Pharmacology Flashcards
Potent CYP450 enzyme inhibitor drugs includes (Remember MACCC)
- Macrolides (erythromycin, clarithromycin)
- Antifungals (ketoconazole, fluconazole)
- Cisapride (propulsid - pull off the U.S market)
- Cimetidine (Tagamet)
- Citaprolam (Celexa)
Patients with both hypertension and osteoporosis have an extra benefit from ________ because they decrease calcium excretion by the kidney and stimulate osteoclast formation.
- Thiazides
What is an alternative to patients who have a serious sulfa allergy and CANNOT take hydrochlorothiazides?
- Potassium-Sparing diurectics
- Triamterene/Dyrenium
- Amiloride/Midamor
- Spironolactone/Aldactone
What adverse effects do ACE-I and ARBs have
- Angioedema
- ACE-I associated cough
- Hyerkalemia
1st line treatment for hypertension in non-black diabetics
- ACE-I or ARBs (renal protectors)
Hypertensive drugs that is also 1st line for Raynaud’s Phenomenon
- Calcium Channel Blockers (Amlodipine, Diltiazem/Cardizem, Nifedipine/Procardia)
Alpha Blockers, Beta Blockers, and Calcium Channel Blockers are contraindicated in:
- AV Block (2nd and 3rd degree block)
- Bradycardia
- CHF
Respiratory contraindications of Beta Blockers include:
- Asthma
* COPD
Beta Blockers blunts this response, therefore diabetics need to be warned.
- Hypoglycemic response (May not show signs until at dangerous level)
A good alternative antibiotic for PCN allergy, for gram positive bacteria is:
- Macrolides (Clarithromycin, Azithromycin)
In patient with Mononucleosis and Strep, which medications should they avoid
- Amoxicillin
- Ampicillin
- They can take Penicillin, if not allergic, or Macrolides if PCN allergy*
Maximum dose of Clarithromycin is:
- 250mg
If a patient complains of G.I upset with erythromycin (Macrolides), which antibiotic is a good alternative
- Azythromycin (Macrolide) if their is no Macrolide allergy
* G.I upset is not an allergy to Marcolides, it is an adverse effect usually associated with Erythromycin.
- May cause permanent discoloration of teeth and skeletal defects if taken during the last half of pregnancy
- Generally used to treat acne starting at age 13
- Tetracyclines
1st line treatment for chlamydia and “Atypical” bacterial infections
- Doxycycline PO B.I.D (Tetracycline)