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PHARMACOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

Prevents the creation of new clots

A

Anti-coagulants

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2
Q

Classic Hemophilia: clotting factor missing / deficient

A

Factor 8

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3
Q

Christmas Hemophilia: clotting factor missing / deficient

A

Factor 9

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4
Q

Rosenthal Syndrome: clotting factor missing / deficient

A

Factor 11

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5
Q

Most common hereditary blood-clotting disorder

A

Von-Willebrand Disease

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6
Q

Antidote: Heparin

A

Protamine Sulfate

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7
Q

Antidote: Warfarin

A

Vitamin K

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8
Q

Fast onset anti-coagulant

A

Heparin

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9
Q

Slow onset anti-coagulant

A

Warfarin

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10
Q

Emergency anti-coagulant

A

Heparin

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11
Q

Maintenance anti-coagulant

A

Warfarin

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12
Q

Half-life: Warfarin

A

42 hrs

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13
Q

Half-life: Heparin

A

1-2 hrs

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14
Q

What to WOF in Heparin SQ

A

Hematoma, ecchymosis, inflammation

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15
Q

What to assess for in anti-coagulant administration

A

Signs of bleeding and hemorrhage

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16
Q

How often do you monitor platelet count throughout anti-coagulant therapy?

A

2-3 days

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17
Q

What is contraindicated while on anticoagulant therapy?

A

Aspirin and NSAIDs

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18
Q

What route to avoid in administering other meds while on anti-coagulant therapy

A

IM

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19
Q

(N) PTT: Heparin

A

60-70 secs

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20
Q

PTT: >70 secs indicates

A

Bleeding

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21
Q

PTT: <60 secs indicates

A

Thrombosis

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22
Q

(N) PT: Warfarin

A

9-12 secs

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23
Q

Therapeutic Range: Warfarin

24
Q

(N) APTT: Heparin

A

20-36 secs

25
Q

Warfarin is contraindicated in?

26
Q

What to WOF in Heparin

A

HIT (Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia)

27
Q

Examples of LMWH (Low-molecular weight Heparin)

A

Enoxaparin
Dalteparin

28
Q

Example of DTI (Direct Thrombin Inhibitor)

A

Dabigatran

29
Q

Warfarin: Factor Xa Inhibitors:

A

Rivaroxaban
Apixaban

30
Q

Heparin: Factor Xa Inhibitor:

A

Fondaparinux

31
Q

APTT: w/o Heparin

32
Q

APTT: w/ Heparin

33
Q

Heparin: Onset

34
Q

Heparin: Peak

35
Q

Heparin SQ: Onset | Peak | Duration

A

20-60 min
2 hrs
8-12 hrs

36
Q

Heparin IV: Onset | Peak | Duration

A

Immediate
5-10 min
2-6 hrs

37
Q

Warfarin PO: Onset | Peak | Duration

A

36-72 hrs
5-7 days
2-5 days

38
Q

Warfarin: Onset

39
Q

Heparin: Monitor / compute for control time

A

• Get baseline APTT / PTT / PT
• Multiply baseline 1.5 & 2.0

40
Q

Warfarin: Monitor / compute for control time

A

• Get baseline APTT/ PTT / PT
• Multiply baseline 1.25 & 2.25

41
Q

Heparin A/E: GI

A

Drug- induded Hepatitis

42
Q

Heparin A/E: Derma

A

Alopecia (long term use) | Rashes | Urticaria

43
Q

Heparin A/E: Hema

A

Bleeding | HIT | Anemia

44
Q

Heparin A/E: Musculo

A

Osteoporosis (long-term use)

45
Q

Warfarin A/E: Derma

A

Dermal necrosis

46
Q

Warfarin A/E: GI

A

Cramps | Nausea

47
Q

Warfarin A/E: GU

A

Calciphylaxis

48
Q

Warfarin A/E: Hema

49
Q

Dissolve / Destory Clot: Clot buster

A

Thrombolytics

50
Q

Converts plasminogen to plasmin

51
Q

Given to people with ischemic stroke

52
Q

Antidote: Thrombolytics

A

Aminocaproic Acid (Amicar)

53
Q

Half-life: Alteplase

54
Q

Half-life: Streptokinase

A

Initially 18 min, then 83 min

55
Q

Half-life: Reteplase

56
Q

Half-life: Tenecteplase

A

Initial phase: 20-24 min
Terminal phase: 90-130

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