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Pharmacology - general Flashcards

1
Q

List adrenergic receptors

A

λ1, λ2, β1, β2, β3

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2
Q

λ1 receptors functions

A

–> in skin, sphincter of GI, kidneys, brain
–> contraction of smooth m of blood vessel
–> anorexia
–> mydriasis
–> + inotropic effect

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3
Q

λ2 receptors functions

A

–> in CNS, vascular smooth m.
–> inhibit release of noradrenaline
–> platelet aggregation
–> reduce salivation

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4
Q

β1 receptors functions

A

–> increase cardiac output
–> + chronotropic effect
–> + inotropic effect
–> renin release
–> lipolysis in adipose tissue

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5
Q

β2 receptors functions

A

–> resp, uterine, GI smooth m. relaxation
–> Increase blood flow in target organs
–> increase aqueous humor secretion
–> glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in liver

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6
Q

β3 receptors functions

A

–> gall bladder, urinary, fat
–> lipolysis in adipose tissue
–> thermogenesis in skeletal m.

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7
Q

Ephedrine

A

–> Sympathomimetic, non-catecholamine
–> hypertension
–> mydriasis
–> vasoconstriction (kidneys, mesenteric, skin)
–> For urinary incontinence
–> Decongestant

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8
Q

Amphetamine

A

–> Sympathomimetic, non-catecholamine
–> release noradrenaline

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9
Q

Phenylephrine

A

–> Sympathomimetic, non-catecholamine
–> peripheral vasoconstriction
–> Decongestant

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10
Q

Metoxamin
Metaramiol

A

–> Sympathomimetic, non-catecholamine
–> peripheral vasoconstriction

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11
Q

Ergometrine

A

–> Non selective λ adrenergic blocking agent
–> decrease vasoconstriction
–> treat perivascular spasm
–> anti-hypertensive
–> use in visceral ischemia
–> relaxation of 3rd eyelid

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12
Q

Phenoxibenzamine

A

–> Non selective λ adrenergic blocking agent
–> decrease vasoconstriction
–> treat perivascular spasm
–> anti-hypertensive
–> use in visceral ischemia
–> relaxation of 3rd eyelid

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13
Q

Dibenamine

A

–> Non selective λ adrenergic blocking agent
–> decrease vasoconstriction
–> treat perivascular spasm
–> anti-hypertensive
–> use in visceral ischemia
–> relaxation of 3rd eyelid

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14
Q

Phentolamine

A

–> Non selective λ adrenergic blocking agent
–> decrease vasoconstriction
–> treat perivascular spasm
–> anti-hypertensive
–> use in visceral ischemia
–> relaxation of 3rd eyelid

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15
Q

Talazoline

A

–> Non selective λ adrenergic blocking agent
–> decrease vasoconstriction
–> treat perivascular spasm
–> anti-hypertensive
–> use in visceral ischemia
–> relaxation of 3rd eyelid
–> Analeptic

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16
Q

Piperaxane

A

–> Non selective λ adrenergic blocking agent
–> decrease vasoconstriction
–> treat perivascular spasm
–> anti-hypertensive
–> use in visceral ischemia
–> relaxation of 3rd eyelid

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17
Q

Phenothiazine

A

–> Non selective λ adrenergic blocking agent
–> decrease vasoconstriction
–> treat perivascular spasm
–> anti-hypertensive
–> use in visceral ischemia
–> relaxation of 3rd eyelid

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18
Q

Chlorpromazine

A

–> Non selective λ adrenergic blocking agent
–> decrease vasoconstriction
–> treat perivascular spasm
–> anti-hypertensive
–> use in visceral ischemia
–> relaxation of 3rd eyelid
–> Tranquilizers, phenothiazine derivates
–> block dopamine effects
–> Antipsychotics
–> Serotonin antagonist
–> Anti-emetic

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19
Q

Prazosine

A

–> Selective λ1 adrenergic blocking agent
–> anti-hypertensive
–> Peripheral vasodilator
–> use to reduce effect of heart failure

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20
Q

Trimazosine

A

–> Selective λ1 adrenergic blocking agent
–> Anti-hypertensive

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21
Q

Atipamezole

A

–> Selective λ2 adrenergic blocking agent
–> Tranquilizers

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22
Q

Yohimbine

A

–> Selective λ2 adrenergic blocking agent
–> Tranquilizers, sedation, analgesia

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23
Q

Propanolol

A

–> Non selective β adrenergic blocking agent
–> anti-arrythmic
–> anti-hypertensive
–> obstructive heart disease
–> use in myocardial infarct risk

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24
Q

Pronethalol

A

–> Non selective β adrenergic blocking agent
–> anti-arrythmic
–> anti-hypertensive
–> obstructive heart disease
–> use in myocardial infarct risk

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25
Q

Sotalol

A

–> Non selective β adrenergic blocking agent
–> anti-arrythmic
–> anti-hypertensive
–> obstructive heart disease
–> use in myocardial infarct risk

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26
Q

Atenolol

A

–> Selective β1 adrenergic blocking agent
–> use in hypertension, arrhythmia

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27
Q

Metoprolol

A

–> Selective β1 adrenergic blocking agent
–> use in hypertension, arrhythmia

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28
Q

Butoxamine

A

–> Selective β2 adrenergic blocking agent
–> use in hypertension, arrhythmia

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29
Q

Esters of choline

A

–> parasympathomimetic direct acting agent

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30
Q

Acetylcholine

A

–> parasympathomimetic direct acting agent

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31
Q

Metacoline

A

–> parasympathomimetic direct acting agent

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32
Q

Carbachol

A

–> parasympathomimetic direct acting agent
–> Purgative (irritant)

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33
Q

Betanecol

A

–> parasympathomimetic direct acting agent

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34
Q

Pilocarpine

A

–> parasympathomimetic natural alkaloid cholinomimetic
–> Emetic

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35
Q

Muscarine

A

–> parasympathomimetic natural alkaloid cholinomimetic

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36
Q

Physostigmine

A

–> parasympathomimetic indirect acting agent, cholinesterase inhibitors
–> antidote : atropine
–> Purgative (irritant)

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37
Q

Neostigmine

A

–> parasympathomimetic indirect acting agent, cholinesterase inhibitors
–> antidote : atropine
–> Purgative (irritant)

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38
Q

Atropine

A

–> parasympatholytic
–> serotonin antagonist
–> Anti-diarrheal

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39
Q

Scopolamine

A

–> parasympatholytic
–> Anti-emetic (not in cat)

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40
Q

Glycopyrrolate

A

–> parasympatholytic
–> Anti-emetic
–> Anti-ulcer
–> Anti-diarrheal
–> Bronchodilators

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41
Q

Homatropine

A

–> parasympatholytic

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42
Q

Propantheline

A

–> parasympatholytic
–> Anti-diarrheal

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43
Q

Methylatropine

A

–> parasympatholytic

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44
Q

Isoflurane

A

–> Inhaled anesthetics

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45
Q

Sevoflurane

A

–> Inhaled anesthetics

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46
Q

Halothane

A

–> Inhaled anesthetics

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47
Q

Propofol

A

–> Injectable anesthetics
–> induction
–> short acting

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48
Q

Etomidate

A

–> Injectable anesthetics
–> hypnotic, very short action

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49
Q

Metomidate

A

–> Injectable anesthetics
–> sedative, hypnotic

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50
Q

Chloral-hydrate

A

–> Injectable anesthetics
–> Euthanizing agents

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51
Q

Magnesium sulphate

A

–> Injectable anesthetics
–> Anti-arrhythmia
–> use for ventricular tachycardia
–> Anti-ulcer
–> Purgative

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52
Q

Guaifenesin

A

–> Injectable anesthetics

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53
Q

Altesin (alfaxalone, alfadolone)

A

–> Injectable anesthetics
–> rapid action

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54
Q

Phencyclidine

A

–> Injectable anesthetics

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55
Q

Ketamine

A

–> Injectable anesthetics
–> max 30min
–> analgesic
–> don’t use with head injury and glaucoma

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56
Q

Tiletamine

A

–> Injectable anesthetics

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57
Q

Chloralose

A

–> Injectable anesthetics

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58
Q

Phenobarbital

A

–> Injectable anesthetics, barbiturate
–> anticonvulsant
–> Euthanizing agents

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59
Q

Pentobarbital

A

–> Injectable anesthetics, barbiturate
–> Anticonvulsant, control severe seizures
–> Euthanizing agents

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60
Q

Thiopental

A

–> Injectable anesthetics, barbiturate
–> for induction or short action
–> Euthanizing agents

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61
Q

Morphine

A

–> Opioid
–> emesis

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62
Q

Codeine phosphate

A

–> Opioid
–> constipation

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63
Q

Hydromorphone

A

–> Opioid

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64
Q

Oxymorphone

A

–> Opioid

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65
Q

Meperidine

A

–> Opioid

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66
Q

Fentanyl

A

–> Opioid

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67
Q

Naloxone

A

–> Opioid antagonist

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68
Q

Naltrexone

A

–> Opioid antagonist

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69
Q

Nalbuphrine

A

–> Opioid antagonist

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70
Q

Diprenorphine

A

–> Opioid antagonist

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71
Q

Promazine

A

–> Tranquilizers, phenothiazine derivates
–> block dopamine effects
–> Antipsychotics

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72
Q

Acepromazine

A

–> Tranquilizers, phenothiazine derivates
–> block dopamine effects
–> Antipsychotics

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73
Q

Prochlorperazine

A

–> Tranquilizers, phenothiazine derivates
–> block dopamine effects
–> Antipsychotics
–> Anti-emetic

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74
Q

Trimeprazine

A

–> Tranquilizers, phenothiazine derivates
–> block dopamine effects
–> Antipsychotics
–> Anti H1

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75
Q

Diazepam

A

–> Tranquilizers, benzodiazepine derivates
–> Anticonvulsant
–> Anxiolytics
–> Appetite stimulant (cat)

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76
Q

Midazolam

A

–> Tranquilizers, benzodiazepine derivates

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77
Q

Clordiazepoxid

A

–> Tranquilizers, benzodiazepine derivates

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78
Q

Flumazenil

A

–> benzodiazepine competitive ANTAGONIST

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79
Q

Droperidol

A

–> Tranquilizers, butyrophenone derivates
–> first choice in emergency traumatic shock
–> Anti-emetic

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80
Q

Haloperidol

A

–> Tranquilizers, butyrophenone derivates
–> Antipsychotics
–> Anti-emetic

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81
Q

Azaperona

A

–> Tranquilizers, butyrophenone derivates

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82
Q

Xylazine

A

–> Tranquilizers, λ2 adrenergic agonist
–> Emetic

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83
Q

Detomidin

A

–> Tranquilizers, λ2 adrenergic agonist

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84
Q

Medetomidine

A

–> Tranquilizers, λ2 adrenergic agonist

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85
Q

Romifidin

A

–> Tranquilizers, λ2 adrenergic agonist
–> in horse

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86
Q

Tolazoline

A

–> Tranquilizers, λ2 adrenergic agonist

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87
Q

Procaine

A

–> Local anesthetics

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88
Q

Chlorprocaine

A

–> Local anesthetics

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89
Q

Tetracaine

A

–> Local anesthetics

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90
Q

Bupivacaine

A

–> Local anesthetics

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91
Q

Etidocaine

A

–> Local anesthetics

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92
Q

Lidocaine

A

–> Local anesthetics
–> Anti-arrythmic
–> ventricular anti-arrhythmic

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93
Q

Ropivacaine

A

–> Local anesthetics

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94
Q

Mepivacaine

A

–> Local anesthetics

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95
Q

Imepitoin

A

–> Anticonvulsant
–> in dogs

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96
Q

Potassium bromide

A

–> Anticonvulsant

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97
Q

Primidone

A

–> Anticonvulsant

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98
Q

Phenytoin

A

–> Anticonvulsant
–> Anti-arrythmic
–> use for ventricular arrhythmia

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99
Q

What’s an analeptic

A

CNS stimulant

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100
Q

Doxapram

A

–> Analeptic (resp stimulant)

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101
Q

Methylxanthine derivates (caffeine, theophylline, theobromine)

A

–> Analeptic

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102
Q

Lorazepam

A

–> Anxiolytic

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103
Q

Oxazepam

A

–> Anxiolytic
–> Appetite stimulant (cat)f

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104
Q

Imipramine

A

–> Antidepressant

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105
Q

Clomipramine

A

–> Antidepressant

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106
Q

Doxepine

A

–> Antidepressant

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107
Q

Selegiline

A

–> Antidepressant
–> Hyperadrenocorticism

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108
Q

Fluoxetine

A

–> Antidepressant

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109
Q

Citaloprame

A

–> Antidepressant

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110
Q

Venlafaxine

A

–> Antidepressant

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111
Q

Mirtazapine

A

–> Antidepressant
–> Appetite stimulant

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112
Q

Ethanole

A

–> Euthanizing agents

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113
Q

T61

A

–> Euthanizing agents

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114
Q

What’s an autacoid ?

A

Substance produced by an organism that has a local action on cells or tissues nearby

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115
Q

Histamine roles

A

–> GI : Stimulate HCl secretion
–> Circulatory system : regulate microcirculation in response to tissue damage and inflammation

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116
Q

Histamine receptors roles

A

H1 : smooth m. contraction, pruritus, prostaglandin generation
H2 : HCl secretion
H3 : modulate histamine release
H4 : on WBC

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117
Q

Diphenhydramine

A

–> Anti H1
–> Anti-emetic
–> Decongestant

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118
Q

Pyrilamine

A

–> Anti H1

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119
Q

Tripelenamine

A

–> Anti H1

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120
Q

Clorpheniramine

A

–> Anti H1

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121
Q

Dimenhydrinate

A

–> Anti H1
–> Decongestant

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122
Q

Promethazine

A

–> Anti H1

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123
Q

Clemastine

A

–> Anti H1

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124
Q

Hydroxyzine

A

–> Anti H1
–> Decongestant

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125
Q

Astemizole

A

–> Anti H1

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126
Q

Terfenadine

A

–> Anti H1

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127
Q

Amitriptyline

A

–> Anti H1

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128
Q

Cimetidine

A

–> Anti H2
–> Anti-ulcer

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129
Q

Famotidine

A

–> Anti H2
–> Anti-ulcer

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130
Q

Ranitidine

A

–> Anti H2
–> Anti-ulcer

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131
Q

Nizatidine

A

–> Anti H2
–> Anti-ulcer

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132
Q

Serotonin roles

A

–> contraction of bv
–> neurotransmitter
–> sleep
–> behavior
–> Appetite stimulant
–> thermoregulation

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133
Q

Metoclopramide

A

–> Anti-emetic
–> Appetite stimulant
–> Stimulator of gastric motility

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134
Q

Ondansetron

A

–> Anti-emetic

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135
Q

Ketanserin

A

–> treatment of wound, prevent keloid formation
–> anti-serotonin

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136
Q

Angiotensin role

A

Increase BP

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137
Q

Saralsin

A

–> Anti-angiotensin

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138
Q

Captopril

A

–> Anti-angiotensin
–> Vasodilatation (inhibitors of phosphodiesterase)
–> + inotropic effect

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139
Q

Enalapril

A

–> Anti-angiotensin
–> Vasodilatation (inhibitors of phosphodiesterase)
–> + inotropic effect

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140
Q

Prostaglandin effects

A

–> Cardiovascular syst : smooth m. contraction
–> Blood : clotting factors
–> Renal syst : vasodilatation, increase excretion of Na, K, Cl, water

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141
Q

Cytokine : list and roles

A

TNF-λ : mediator of endotoxic shock
Interleukin : mediate natural immune response and proliferation of Ab synthesis
Interferons : affect viral DNA and RNA replication

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142
Q

Salicyclic acid

A

–> Analgesic
–> Anti-inflammatory
–> Antipyretic

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143
Q

Antipyretic def

A

Drug to prevent/reduce fever

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144
Q

Celecoxib

A

–> NSAID

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145
Q

Meloxicam

A

–> NSAID

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146
Q

Diclofenac

A

–> NSAID

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147
Q

Pyroxicam

A

–> NSAID
–> Hormone antitumor therapy (only palliative)

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148
Q

Ibuprofen

A

–> NSAID

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149
Q

Naproxen

A

–> NSAID

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150
Q

Ketoprofen

A

–> NSAID

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151
Q

Phenylbutazone

A

–> NSAID
–> Cats are sensitive

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152
Q

Carprofen

A

–> NSAID

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153
Q

Flunixin meglumin

A

–> NSAID

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154
Q

Mavacoxib
Enflicoxib

A

–> NSAID
–> for osteoarthritis

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155
Q

Metamizole

A

–> analgesic
–> anti-pyretic

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156
Q

Bedinvetmab

A

–> analgesic
–> for osteoarthritis

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157
Q

Digitoxine

A

–> Vasodilatation (natural)
–> use for heart failure, arrhythmia

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158
Q

Gitaline

A

–> Vasodilatation (natural)
–> use for heart failure, arrhythmia

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159
Q

Gitoxine

A

–> Vasodilatation (natural)
–> use for heart failure, arrhythmia

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160
Q

Digoxine

A

–> Vasodilatation (natural)
–> use for heart failure, arrhythmia

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161
Q

Amrinone

A

–> Vasodilatation (inhibitors of phosphodiesterase)
–> + inotropic effect

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162
Q

Milrinone

A

–> Vasodilatation (inhibitors of phosphodiesterase)
–> + inotropic effect

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163
Q

Imidarone

A

–> Vasodilatation (inhibitors of phosphodiesterase)
–> + inotropic effect

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164
Q

Pimobendane

A

–> Vasodilatation (inhibitors of phosphodiesterase)
–> + inotropic effect

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165
Q

Hydralazine

A

–> Vasodilatation (inhibitors of phosphodiesterase)
–> + inotropic effect

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166
Q

Benazepril

A

–> Vasodilatation (inhibitors of phosphodiesterase)
–> + inotropic effect

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167
Q

Amlopidine

A

–> Vasodilatation (inhibitors of phosphodiesterase)
–> + inotropic effect

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168
Q

Ancillary therapy in heart failure

A

–> Oxygen demands
–> Diuretics
–> Morphine
–> Aminophilline (bronchodilator)

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169
Q

Quinidine

A

–> Anti-arrythmic
–> use for atrial fibrillation

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170
Q

Procainamide

A

–> Anti-arrythmic
–> use for ventricular arrhythmia

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171
Q

Oxprenolol

A

–> Anti-arrythmic
–> use for atrial fibrillation

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172
Q

Alprenolol

A

–> Anti-arrythmic
–> use for atrial fibrillation

173
Q

Labetalol

A

–> Anti-arrythmic
–> use for atrial fibrillation

174
Q

Bretylium

A

–> Anti-arrythmic
–> use for ventricular arrhythmia

175
Q

Amiodaron

A

–> Anti-arrythmic
–> use for ventricular arrhythmia

176
Q

Verapamil

A

–> Anti-arrythmic
–> use for tachycardia and atrial fibrillation

177
Q

Adenosine

A

–> Anti-arrythmic

178
Q

When do you use Ringer’s lactate solution ?

A

Mild acidosis (not in severe)
Extracellular dehydration
Hypovolemia peri-op
Hemorrhagic chock

179
Q

Ringer lactate contre-indication

A

Cardiac insufficiency
Hypercalcemia
Hyperkalemia
Metabolic alkalosis
Severe metabolic acidosis
Hepatic insufficiency
Hypernatremia

180
Q

List of crystalloids substances

A

Ringer’s solution
Ringer’s lactate solution
Normal saline
Dextrose

181
Q

List of colloids substances

A

Whole blood
Plasma
Albumin
Dextran 40 or 70
Hetastarch or pentastarch
Oxypolygelatin

182
Q

Phenylpropanolamine

A

–> For urinary incontinence

183
Q

Estriol

A

–> For urinary incontinence

184
Q

Propantheline

A

–> For urinary incontinence

185
Q

Allopurinol

A

–> For renal lithiasis

186
Q

Probenecid

A

–> For renal lithiasis

187
Q

Penicillamine

A

–> For renal lithiasis

188
Q

Potassium citrate

A

–> For renal lithiasis
–> prevent calcium oxalate and uric urolithiasis

189
Q

Methionine

A

–> For renal lithiasis
–> prevent struvites
–> Liver protectant (protect from toxin)

190
Q

Mannitol

A

–> Diuretic
–> Purgative

191
Q

Furosemide

A

–> Diuretic

192
Q

Acetazolamide

A

–> Diuretic

193
Q

Dichlorphenamide

A

–> Diuretic

194
Q

Methazolamide

A

–> Diuretic

195
Q

Dorzolamide

A

–> Diuretic

196
Q

Glycerin

A

–> Diuretic

197
Q

Urea

A

–> Diuretic (osmotic)

198
Q

Ethacrynic acid

A

–> Diuretic

199
Q

Bumetanide

A

–> Diuretic

200
Q

Torsemide

A

–> Diuretic

201
Q

Chlorothiazide

A

–> Diuretic

202
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide

A

–> Diuretic

203
Q

Cyclothiazide

A

–> Diuretic

204
Q

Methychlothiazide

A

–> Diuretic

205
Q

Triamterene

A

–> Diuretic

206
Q

Amiloride

A

–> Diuretic

207
Q

Spironolactone

A

–> Diuretic

208
Q

Canrenone

A

–> Diuretic

209
Q

Conivaptan

A

–> Diuretic

210
Q

Tolvaptan

A

–> Diuretic

211
Q

Demeclocytine

A

–> Diuretic

212
Q

Lithium

A

–> Diuretic

213
Q

What do you give in case of acute hemorrhage ?

A

Whole blood
Crystalloid solution :
- 0.9% saline sol + 6-10% dextran 40 or 70
- dextran 70
- pentastarch
- hetastarch

214
Q

What do you do in case of chronic hemorrhage ?

A
  • whole blood transfusion
  • blood products
  • adequate nutrition
  • iron therapy
215
Q

What do you do in case of anemia in newborn piglet ?

A

i.m. on the 2nd or 3rd day of life –> iron dextran

216
Q

What do you do in case of hemolytic anemia ?

A
  • whole blood transfusion
  • crystalloid substances
    vitamins with antioxidant properties (A, E, C)
217
Q

What do you do in case of hypoplastic anemia (immune-mediated) ?

A
  • endocrinopathies (hypothyroidism, hyperestrogenism)
  • lithium carbonate : improve hematopoiesis
218
Q

Thrombin

A

–> Local hemostatic

219
Q

Fibrinogen

A

–> Local hemostatic

220
Q

Fibrin

A

–> Local hemostatic

221
Q

Absorbable gelatin sponge

A

–> Local hemostatic
–> absorbed in 4-6 weeks

222
Q

Cellulosic acid

A

–> Local hemostatic
–> clot formation

223
Q

Vitamin K

A

–> Systemic hemostatic

224
Q

Desmopressin acetate

A

–> Systemic hemostatic

225
Q

Protamine sulfate

A

–> Systemic hemostatic

226
Q

Etamsylate

A

–> Systemic hemostatic

227
Q

Tranexamic acid

A

–> Systemic hemostatic

228
Q

Carbazochrome

A

–> Systemic hemostatic

229
Q

Heparin

A

–> Anticoagulant

230
Q

Dicumarol

A

–> Anticoagulant
–> vit K antagonist

231
Q

Warfarin sodium

A

–> Anticoagulant
–> vit K antagonist

232
Q

Phenprocoumon

A

–> Anticoagulant
–> vit K antagonist

233
Q

Aminocaproic acid

A

–> Anticoagulant
–> fibrinolytic agent

234
Q

Aprotinin

A

–> Anticoagulant
–> fibrinolytic agent

235
Q

Streptokinase

A

–> Anticoagulant
–> fibrinolytic agent

236
Q

Fibrinolysin

A

–> Anticoagulant
–> fibrinolytic agent

237
Q

Acetylsalicylic acid

A

–> Anticoagulant
–> antiplatelet

238
Q

Ticlopidine

A

–> Anticoagulant
–> antiplatelet

239
Q

Dipyridamole

A

–> Anticoagulant
–> antiplatelet

240
Q

Important blood groups in dogs
Donors weight

A

At least 11
1.1, 1.2 and 7 are significant
Donors : 20kg BW

241
Q

Important blood groups in cats
Donors weight

A

A (main), B, AB
Donors : 4kg BW

242
Q

Important blood groups in bovine

A

A, B, C

243
Q

Important blood groups in horse

A

30 blood groups
A, C, Q

244
Q

List of blood substitutes

A
  • free hemoglobin
  • fluorocarbon
  • oxyglobin
245
Q

Drugs to induce ovarian activity in sow

A

PG600 : induce estrus
FSHp and LHp

246
Q

Drug to advance breeding season

A

Melatonin implant (ewe, goat, deer) (increase ovulation rate)

247
Q

Drug to reduce interval between calving and estrus

A

Testosterone

248
Q

Altrenogest

A

Control the estrus (synchronizing) (gilts, mare) (in food)

249
Q

Progestins

A

Control the estrus (synchronizing) (heifers, cow, goat) (ear implant)

250
Q

Melengestrol acetate

A

Control the estrus (synchronizing) (cow, sheep) (oral)

251
Q

Intravaginal progesterone

A

Control the estrus (synchronizing)

252
Q

CIDR (Controlled Internal Drug Release)

A

Control the estrus (synchronizing) (sheep, goat, cow)

253
Q

PRID (Progesterone Releasing Intravaginal Device)

A

Control the estrus (synchronizing) (cow)

254
Q

Gonadorelin

A

GnRH (Gonadotropin releasing hormone)

255
Q

Fertilerin acetate

A

GnRH (Gonadotropin releasing hormone)
Increase fertility

256
Q

Burserelin

A

–> GnRH (Gonadotropin releasing hormone)
–> Increase fertility
–> Induction of ovarian activity in mare

257
Q

HCG then PGF2

A

Treatment of follicular cyst

258
Q

Treatment of luteum cyst

A

PGF2

259
Q

Dinoprost

A

PGF2λ natural

260
Q

Tromethamine

A

PGF2λ natural

261
Q

Cloprostenol

A

PGF2λ analog

262
Q

Alfaprostol

A

PGF2λ analog

263
Q

Fenprostalene

A

PGF2λ analog

264
Q

Drugs to induce parturition

A
  • cow : PGF2λ, glucocorticoid, estradiol
  • mare : oxytocin, PGF2λ
265
Q

Post-partum drugs

A
  • oxytocin (for retained placenta)
  • estrogen (cow : prevent infection)
  • PGF2λ (for pyometra)
266
Q

Drug to induce superovulation (cow, sow, sheep and goat)

A
  • cow : FSH then PGF2λ
  • sow : PMSG after weaning
  • goat/sheep : PGF2λ then gonadotropin
267
Q

Drug to induc lactation

A

Estradiol, progesterone, dexamethazone, reserpine

268
Q

Tocolytic definition

A

Inhibit uterine activity

269
Q

Clenbuterole

A

Tocolytic

270
Q

Atosibane

A

Tocolytic

271
Q

Drugs to stimulate the gonads in pets

A

GnRH

272
Q

Drug to induce estrus in bitch

A
  • diethylstilbestrol (then LH and FSH)
  • PSMG or HCG
273
Q

Drug to induce ovulation in pets

A

hCG

274
Q

Drug for abortion and evacuation of uterus in pets

A

PGF2λ

275
Q

Antinidatory medication in pets

A

Estradiol

276
Q

Mifepristone

A

Abortigen (pets)

277
Q

Bromocriptine

A

–> Abortigen (pets)
–> Pseudopregnancy (pets)

278
Q

Cabergoline

A

–> Abortigen (pets)
–> Pseudopregnancy (pets)

279
Q

Megestrol acetate

A

–> Postponement of estrus (contraceptive) (pets)
–> Prostatic hypertrophy (pets)

280
Q

Chlormadinone acetate

A

Postponement of estrus (contraceptive) (pets)

281
Q

Delmadinone

A

–> Postponement of estrus (contraceptive) (pets)
–> Prostatic hypertrophy (pets)

282
Q

Medroxyprogesterone

A

Postponement of estrus (contraceptive) (pets)

283
Q

Proligestone

A

Postponement of estrus (contraceptive) (pets)

284
Q

Mibolerone

A

Postponement of estrus (contraceptive) (pets)

285
Q

Metergoline

A

Pseudopregnancy (pets)

286
Q

Ergonovine

A

Uterine inertia
(post-partum/abortion hemorrhage) (pets)

287
Q

Drug for cryptorchidism

A
  • HCG
  • surgery
288
Q

Osateron

A

Prostatic hypertrophy (pets)

289
Q

Nandrolone

A

Anabolic drug (for negative nitrogen balance) (pets)

290
Q

Deslorelin

A

Induction of infertility in male (pets)

291
Q

Goitrogenes

A

Antithyroid

292
Q

Thionamides

A

Antithyroid

293
Q

Hydrocortisone

A

Glucocorticoid

294
Q

Cortisone

A

Glucocorticoid

295
Q

Prednisone

A

–> Glucocorticoid
–> Hormone antitumor therapy (only palliative)

296
Q

Prednisolone

A

Glucocorticoid

297
Q

Methylprednisolone

A

Glucocorticoid

298
Q

Triamcinolone

A

Glucocorticoid

299
Q

Isoflupredone

A

Glucocorticoid

300
Q

Flumethazone

A

Glucocorticoid

301
Q

Dexamethazone

A

Glucocorticoid

302
Q

betamethazone

A

Glucocorticoid

303
Q

Desoxycorticosteron acetate

A

Mineralocorticoid deficiency

304
Q

Fludrocortizon acetate

A

Mineralocorticoid deficiency

305
Q

Mitotane

A

–> Hyperadrenocorticism
–> Hormone antitumor therapy (only palliative)

306
Q

Trilostane

A

Hyperadrenocorticism

307
Q

Ketaconazole

A

Hyperadrenocorticism

308
Q

Treatment of ketosis in cattle

A
  • Insulin
  • Dexamethasone or isoflupredone acetate
  • Potassium chloride
309
Q

Sulfonylureas (tolbutamide, talzamide, chlorpropamide, acetohexamide, glimerpiride)

A

Hypoglycemic agent

310
Q

Metformin

A

Hypoglycemic agent

311
Q

Acarbose

A

Hypoglycemic agent

312
Q

Thiazolidinediones

A

Hypoglycemic agent

313
Q

Glucagon

A

Hyperglycemic agent

314
Q

Somatostatin

A

Hyperglycemic agent

315
Q

Diazoxide

A
  • Hyperglycemic agent
  • for insulinoma
316
Q

Hydrazine sulfate

A

–> Appetite stimulant

317
Q

Cyproheptadine

A

–> Appetite stimulant
–> Anti-emetic

318
Q

Warm or saline water

A

–> Emetic

319
Q

Warm sodium chloride

A

–> Emetic

320
Q

Ipecac syrup

A

–> Emetic

321
Q

Apomorphine

A

–> Emetic

322
Q

Ropinirole

A

–> Emetic (dog)

323
Q

Kaolin
Pectin
Bismuth salt

A

–> Anti-emetic (limited action)
–> GI protectant/adsorbent

324
Q

Domperidone

A

–> Anti-emetic
–> Stimulator of gastric motility

325
Q

Methscopolamine

A

–> Anti-emetic
–> Anti-ulcer

326
Q

Isopropamide

A

–> Anti-emetic
–> Anti-ulcer

327
Q

Cyclizine

A

–> Anti-emetic (anti histmainic)

328
Q

Meclizine

A

–> Anti-emetic (anti histaminic

329
Q

Dyciclomine

A

–> Anti-emetic (not in cat)
–> Anti-diarrheal

330
Q

Triflupromazine

A

–> Anti-emetic

331
Q

Perphenazine

A

–> Anti-emetic

332
Q

Meprazine

A

–> Anti-emetic

333
Q

Trimethobenzamide

A

–> Anti-emetic

334
Q

Dolasetron

A

–> Anti-emetic

335
Q

Granisetron

A

–> Anti-emetic

336
Q

Tropisetron

A

–> Anti-emetic

337
Q

Maropitant

A

–> Anti-emetic

338
Q

Aprepitant

A

–> Anti-emetic

339
Q

Fosfaprepitant

A

–> Anti-emetic

340
Q

Misoprostol

A

–> Anti-ulcer

341
Q

Omeprazole

A

–> Anti-ulcer

342
Q

Pantoprazole

A

–> Anti-ulcer

343
Q

Lansoprazole

A

–> Anti-ulcer

344
Q

Sodium bicarbonate

A

–> Anti-ulcer

345
Q

Aluminium hydroxide

A

–> Anti-ulcer
–> GI protectant/adsorbent

346
Q

Calcium carbonate

A

–> Anti-ulcer
–> GI protectant/adsorbent

347
Q

Sucrose

A

–> Anti-ulcer

348
Q

Sucralfate

A

–> Anti-ulcer

349
Q

Bethanechol

A

–> Stimulator of gastric motility
–> Purgative (irritant)

350
Q

Cisapride

A

–> Stimulator of gastric motility

351
Q

Hyoscine

A

–> Anti-diarrheal

352
Q

Aminopentamide

A

–> Anti-diarrheal

353
Q

Mepenzolate

A

–> Anti-diarrheal

354
Q

Oxyphenonium

A

–> Anti-diarrheal

355
Q

Benzetimide

A

–> Anti-diarrheal

356
Q

Pipenozolat

A

–> Anti-diarrheal

357
Q

Clidinium

A

–> Anti-diarrheal

358
Q

Camylofine

A

–> Anti-diarrheal

359
Q

Opium

A

–> Anti-diarrheal

360
Q

Diphenoxylat

A

–> Anti-diarrheal

361
Q

Loperamide

A

–> Anti-diarrheal

362
Q

Drotaverine

A

–> Anti-diarrheal

363
Q

Sulfasalazine

A

–> Anti-diarrheal (cats are sensitive)

364
Q

Magnesium trisilicate

A

–> GI protectant/adsorbent

365
Q

Aluminium trisilicate

A

–> GI protectant/adsorbent

366
Q

Mineral oil

A

–> Laxative

367
Q

Methylcellulose

A

–> Laxative

368
Q

Carboxymethylcelullose

A

–> Laxative

369
Q

Sorbitol

A

–> Purgative

370
Q

Lactulose

A

–> Purgative

371
Q

Sodium sulfate

A

–> Purgative

372
Q

Sodium phosphate

A

–> Purgative

373
Q

Vegetable oils

A

–> Purgative (irritant)

374
Q

Phenolphtalein

A

–> Purgative (irritant) (only in primate and pigs)

375
Q

Bisacodyl

A

–> Purgative (irritant)

376
Q

Antraquinonele

A

–> Purgative (irritant)

377
Q

Danthron

A

–> Purgative (irritant)

378
Q

Enemas

A

–> Purgative (neuromuscular)

379
Q

Pepsin

A

–> Promote digestive functions

380
Q

HCl

A

–> Promote digestive functions

381
Q

Dehydrocholic acid

A

–> Promote digestive functions (bile acids)
–> Affect the liver : bile salts

382
Q

Chenodiol

A

–> Promote digestive functions (bile acids)

383
Q

Glycocholate

A

–> Affect the liver : bile salts

384
Q

Taurocholate

A

–> Affect the liver : bile salts

385
Q

Ursodeoxycholic acid

A

–> Affect the liver : bile salts

386
Q

Choline

A

–> Liver protectant
(for synthesis of phospholipids)

387
Q

S-adenosyl-1-methionine

A

–> Liver protectant

388
Q

Lecithin

A

–> Liver protectant

389
Q

Treatment for acute pancreatitis ?

A
  • Reduce pancreatic activity : atropine, anticholinergic
  • Anti-emetic : Maropitant, Ondansetron, Dolasetron
  • Analgesic : Mepredin, Butorphanol, Buprenorphine
390
Q

Treatment for chronic pancreatitis ?

A

Pancrelipase : specific pancreatic enzyme

390
Q

Metaproterenol

A

–> Bronchodilators

390
Q

Indication for bronchodilators

A

Emphysema, bronchitis, asthma

391
Q

Terbutaline

A

–> Bronchodilators

391
Q

Albuterol

A

–> Bronchodilators

391
Q

Theophylline

A

–> Bronchodilators
(only oral admin)

391
Q

Isoetharine

A

–> Bronchodilators

392
Q

Aminophylline

A

–> Bronchodilators

393
Q

Oxytriphylline

A

–> Bronchodilators

394
Q

Cromogylate

A

–> Bronchodilators (asthma, allergic reaction (rhinitis, conjunctivitis))

395
Q

Zafirlukast

A

–> Bronchodilators
–> For asthma

396
Q

Zileuton

A

–> Bronchodilators
–> For asthma

397
Q

Drug that you can use as antitussive

A
  • narcotic : hydrocodone, codeine, noscapine
  • non-narcotic : dextromethorphan (for cats), butorphanol
  • mucokinetic : sodium bicarbonate, sterile and saline water
  • expectorants : guaifenesin, guaiacol, potassium bromide
398
Q

Chlorpheniramine

A

–> Decongestants

399
Q

Mechlorethenamine

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (alkylating agent)

400
Q

Cyclophosphamide

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (alkylating agent)

401
Q

Melphalan

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (alkylating agent)
–> melanoma

402
Q

Chlorambucil

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (alkylating agent)
–> leukemia, lymphoma (dog, cat)

403
Q

Busulfan

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (alkylating agent)
–> lyeloid leukemia

404
Q

Carmustin

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (alkylating agent)
–> CNS tumors

405
Q

Lomustin

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (alkylating agent)
–> CNS tumors

406
Q

Dacarbazine

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (triazins)
–> melanoma, sarcoma, lymphoma (dog)

407
Q

Methotrexate

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (antimetabolites)
–> carcinoma, lymphoma, rheumatoid polyarthritis

408
Q

Cytrabine

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (antimetabolites)
–> lymphoreticular tumors, proliferative melanoma

409
Q

Fluorouracil

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (antimetabolites)
–> GI tumors (dog), cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (horse, dog)
–> CNS toxicity in CATS

410
Q

Mercaptopurine

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (antimetabolites)
–> leukemia, lymphoreticular tumors

411
Q

Vinblastin sulfate

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (toxic agent on cell cycle)

412
Q

Vincristine sulfate

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (toxic agent on cell cycle)
–> sexually transmissible diseases
–> neurotoxicity in CATS
–> contreindication : leukopenia, granulocytopenia

413
Q

Taxol

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (toxic agent on cell cycle)

414
Q

Mandragora (Teniposide, Etoposide)

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (toxic agent on cell cycle)

415
Q

Daunorubicin

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (toxic agent on cell cycle)

416
Q

Mitoxantrone

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (toxic agent on cell cycle)

417
Q

Doxorubicin

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (toxic agent on cell cycle)

418
Q

Bleomycin sulfate

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (toxic agent on cell cycle)
–> carcinoma (dog, cat)

419
Q

Dactinomycin

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (toxic agent on cell cycle)
–> Carcinoma, nephroblastoma, testicular tumors, sarcoma

420
Q

L-Asparginase

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (toxic agent on cell cycle)
–>lymphoma (dog)

421
Q

Cisplatin and Carboplastin

A

–> Chemo of neoplastic diseases (platinum complexes)
–> carcinoma, osteosarcoma, nasal adenocarcinoma

422
Q

Hydroxyurea

A

–> Hormone antitumor therapy (only palliative)

423
Q

Tigilanol tiglat

A

–> Hormone antitumor therapy (only palliative)
–> subcutaneous mast cell tumors

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