Neurology

Question 1

Akathisia

Answer 1

Sensation of restlessness prompting a patient to move frequently

Question 2

Athetosis

Answer 2

Slow writhing movement usually of the hands and feet characteristic of Huntington’s

Question 3

Dystonia

Answer 3

Contraction of muscle causing twisting or abnormal posture

Question 4

Myoclonus

Answer 4

Involuntary jerking of muscle

Question 5

Hemiballismus

Answer 5

Unilateral violent arm flinging caused by damage to contralateral subthalamic nucleus

Question 6

Trigeminal neuralgia distribution and treatment

Answer 6

Usually V2 or V3

Treat with carbamazepine

Question 7

Why facial infections can cause cavernous venous thrombosis

Answer 7

The facial/ophthalmic venous drainage system does not have valves

Question 8

Shy Drager syndrome

Answer 8

Parkinsonianism with autonomic dysfunction (primarily orthostatic hypotension)

Question 9

Area damaged in hemineglect

Answer 9

Right (non-dominant) parietal lobe

Question 10

Familial dysautonomia name

Answer 10

Riley-Day syndrome

Question 11

Cause and complication of pseudotumor cerebri

Answer 11

Impaired absorption of CSF by arachnoid villi leading to increased ICP
Primary complication is blindness
Treatment is weight reduction or acetazolamide

Question 12

Dejerine-Roussy syndrome

Answer 12

Thalamic stroke

Recovery has delayed episodic severe pain with ongoing parasthesias

Question 13

buzzword for subarachnoid hemorrhage

Answer 13

thunderclap headache (onset to max within 1 min)
most commonly due to ruptured berry aneurysms

Question 14

apraxia

Answer 14

inability to perform particular purposeful actions

Question 15

MS tipoffs

Answer 15

temporally disseminated neuro defects
Uhthoff phenomenon where high temp makes symptoms worse
Lesions in white matter on T2 MRI (usually periventricular)

Question 16

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

Answer 16

Dix-hallpike maneuver (head 45 degrees, suddenly lower to supine position)
Fix with Epley maneuver

Question 17

lacunar infarct

Answer 17

lipohyalinosis
highly turbulence vessels
usually internal capsule infarct (pure motor)

Question 18

cardioembolic stroke locations

Answer 18

multiple infarcts at grey-white junctions

Question 19

cause of NPH

Answer 19

decreased CSF absorption through arachnoid granulations

TREAT WITH SHUNTS

Question 20

treatment of MS

Answer 20

Mild = nothing
medium - treat with steroids
severe (not steroid responsive) - plasmapheresis

Maintain on interferon beta and glatiramer