Pharmacology

Question 1

Phenytoin toxicity

Answer 1

horizontal nystagmus, ataxia, confusion

Question 2

Lithium toxicitity

Answer 2

seizures, hyperreflexia, tremors, vomiting, diarrhea

Question 3

neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Answer 3

AMS
muscle rigidity
fever >40
autonomic instability

Dantrolene if supportive fails

Question 4

salicylate toxicity

Answer 4

normal pH

respiratory alkalosis with metabolic acidosis (due to uncoupling of electron transport)

Question 5

Foscarnet

Answer 5

ganciclovir drug-resistant CMV

Question 6

Mupirocin

Answer 6

treats nasal colonization of MRSA

Question 7

b-blocker toxicity

Answer 7

WHEEZING
AV block
brachycardia
REVERSE WITH GLUCAGON

Question 8

atropine mechanism

Answer 8

reversible competitive antagonist of MUSCARINIC ACh receptors

Question 9

Pyridostigmine mechanism

Answer 9

inhibits cholinesterase to increase ACh (DOESNOT cross BBB)

Question 10

Fibrates

Answer 10

Used to reduce isolated hypertriglyceridemia

Rarely used in conjunction with statins

Question 11

complications of antithyroid meds

Answer 11

agranulocytosis
PTU: liver damage, ANCA vasculitis
Methimazole: cholestasis; teratogen

Question 12

complications of radioactive iodine

Answer 12

could worsen ophthamopathy from antibody

Question 13

Tricyclic overdose

Answer 13

anticholinergic effects
cardiac effects on sodium channel
inhibits fast sodium channels
QRS over 100ms requires sodium bicarb (REDUCES action on cardiac sodium channels but changing pH and thereby drug avidity to channel)