containing a medicinal agent and intended to be administered orally

Lollipops
Pills
Vaginal Tablets

A

Pills

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67
Q

complete or partial separation of the top or bottom of the tablet from the main body.

A

Capping

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68
Q

separation of a tablet into 2 or more distinct layers

A

Lamination

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69
Q

disfiguration of the core tablet when subjected for too long to the coating solution

A

Tablet erosion

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70
Q

removal of materials from the surfaces of the tablet and adherence of the face of the punch.

A

Picking

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71
Q

formation of uneven or rough irregularities on the surface of a coating film applied on a core tablet surface

A

Peeling

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72
Q

where the surface of the applied film coating is extremely rough and nonglossy, often taking on the appearance of the skin of an orange

A

Orange peel effect

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73
Q

adhesion of the granulation to the die and/or the build up of materials on the punch faces.

A

Sticking

74
Q

unequal color distribution on surface

A

Mottling

75
Q

coating bridges formed across a logo or break line

A

Bridging

76
Q

Solid masses inserted into body cavities in which they will
melt at body temperature or dissolve into aqueous
secretions of body orifice.

A

Suppositories

77
Q

Bullet, torpedo

A

Rectal

78
Q

Globular, ovoid, cone

A

Vaginal

79
Q

Pencil- Like

A

Urethral

80
Q

Suppositories for Local & Systemic

A

Rectal

81
Q

Suppositories for Local only

A

Vaginal & Urethral

82
Q

Ovoid tablets inserted into the vagina using a plastic inserter; contains antimicrobial agents.

Vaginal Tablets/ Inserts
Implants/ Pellets

A

Vaginal Tablets/ Inserts

83
Q

Small, sterile cylinders or devices inserted under the skin
for prolonged and continuous absorption.

Vaginal Tablets/ Inserts
Implants/ Pellets

A

Implants/ Pellets

84
Q

Petrolatum, USP

A

Yellow Petrolatum or Petroleum Jelly (Vaseline)

85
Q

White Petrolatum, USP

A

Decolorized Petrolatum (White Vaseline)

86
Q

Yellow Ointment, USP

A

(Simple ointment)

87
Q

has an emollient effect protect against the escape of moisture as occlusive dressings immiscible with water (difficult to wash off)

Absorption Bases
Water-Soluble Base
Water-Removable Base
Oleaginous or Hydrocarbon Base

A

Oleaginous or Hydrocarbon Base

88
Q

used as emollients not easily removed from the skin

Absorption Bases
Water-Soluble Base
Water-Removable Base
Oleaginous or Hydrocarbon Base

A

Absorption Bases

89
Q

O/W emulsion commonly known as Creams.
easily washed off /water-washable base

Absorption Bases
Water-Soluble Base
Water-Removable Base
Oleaginous or Hydrocarbon Base

A

Water-Removable Base

90
Q

do not contain oleaginous base water-washable, greaseless
use for incorporation of solid substances

Absorption Bases
Water-Soluble Base
Water-Removable Base
Oleaginous or Hydrocarbon Base

A

Water-Soluble Base

91
Q

components are combined by melting and cooled with constant stirring until congealed.
heat-labile and volatile constituents added last.
conducted in porcelain dish or glass.
beaker (small scale)

Incorporation
Fusion

A

Fusion

92
Q

large steam jacketed kettles (large scale).
use low temperature in melting materials with high melting point

Incorporation
Fusion

A

Fusion

93
Q

Mortar and pestle
Pill tile and spatula
Ointment mill

Incorporation
Fusion

A

Incorporation

94
Q

Unguator
Incorporation of solids
Incorporation of liquid

Incorporation
Fusion

A

Incorporation

95
Q

semisolid preparations containing one or more medicinal
agents dissolved or dispersed in either a W/O emulsion
or O/W emulsion or in another type of water-washable
base.

Gels
Creams
Ointments

A

Creams

96
Q

Semisolid systems consisting of dispersions of small or
large molecules in an aqueous liquid vehicle rendered
jelly-like through the addition of a gelling agent

Gels
Creams
Ointments

A

Gels

97
Q

Semisolid preparations intended for external application
to the skin or mucous membranes that soften or melt at
body temperature.

Gels
Creams
Ointments

A

Ointments

98
Q

(carbomer 934) belongs to what type of Gelling agent?

cellulose derivatives
synthetic macromolecules
natural gums

A

synthetic macromolecules

99
Q

carboxymethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose belongs to what type of Gelling agent?

cellulose derivatives
synthetic macromolecules
natural gums

A

cellulose derivatives

100
Q

tragacanth belongs to what type of Gelling agent?

cellulose derivatives
synthetic macromolecules
natural gums

A

natural gums

101
Q

Gels in which the macromolecules are uniformly distributed throughout a liquid with no apparent boundaries between the dispersed macromolecules and the liquid

Single Phase
Two Phase

A

Single Phase

102
Q

When the gel mass consists of floccules of small distinct particles (magmas)

Single Phase
Two Phase

A

Two Phase

103
Q

Usually involve organics

Single Phase
Two Phase

A

Single Phase

104
Q

Usually involve inorganics

Single Phase
Two Phase

A

Two Phase

105
Q

alcohol or Propylene glycol in gels are?

A

Solvents

106
Q

methylparaben, propylparaben, chlorhexidine gluconate in gels are?

A

Antimicrobial preservative

107
Q

Edetate disodium in gels are?

A

Stabilizer

108
Q

When the interaction between particles of the dispersed phase becomes so great that on standing, the dispersing medium is squeezed out in droplets and the gel shrinks.

A

Syneresis

109
Q

The taking up of a certain amount of liquid without a measurable increase in volume

A

Imbibition

110
Q

A reversible gel-sol formation with no change in volume or temperature

A

Thixotropy

111
Q

The taking up of liquid by a gel with an increase in volume

A

Swelling

112
Q

Controlled release DDS or patches which allow the passage of drugs from the skin to the systemic circulation

A

TRANSDERMAL PREPARATION

113
Q

generally, contain a larger proportion of solid material
(such as 25%) than ointments and therefore are stiffer.

Pastes
Plasters

A

Pastes

114
Q

solid or semisolid adhesive masses spread on a backing
of paper, fabric, moleskin, or plastic. The adhesive material is a rubber base or a synthetic resin. Applied to the skin to provide prolonged contact at the site.

Pastes
Plasters

A

Plasters

115
Q

are plastic masses containing gelatin (15%), glycerin
(40%), water (35%), and an added medicinal substance
(10%), such as zinc oxide.

A

Glycerogelatins

116
Q

use in varicose ulcers

A

Zinc Gelatin

117
Q

Aqueous preparations with insoluble material for external
application without friction

CERATES
SOLUTIONS
LOTIONS

A

LOTIONS

118
Q

Semisolid preparations containing a relatively high wax
content. Not to be directly rubbed onto skin; used as skin protectants before.

CERATES
SOLUTIONS
LOTIONS

A

CERATES

119
Q

prevents water loss and drug loss

Adhesive Layer
Occlusive Backing Layer
Drug Matrix System
Release Liner

A

Occlusive Backing Layer

120
Q

stores API

Adhesive Layer
Occlusive Backing Layer
Drug Matrix System
Release Liner

A

Drug Matrix System

121
Q

ensures continuous drug absorption

Adhesive Layer
Occlusive Backing Layer
Drug Matrix System
Release Liner

A

Adhesive Layer

122
Q

removed before use to enable drug release

Adhesive Layer
Occlusive Backing Layer
Drug Matrix System
Release Liner

A

Release Liner

123
Q

1st TDDS developed; for motion sickness

A

Scopolamine (Transderm Scop)

124
Q

Ux for angina

A

Nitroglycerin

125
Q

Ux for angina

A

Nitroglycerin

126
Q

1st TDDS for hypertension

A

Clonidine

127
Q

opioid analgesic

A

Fentanyl

128
Q

hormone replacement therapy

A

Estradiol and Testosterone

129
Q

Liquid preparations containing one or more drug
substances that are molecularly dispersed in a suitable
solvent or a mixture of mutually miscible solvents
One of the oldest dosage forms known

A

SOLUTIONS

130
Q

most useful solvent in pharmacy

A

water

131
Q

2nd most useful solvent in pharmacy

A

Alcohol, US

132
Q

absolute alcohol; NLT 99.5% by vol.

A

Dehydrated Alcohol, USP

133
Q

Prepared by mixing equal volumes of Alcohol, USP and
Purified Water, USP. Useful hydroalcoholic solvent

A

Diluted Alcohol, NF

134
Q

Clear syrupy liquid with a sweet taste, miscible in both
water and alcohol

A

Glycerin, USP

135
Q

Viscous liquid miscible with water and alcohol. Frequently substituted for glycerin in modern pharmaceutical formulations

A

Propylene Glycol, USP

136
Q

This and 91% isopropyl alcohol soln are commonly
employed by diabetic pxs in preparing needles and
syringes for hypodermic injections of insulin & for skin
disinfection

A

Isopropyl Rubbing Alcohol

137
Q

Has fewer solid impurities than ordinary drinking water.
● When evaporated to dryness, it must not yield more than
0.001% of residue.
● Used in the preparation of aqueous dosage forms
except those intended to be administered parenterally

A

Purified Water, USP

138
Q

Effective in treating patients with mild volume depletion
(5%-10% of BW)

Oral Solution
Dry Mixtures for Solutions
Oral Colonic Lavage Solution
Oral Rehydration Solutions

A

Oral Rehydration Solutions

139
Q

For medicinal agents, especially antibiotics, that have
insufficient stability in aqueous solutions

Oral Solution
Dry Mixtures for Solutions
Oral Colonic Lavage Solution
Oral Rehydration Solutions

A

Dry Mixtures for Solutions

140
Q

Can be dispensed as is or diluted to prepare a pediatric
form

Oral Solution
Dry Mixtures for Solutions
Oral Colonic Lavage Solution
Oral Rehydration Solutions

A

Oral Solution

141
Q

Alternative method of preparing the GIT of bowel for
procedures, and requires less time and dietary restriction

Oral Solution
Dry Mixtures for Solutions
Oral Colonic Lavage Solution
Oral Rehydration Solutions

A

Oral Colonic Lavage Solution

142
Q

Clear, sweetened, hydroalcoholic solutions that are usually
flavored and are suitable for drugs that are insoluble in
water alone but soluble in water–alcohol mixtures

A

ELIXIRS

143
Q

Alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solutions of chemicals or
soluble constituents of crude drugs

A

TINCTURES

144
Q

Aqueous solution used for cleansing and
maintaining acidic pH of vagina

Spirits
Diluted acids
Aromatic waters
Vaginal douches

A

Vaginal douches

145
Q

clear, saturated or aqueous sol’ns of volatile oils
or other aromatic substances

Spirits
Diluted acids
Aromatic waters
Vaginal douches

A

Aromatic waters

146
Q

Aqueous solutions prepared by dissolving concentrated acids in water Diluted HCI (10% w/v)
- Tx. gastric achlorhydria

Spirits
Diluted acids
Aromatic waters
Vaginal douches

A

Diluted acids

147
Q

essences; hydroalcoholic sol’ns of volatile
substances; highest alcohol content: ≥60%

Spirits
Diluted acids
Aromatic waters
Vaginal douches

A

Spirits

148
Q

Alcoholic or oleaginous solutions (or emulsions)
containing >1 API and are usually rubbed on the
skin

Salicylic acid collodion
Flexible collodion
Collodion/ Colloidion
Liniments

A

Liniments

149
Q

Clear or slightly opalescent viscous liquid, water
repellent protective 4% pyroxylin + ether-alcohol
mixture (3:1)

Salicylic acid collodion
Flexible collodion
Collodion/ Colloidion
Liniments

A

Collodion/ Colloidion

150
Q

Colloidion + 3% Castor oil (for flexibility) and 2%
Camphor (for waterproofing); topical protectant

Salicylic acid collodion
Flexible collodion
Collodion/ Colloidion
Liniments

A

Flexible collodion

151
Q

Flexible collodion + 10% Salicylic acid; keratolytic

Salicylic acid collodion
Flexible collodion
Collodion/ Colloidion
Liniments

A

Salicylic acid collodion

152
Q

fever-producing organic substances arising from microbial contamination

A

Pyrogens

153
Q

earliest injectable drug to receive official recognition

A

Hypodermic morphine solution-

154
Q

Most frequently used solvent in the large-scale manufacture of injections. Distillation or Reverse osmosis. NMT mg/100mL total solids and may not contain added
substances; Pyrogen-free

A

Water for Injection, USP

155
Q

In single-dose containers not larger than 1L. Pyrogen-free, endotoxin level: 0.25 USP EU/mL. 1L bottles not to be administered IV.

A

Sterile Water for Injection, USP

156
Q

SWI with one or more suitable antimicrobials

A

Bacteriostatic Water for Injection, USP

157
Q

Sterile isotonic solution of NaCl in WFI. No antimicrobials; 154mEq each of Na and Cl per liter

A

Sodium Chloride Injection, USP

158
Q

Contains one or more suitable antimicrobial, and must
be indicated on the label. <30mL containers

A

Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride Injection, USP

159
Q

Sterile solution of NaCl, KCl, and CaCl2 in WFI; Vehicle; electrolyte replenisher, plasma volume expander

A

Ringer’s Injection, USP

160
Q

Different quantities of the chlorides + Na lactate.
Fluid and electrolyte replenisher; systemic alkalizer

A

Lactated Ringer Injection, USP

161
Q

the active principle of the pancreas gland, is
primarily concerned with the metabolism of
carbohydrates but also influences protein and fat
metabolism.

A

Insulin

162
Q

a buildup of fibrous tissue

A

lipohypertrophy

163
Q

fat loss in small area of the body

A

lipodystrophy

164
Q

From beef or pork pancreas or both
U-100 or U-500.
Colorless to straw-colored solution;
substantially free from turbidity
Only insulin that can be administered IV

A

Regular Insulin

165
Q

Biosynthetic human insulin- first FDA
approved rDNA drug product

A

Human Insulin (Humulin)

166
Q

Recombinant rapid-acting insulin analog
differing from human insulin by replacing
2 amino acids at B3 and B29; produced
from E. coli
Sterile, clear, aqueous, and colorless
solution; stable only in NSS

A

Insulin Glulisine (Apidra)

167
Q

Sterile aqueous suspension prepared from zinc-insulin crystals with protamine

A

Isophane Insulin Suspension (NPH Insulin)

168
Q

Long-acting basal insulin preparation
intended for SC ODHS administration
■ Recombinant human insulin analog
formulated at pH 4.0; formation of
microspheres once injected SC

A

Insulin Glargine

169
Q

Clear neutral solution produced by rDNA in
S. cerevisiae
■ Strong self-association and are highly
albumin bound
■ Should not be mixed with any other
insulin

A

Insulin Detemir

170
Q

use disposable or single-use cartridges filled with either
150 or 300 U of insulin and packaged five per box. Their
ease of use and portability make them desirable for
patients to administer insulin, particularly for those
patients who desire to avoid the embarrassment of
needle use in public

A

Insulin Pens

171
Q

allow an estimated 300,000 patients to achieve and
maintain blood glucose at nearly normal levels on a
constant basis through continuous SC insulin infusion.

A

Insulin Infusion Pumps

172
Q

Infusion of enough basic nutrients to achieve active tissue
synthesis and growth
● Characterized by the long-term feeding of protein
solutions containing high concentrations of dextrose,
electrolytes, vitamins, and in some, insulin.
● Administered slowly through a large vein, permitting rapid
dilution and minimizes risk of tissue or cellular damage
due to hypertonicity. Dextrose final concentrations of
<10% can be given peripherally.

A

Parenteral Nutrition

173
Q

Orally, via NGT, via feeding gastrostomy, or via
needle-catheter jejunostomy.
Products contain vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates,
proteins, fats, and caloric requirements to meet the
specific needs
● Considerations: Type of tubing, Location of the tube,
Interactions, Pharmacokinetic concerns

A

Enteral Nutrition

174
Q

intended to bathe or wash wounds,
surgical incisions, or body tissues.

A

Irrigation

175
Q

Not injected into the vein but employed outside of the
circulatory system

A

Dialysis Solutions

176
Q

solutions are allowed to flow into the peritoneal cavity and remove toxic substances normally excreted by the kidney.

A

Peritoneal Dialysis

177
Q

is used to remove toxins from the blood

A

Hemodialysis

178
Q

Pressurized dosage forms upon actuation will deliver a fire
mist of the product (liquid/solid drug in a gaseous
medium)

A

AEROSOLS

179
Q

airborne mist

A

Space spray

180
Q

surface carries active ingredients

A

Surface spray

Phar Review & Comprehensive Examination (17 decks)

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