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Transition Block > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

what is the principal organ of drug excretion

A

kidney

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2
Q

what is acid’s relationship with protons

A

acid donates protons

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3
Q

what is base’s relationship with protons

A

bases accept protons

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4
Q

Henderson hasslebach equation for acids

A

pKa - pH = log(AH/A-)

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5
Q

Henderson hasslebach equation for bases

A

pKa - pH = log(BH+/B)

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6
Q

what facilitates the absorption of weak acids

A

pH of stomach lumen

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7
Q

where are bases absorbed

A

small intestine

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8
Q

what form of drug moves readily by diffusion

A

unionised drugs

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9
Q

what is the reducing agent in a reaction

A

the one that is oxidised i.e. the one that loses electrons

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10
Q

what is the oxidising agent in a reaction

A

the one that is reduced i.e. gains an electron

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11
Q

what drugs can cause hyperkalaemia

A

ACE/ARBs
spironolactone
NSAIDs

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12
Q

what is Km

A

concentration at which drug works at half of Vmax

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13
Q

what is Vmax

A

concentration at which the drug is having maximal effect

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14
Q

effect of rifampicin on ethylestriadol

A

unchanged Km and higher Vmax

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15
Q

sildenafil and isosorbide mononitrate leads to what

A

postural hypotension

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16
Q

what can exacerbate gout when px is on allopurinol

A

furosemide

17
Q

pain relief in OA if patient is on warfarin

A

paracetamol

18
Q

tx paracetamol overdose

A

IV N acetylcysteine

19
Q

how long before surgery does warfarin need to be stoped

A

5 days

20
Q

does omeprazole need to be used with caution in patients with impaired renal function

A

no

21
Q

when is steady state plasma concentration achieved for a drug with first order kinetics

A

when the rate of administration equals rate of elimination

22
Q

what does knowledge of volume of distribution help you calculate

A

loading dose

Transition Block (8 decks)

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