Pharmacology Flashcards
Drug that can cause facial flushing and pleuritis
Niacin (adenosine can also cause flushing)
Statins inhibit
HMG CoA Reductase
What is the name of the one ganglionic blocker that we need to know for the CV system?
Trimethaphan
Which artery supplies the SA and AV nodes?
RCA
Drug that can cause myalgia, myopathy, and hepatotoxicity
Statins
What is Mecamylamine (Inversine) used for clinically?
Mecamylamine (Inversine) is an orhpan drug that is FDA approved for Tourette’s syndrome, a nicotinic-responsive psychiatric disorder.
When do coronary arteries fill?
During diastole
Prevents absorption of Cho in gut
Ezetimibe
On what type of receptors do ganglionic blockers act as antagonists?
Ganglionic blockers are antagonists of the cholinergic nicotinic (Nn) receptors (henceforth knows as nAchR).
What inhibits the Na/K ATPase creating less extracellular Ca and more intracellular thus increasing contractility?
Digoxin/digitalis
Example of IA anti arrhythmic drugs.
procainamide
What neurotransmitter do ganglionic blockers antagonize?
acetylcholine (Ach)
How to calculate EF?
What heart can pump out over what can hold. SV/EDV.
Mech and result of IA arrhythmic drugs.
block of Na channel (as well as K). This prolongs AP.
What is the mechanism of action for ganglionic blockers?
They compete with Ach for receptor binding. When they bind, they prevent the opening of Na+ and K+ channels (preventing depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane by the initial ESPS)
2 Equations for CO
CO = SV X HR. CO= rate of O2 consumption / (arterial O2 - Venous O2)
Drugs that can disrupt digoxin?
Quinidine and Verapamil
How are nAchR different in structure/function than muscarinic Ach receptors (mAchR)?
The nAchR are ligand-gated ion channels whereas the mAchR are G protein receptors
Equation for SV
EDV-ESV
What is the reversing agent for Digoxin?
Antibody for Digoxin
Where are nAchR located (pre- or postganglionic as well as where in the body)?
nAchR are present on the post-ganglionic membrane in the somatic nerves, skeletal muscle, sympathetic chain ganglia (autonomic ganglia), the adrenal medulla, and certain areas in the brain.
Do polycythemia, hyper proteinemic states, hereditary spherocytosis increase or decrease resistance in vessel?
Increase resistance because increase viscosity.
What is dobutamine and what does it do?
Beta 1 agonist. Increases HR and Contractility
Why aren’t ganglionic blockers used much clinically?
Lots of side effect. The inhibition of nAchRs cause global effects (as seen by all the places nAchR are present). It’s hard to address the action against one ganglia and not the others.