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COMAT - Psych > Pharmacology - Antipsychotics > Flashcards

Pharmacology - Antipsychotics Flashcards

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1
Q

(+) symptoms are due to what chemical inbalance?

A

Increased Dopamine

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2
Q

(-) symptoms are due to what chemical inbalance?

A

Increased Serotonin

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3
Q

Typical Antipsychotics (1st Gen) have what MOA?

A

Dopamine Antagonists

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4
Q

What are the 2 HIGH potency Typical Antipsychotics?

A

Haloperidol
Fluphenazine

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5
Q

What are the 2 HIGH potency Typical Antipsychotics?

A

Haloperidol
Fluphenazine

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6
Q

What are the 2 LOW potency Typical Antipsychotics?

A

Thioridazine
Chlorpromazine

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7
Q

What are the 2 LOW potency Typical Antipsychotics?

A

Thioridazine
Chlorpromazine

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8
Q

If EPS (extrapyramidal symptoms) arise with use of Typical Antipsychotics, what pathway is altered?

A

Nigrostriatal

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9
Q

If EPS arise with use of Typical Antipsychotics, what is the treatment?

A

Anti-cholinergic medications

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10
Q

Akathisia

A

Feeling restless - urge to move

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11
Q

If a patient is on a Dopamine Antagonist and develops extreme restlessness, what do they have?

A

Akathisia

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12
Q

Acute Dystonia

A

Muscle contraction

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13
Q

If a patient is on a Dopamine Antagonist and develops a sustained muscle contraction, what do they have?

A

Acute Dystonia

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14
Q

Dyskinesia is a possible EPS with Typical Antipsychotics. What will it mimic?

A

Parkinson’s like features

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15
Q

What is the most severe and permanent EPS with use of Typical Antipsychotics?

A

Tardive Dyskinesia

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16
Q

Describe Tardive Dyskinesia

A

Facial movements
- Grimacing
- Lip/tongue smacking

17
Q

Typical Antipsychotics (1st Gen) can also affect what endocrine related pathway?

A

Tubuloinfundibular

18
Q

What are the possible endocrine related side effects of Dopamine Antagonists?

A

Galactorrhea
Amenorrhea
Gynecomastia

19
Q

How do Dopamine Antagonists cause Galactorrhea/Amenorrhea/Gynecomastia?

A

Dopamine normally inhibits the release of Prolactin
–> If Dopamine is blocked, then there will be an increase in Prolactin release

20
Q

Atypical Antipsychotics (2nd Gen) have what MOA?

A

Dopamine AND Serotonin Antagonists

21
Q

List 4 common Atypical Antipsychotics

A

Quetiapine
Olanzapine
Risperidone
Clozapine

22
Q

List 3 side effects of Quetiapine

A

Somnolence
Weight gain
QTC prolongation

23
Q

List 3 side effects of Olanzapine

A

Weight gain
Diabetes Mellitus
QTC prolongation

24
Q

What is the very LAST option when treating with Atypical Antipsychotics?

A

Clozapine

25
Q

What is the major side effect of Clozapine?

A

Agranulocytosis

26
Q

In a normal patient, what drug class should be chosen?

A

Atypical Antipsychotics
= Dopamine and Serotonin Antagonists

27
Q

In an Agitated patient, what 2 drugs should be used?

A

Haloperidol
Olanzapine

28
Q

What 2 drugs have oral dissolving forms for those that won’t take pills?

A

Olanzapine
Risperidone

29
Q

For noncompliant patients, what is a good route of administration?

A

Depot

30
Q

If all else fails, what drug should you choose?

A

Clozapine

COMAT - Psych (11 decks)

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