Pharmacology (Drugs) Flashcards
Give an example of a drug which will block 5-lipoxygenase pathways
Montelukast or Zafirlukast
Give an example of a drug which through regular use can reduce bronchial reactivity but should only be used prophalactically
Sodium cromoglicate or Nedocromil Sodium
What is the name of the Monoclonal antibody to IgE
Omalizumab
Give 2 anti-IL-5 drugs
Mepolizumab or Reslizumab
Give 2 anti-IL-13 drugs
Tralokinumab or Lebrikizumab
What corticosteroid should be used to treat mild athsma daily?
Beclomethasone
What corticosteroid should be used to treat stronger athsma daily?
Fluticasome
What oral corticosteroid should be used to treat severe athsma and how is it taken?
Prednisolone is taken orally
What IV corticosteroid should be used to treat severe athsma?
Hydrocortisone
Give an example of an anti muscarinic
Ipratorpium, Oxitropium, Tiotropium, ect
Give 2 examples of B2 agonists
Salbutamol and Salmeterol
Give 3 examples of PDE inhibitors used for COPD and asthma
Theophylline, aminophylline or Roflumilast
Give a β-adrenoceptor antagonist used to treat Hypertension
Atenolol
Give a α-adrenoceptor antagonist
Doxazosin
Give a α₂-adrenergic agonist
Clonidine
Give 2 examples of ACE inhibitors
Ramipril, Captopril
Give 2 angiotensin II receptor antagonists
Candesartan, Iosartan
Give 2 Thiazide diuretics
Bendroflumethazide and metolazone
Give 2 Loop diuretics
Furosemide, Bumetanide
Why would you use a loop diuretic over a thiazide diuretic?
Loop Diuretics are better suited in more extreme cases of pulmonary oedema while Thiazide diuretics are more prophylactic
Give 2 potassium-sparing diuretics
amiloride, spironolactone
Give an example of a K+-sparing diuretic
Co-amilofruse
Give an example of a Calcium channel antagonist
amlodipine, verapamil
Give 2 examples of potassium channel openers
minoxidil and Verapamil
What cardiac glycoside is recommended for use in heart failure?
Digoxin
What Pulmonary Vasodilator should be used in heart failure?
Milrinone, it is a PDE inhibitor
What B-adrenoceptor antagonist can be used in cases of heart failure?
Bisoprolol
What drugs can be used to inhibit platelet aggregation in acture coronary syndrome?
Aspirin, clopidogrel, dipyridamole, abciximab
Why may an LMW heparin be used over a unfractionated heparin?
Longer half life
Give 2 examples of LMW Heparins
Enoxaparin, Dalteparin
Gove an example of a Direct thrombin inhibitor you can use kn Acute Coronary syndrome
Dabigatran
Give an example of a Direct factor X inhibitor used in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Rivaroxaban
Give an example of a Vitamin K antagonist
Warfarin
What are Vitamin K antagomists used for?
Used as anticoagulants
Give 3 examples of thrombolytics used in actue coronary sydrome
Streptokinase, alteplase, tenecteplase
When should thrombolytics be used?
To break up clots which are blocking affected arterys
Give 3 examples of statins
Simvastatin, Atorvaststin, Rosuvaststin
Give 2 examples of Fibrates
Fenofibrate, gemfibrozil
What do fibrates do?
Lower triglyceride levels in the blood
Give examples for drugs in each of the 4 classes of anti-arrhythmic drugs
Class 1: lidocaine
Class 2: Bisoprolol or Atenolol
Class 3: amiodarone
Class 4: amlodopine
What are the 4 classes of anti-arrhythmic drugs?
Class 1: Sodium channel blockers
Class 2: Beta Blockers
Class 3: potassium channel blockers
Class 4: calcium channel blockers
Give 2 Anti-histamines
Chlorphenamine, Cetrizine
Give 2 examples of Opioids used for cough suppression
Dextromethorphan and Codeine
What antidepressants works to cure smoking addiction and how?
Bupropion acts as an inhibitor of dopamine reuptake increasing permanent conc of dopamine.
Varenicline works as a partial agonist at central nicotine’s receptors, competing for nicotine receptor binding and decreasing do-amine produced
What
