Pharmacology Exam 4 - Pt 2

Question 1

what effects do non-selective adrenergic blocking agents have?

Answer 1

Decrease BP, HR, increase urine output, decrease renin levels

Question 2

what is the treatment for advanced cardiac life support?

Answer 2

Shock - No Drug - Shock 2 - Epinephrine 1 mg - Shock 3 - Amiodarone 300mg - Shock 4 - Epinephrine 1 mg - Shock 5 - Amiodarone 150mg - Shock 6 - Epinephrine 1 mg - Epinephrine every 3-5 mins following

Question 3

what is the treatment for VFIB or VTACH?

Answer 3

Shock - CPR (2mins) - Shock - CPR (2mins) - Epinephrine - Shock - CPR x2 mins - Amiodarone (300mg) - Shock

Question 4

what drug treats AFIB?

Answer 4

Calcium Channel Blockers: Diltiazem (cardizem)

Question 5

what is the treatment algorithm for AFIB?

Answer 5

1. Diagnosis of Atrial Fibrillation
2. Are they hemodynamically stable?
   A. Stable - Start on Diltiazem
   B. Unstable - cardioverted
3. Convert to sinus rhythm; assess what happened to cause

Question 6

what is the treatment drug for supraventricular tachycardia and the dosage provided?

Answer 6

Adenosine
1st Dose - 1-6mg rapid over 1-3 secs
2nd Dose - 20mL saline bolus
Given for a HR above 225bpm

Question 7

Describe the algorithm for describing treating supraventricular tachycardia?

Answer 7

Push IV Adenosine - drug will immediately stop heart w/ BOOM
1. Stable = new drug
2. Unstable = cardioverted

Question 8

what is the drug and dosage for treatment of severe bradycardia?

Answer 8

Atropine
1st Dose - 0.5mg IV push
Repeat every 3-5mins for max of 3mg

Question 9

what do antiplatelets do?

Answer 9

decrease formation of platelet plugs by interfering with the “stickiness”

Question 10

what are important considerations and pt teaching for antiplatelets?

Answer 10

1. check for signs of bleeding / bruising
2. wear medical bracelet
3. drug MUST be stopped 5-7 days before surgery

Question 11

what are anticoagulants

Answer 11

interfere with the clotting cascade process and thrombin formation

Question 12

what are signs of possible bleeding with anticoagulants

Answer 12

Black or bloody stool
Coughing blood
Headache
Abdominal pain
Pink urine

Question 13

When do you prescribe thrombolytics?

Answer 13

CT scan = Ischemic Stroke
only given in the ICU via IV dose

Question 14

megaloblastic anemia

Answer 14

insufficient B12 or folic acid

Question 15

sickle cell anemia

Answer 15

fewer than normal rbcs in sickle form

Question 16

what are important teachings when using iron medications?

Answer 16

Separate iron and other meds by 2hrs
Never take iron w/ milk, antacids, coffee

Question 17

what disorder can heparin be used for

Answer 17

PE - decreases clotting ability
PTT lab before administration*