Integumentary Flashcards
1
Q
- An expanding red rash with central clearing that resembles a target.
- Has a “Bulls-Eye” appearance that usually appears with 7 to 14 days after a deer tick bite (ranges from 3 to 30 days).
- Accompanied by “flu-like” symptoms
- Rash feels hot to touch with a rough texture
- The rash/lesions spontaneously resolve in a few weeks.
- This is more common in NorthEastern regions of the U.S
A
- Erythema Migrans (Early Lime Disease)
2
Q
- Where are the common sites/locations of “Early Lime Disease/Erythema Migrans” ?
A
- Belt Line/Waist
- Axillary area
- Behind the knees
- Groin area
3
Q
- Numerous round, dry, red-colored lesions with a rough texture.
- Most often found on elderly, fair-skinned adults, with light-colored eyes.
- It is a PRECANCEROUS lesion of “squamous cell carcinoma.
- Patients with early childhood history of severe sunburn are at higher risk for squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, and melanoma.
A
- Actinic Keratosis
4
Q
- Common sites for Actinic Keratosis include:
A
- Sun exposed areas such as:
- Cheeks
- Nose
- Face
- Neck
- Arms
- Back
5
Q
- This is most common type of melanoma in African Americans and Asians.
- It is a subtype of melanoma
- Dark brown to black lesions are located on the nailbeds (subungal), palmar, and plantar surfaces.
- Subungal melanomas look like longitudinal brown to black bands on the nailbeds.
A
- Acral Lentiginous Melanoma
6
Q
- This rash looks like small red spots (petechiae) and starts to erupt on both the hands and palms, feet and soles, rapidly progressing toward the trunk, until it become generalized.
- The rashes appear on the 3rd day after the onset of a high fever (103 to 105 degree) accompanied by a severe headache and myalgia, conjunctival injection, nausea and vomiting, and arthralgia.
A
- Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
7
Q
- The highest incidence of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever occur where?
A
- Southeastern and South central areas
* During the spring and early summer seasons.
8
Q
- How is meningococcemia spread?
A
- Aerosol droplet
9
Q
- Risk factors of Melanoma include:
A
- Family history
- Extensive/Intensive sunlight exposure
- Blistering sunburn in childhood
- Tanning beds
- High Nevi/Nevus count or Atypical Nevi/Nevus
- Fair skinned and Light Eyes
10
Q
Which drugs are associated with Steven Johnson Syndrome?
A
- Penicillin
- Sulfas
- Barbiturates
- Phenytoin (Dilantin)
- ** HIV patients have a 40-fold increased risk of SJS due to Bactrim, compared with the general population.***
11
Q
- A bacterial infections of the sebaceous glands of the axilla (or groin) by “Staphyllococcus Aerus” (which is gram-positive) that frequently becomes chronic.
- It is marked by flare ups and resolutions.
- Usually both axillae are involved.
- The chronic infections usually leaves sinus tracks and scars.
A
- Hidradenitis Suppurativa
12
Q
- Treatment for Hidradenitis Suppurativa includes:
A
- Augmentin (Amoxicillin/Clavulanate) p.o BID x 10days, or…
- Dicloxacillin p.o TID x 10 days.
- Use antibacterial soap on axillae and groin areas.
- Avoid underarm deodorant during acute phase
13
Q
- Acute superficial skin infection caused by gram-positive bacteria such as strep pyogenes or S. Aureus.
- VERY CONTAGIOUS
- Maculopapular lesions with yellow serous fluid and HONEY COLORED crusts
- More common in children and teens
A
- Impetigo/Pyoderma
14
Q
- Treatment for Impetigo includes:
A
- Keflex (Cephalexin) QID or Dicloxacillin QID x 10 days
* PCN allergy: Macrolide (Azithromycin 250mg x 5 days), or clindamycin x 10 days.
15
Q
- 1st line pharmacological treatment for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever is?
A
- Doxycycline (a tetracycline)
16
Q
- Acute local bacterial infection of the proximal or lateral nail folds (cuticle) that resolves after abscess drainage.
- Most common locations are index finger and thumb.
- Usually reports a history of a hang nail.
A
- Paronychia
17
Q
- The causative agents of Paronychia include:
A
- Staph Aureus
- Sreptococci
- Pseudomonas
18
Q
- Oval lesions, with fine scales that follow skin lines (cleavage lines) of the trunk or a “Christmas Tree” pattern.
- Salmon-pink color in Caucasians/Whites.
- A “HERALDS PATCH” is the 1st lesion to appear and the largest in size. (it appears 2 weeks before full breakout).
- It is self-limited and the cause is unknown.
A
- Pityriasis Rosea
19
Q
- Tinea Pedis is known as
A
- Athletes Foot
20
Q
- Ring-like pruritic rashes with collarette of fine scales that slowly enlarge with some central clearing.
A
- Tinea Corporis (Ringworm of the body)
21
Q
- Peri-anal and groin area area pruritic red rashes with fine scales.
- May be mistaken for candida infection (beefy, bright red rashes with satellite lesions)
A
- Tinea Cruris (Jock Itch)
22
Q
- Inflammation and infection of the sebaceous glands.
- Found mostly on the face, shoulders, chest, and back.
- Highest incidence during puberty and adolescence.
- Has multifactorial causes: High androgen levels, bacterial infections, and/or genetic influences.
A
- Acne Vulgaris (Common Acne)
23
Q
- Mild Acne Vulgaris such as blackheads, small papules, and small pustules are treated with:
A
- Topical Retin-A 0.25% (a topical isotretinoin)
- Benzoyl peroxide with erythromycin
- Clindamycin topical cream
24
Q
- Treatment for Moderate Acne Vulgaris includes:
A
- Same as mild acne, but switch antibiotics to Tetracyclines.
- Topical Retin-A (Retonic Acid 0.25%)
- Benzamycin (Benzoyl peroxide with erythromycin)
- Tetracycline
