Pharmacology

Question 1

What is a hospital drug kartex?

Answer 1

An in-hospital prescription that instructs a person in hospital to administer drugs to a patient.
Not the same as a community prescription

Question 2

What is pharmacodynamics?

Answer 2

What the drug does to our bodies

Question 3

What is pharmacokinetics?

Answer 3

What our bodies do to the drugs

Question 4

Describe the dose-effect relationship.

Answer 4

Effect increases as concentration increases, but only to a certain point where a plateau is seen.

Question 5

How can pharmacokinetics be broken down?

Answer 5

Absorption - route/quality of absorption
Distribution- effectiveness of the spread throughout the body, how it reaches its target
Metabolism- how the drug is activated/deactivated via metabolism in the body
Excretion- how the body eliminates the drug

Question 6

What are the phases of drug development?

Answer 6

Pre-clinical development
-basic understanding
-molecule screening
-animal testing
Clinical Trials
-phase 1- initial studies in healthy humans
-phase 2- initial studies in disease
-phase 3- efficacy studies
-phase 4- post market surveillance

Question 7

In what phase of drug development are the efficacy of the drug assessed?

Answer 7

Phase 3

Question 8

What are important characteristics of phase 3 studies?

Answer 8

Randomised
Placebo
Patient/Investigator Blinded
Representative 
Appropriately powered

Question 9

What are the types of phase 3 trials?

Answer 9

Superiority

Non-Inferiority trials

Question 10

What information is gained from phase 4 studies?

Answer 10

Observational studies of unexpected problems
Info about real-world use
Frequency of adverse effects