H.E.E.N.T Flashcards
1
Q
- Acute onset of severe eye pain, photophobia, and blurred vision in one eye.
- “Fern-like” lines in the corneal surface are a positive sign.
- Infection permanently damages corneal epithelium, which may result in corneal blindness.
A
- Herpes Keratitis
2
Q
Diagnostics for Herpes Keratitis is:
A
- Fluorescein Dye, and…
* Black lamp in a darkened room
3
Q
- An ophthalmologic emergency
* Acute onset of severe eye pain, accompanied by headache, nausea/vomiting, halos around lights, and decreased vision.
A
- Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma
4
Q
What does the examination of “acute angle-closure” glaucoma reveal?
A
- Examination reveals a mid-dilated pupil (oval shape)
- Fundoscopic exam reveals cupping of optic nerve
- Cloudy corneas
5
Q
- Cauliflower like growth accompanied by foul-smelling ear discharge.
- Hearing loss reported on affected ear.
- Tympanic membrane ad ossicles are NOT VISIBLE.
- NON-CANCEROUS
A
- Cholesteatoma
6
Q
- Cholesteatoma is associated with
A
- History of chronic Otitis Media
7
Q
- Bilateral condition manifesting as a white ring around the cornea.
- It is a benign variant in the elderly
- It is associated with ↑ cholesterol and ↑ triglycerides in the young adult
A
- Arcus Senilis
8
Q
- Common “NON-CANCEROUS” growth of the conjunctiva.
- A yellow triangular thickening of the bulbar conjunctiva.
- Located on the “inner and outer margins of the cornea”
- May be associated with long-term sunlight
A
- Pinguecula
9
Q
- Severe sore throat and difficulty swallowing
- One-sided swelling of the peri-tonsilar area and soft palate.
- Uvula is displaced to one side
- Accompanied by fever, chills, malaise.
A
- Peri-tonsilar abscess.
* Refer to ED
10
Q
- An acute onset of a bruise behind the ear, over the mastoid process
- Normal seen after a recent trauma
- Indicates a fracture of the basilar skull
A
- Battle Sign
11
Q
If a basilar skull fracture is noted, what should the practitioner check for?
A
- Check for CSF FLUID. It can slowly leak through the fracture
12
Q
- Sore throat and “low-grade” fever
- Markedly swollen neck (bull neck)
- Hoarseness and dysphagia
- A “Pseudomembrane” is located on the pharynx, uvula, tonsils, and soft palate.
A
- Diptheria
13
Q
- A yellow triangular thickening of the conjunctiva that extends on the “nasal or temporal” side of the cornea.
- Caused by UV light damage
A
- Pterygium
14
Q
- Sore red eyes with increase tearing
- No reports of purulent discharge
- Higher risk with autoimmune disorders (RA, lupus, ankylosing spondylitis), sarcoidosis, and syphilis.
A
- Anterior Uveitis
15
Q
Part of the eye that is responsible for color and night vision
A
- Cones (also responsible for high spatial acuity)
16
Q
What is a normal result of the Rinne Test
A
- Air conduction is greater than bone conduction
17
Q
The Cover/Uncover test is used to screen for?
A
- Strasismus
18
Q
Vertical nystagmus is _______, but horizontal nystagmus after a lateral gaze is ________
A
- Vertical Nystagmus is Abnormal
* Horizontal (a few beats) is Normal
19
Q
Peripheral vision is examined with the:
A
- Visual fields of confrontation
20
Q
Legal blindness is considered when
A
- Best corrected vision is 20/200
* Visual field is less than 20 degrees
21
Q
The area of the eye that determines 20/20 vision
A
Fovea (Macula and Fovea)
22
Q
- White spots that appear on the surface and under the tongue.
- May be cancerous.
- A sign in patients with a history of chewing tobacco
A
Leukoplakia
23
Q
- Normal range of Intraocular Pressure is
A
- 10-22mm Hg
24
Q
- 1st line Pharmacological treatment for Otitis Externa is:
A
- Topical floroquinolones (Ciprodex) or,…
* Cortisporin (Neomycin and Hydrocortisone)
25
Q
- Common bacteria found in Otitis Externa is:
A
- Pseudomonas
26
Q
Over the counter treatment for Cerumenosis is:
A
- Carbamide Peroxide
27
Q
- Which medications should always be avoided in patients with Mononucleosis?
A
- Amoxicillin or Ampicillin (they may cause a generalized rash).
- The rash is not an allergic reaction, just a reaction to the Epstein Barr Virus.
28
Q
- Fissures and cracks on the corners of a patients mouth.
- Various oral or peri-oral infections of the mouth
- Commonly associated with Malnutrition, HIV, Advanced Age, or Immunocompromised states.
- Also known as Angular Stomatitis, Perleche, or Cheiliosis.
A
- Angular Cheilitis.
29
Q
- The various oral or peri-oral infections of the mouth related to “Angular Cheilitis”, “Angular Stomatitis”, “Perleche”, or “Cheiliosis” are caused by what type of bug?
A
- Candida bugs
30
Q
- Ototoxic medications include:
A
- Aspirin
- Aminoglycosides
- Vancomycin
- Erythromycin
- Loop diuretics (Furosemide)
- Anti-malarial medications
- Erectile dysfunction medications
31
Q
- Nasal Congestion
- Purulent Nasal Discharge
- Maxillary Tooth Pain/Discomfort
- Facial Pain and Pressure (Both are worse with bending forward)
- The above mentioned are indicative of*
A
- Acute Rhinosinusitis
32
Q
- A virus that causes a triad of fatigue, pharyngitis, and lymphadenopathy.
- Peak ages of acute infection are between ages of 15 and 24 years of age.
- After acute infection, the virus lies latent in the oropharygeal tissues.
A
- Infectious Mononucleosis.
33
Q
- Signs and Symptoms of Infectious Mononucleosis includes:
A
- Fatigue.
- Pharyngitis…Sore Throat.
- Lymphadenopathy..Enlarged Postcervical lymph nodes.
- Splenomegaly and Hepatomegaly - may have abdominal pain.
34
Q
- The main organism found in Mononucleosis is?
A
- Epstein Barr Virus.
35
Q
- How is Mononucleosis shed/transmitted?
A
- Via saliva.
