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PUT a 🌟 > MS-RESPI > Flashcards

MS-RESPI Flashcards

1
Q

Condition caused by excessive (+) pressure in the pleural space

A

Pneumothorax

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2
Q

A/E of Pneumothorax:

A

ARDS

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3
Q

Cardinal sign of Pneumothorax:

A

• Absent/decreased breath sound in either 1 or 2 lungs
• Bilateral/asymmetrical chest movement

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4
Q

It is d/t multiple blunt trauma or rib fracture leading to a loose chest wall

A

Flail chest

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5
Q

Cardinal sign of flail chest

A

Paradoxical breathing

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6
Q

Most common type of Pneumothorax

A

Closed (Spontaneous/Simple)

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7
Q

Leading risk factor of closed pneumothorax

A

Ruptured bleb/bullae

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8
Q

Primary management for closed pneumothorax

A

Thoracentesis

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9
Q

What needle gauge is used for thoracentesis

A

G14-16

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10
Q

It is due to open chest wound/cavity from a penetrating trauma

A

Open pneumothorax

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11
Q

What sound does an open pneumothorax produces

A

Sucking and blowing sound

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12
Q

Things to watch out for in tension pneumothorax

A

Tracheal deviation and mediastinal shift

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13
Q

Most dangerous/threatening type of pneumothorax

A

Tension pneumothorax

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14
Q

Causes of tension pneumothorax

A

Human error and physiological factor

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15
Q

Leading factor of COPD

A

Smoking/Vaping

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16
Q

What enzyme is decreased in COPD

A

A1A (Alpha 1 antitrypsin)

17
Q

COPD: Primary area affected is the alveoli (acinar)

A

Emphysema

18
Q

COPD: Primary area affected is the alveoli (acinar)

A

Emphysema

19
Q

COPD: Primary area affected bronchus and bronchioles

A

Chronic bronchitis

20
Q

Pink-puffers

A

Emphysema

21
Q

Blue bloaters

A

Chronic bronchitis

22
Q

What causes blushing of cheeks in pink puffers

A

Polycythemia

23
Q

Cardinal sign: Barrel chest

A

Emphysema

24
Q

What acid base imbalance happens in emphysema

A

Respiratory acidosis

25
Q

What is the normal AP diameter?

A

1:2

26
Q

What is an abnormal AP diameter

A

2:2
2:1

27
Q

What to watch out for in emphysema

A

Pneumothorax

28
Q

What causes blue bloating in Chronic bronchitis

A

Cyanosis

29
Q

What causes inflammation in Acute Bronchitis

A

Bacteria

30
Q

What causes Chronic bronchitis

A

Decreased elasticity

31
Q

Cardinal sign of Chronic bronchitis

A

Chronic excessive cough

32
Q

A non-productive cough is a _____ sign of Chronic bronchitis

A

Late

33
Q

A productive cough is an _____ sign of Chronic bronchitis

A

Early

34
Q

What test is used to determine finger clubbing

A

Diamond test / Window test

35
Q

Confirmatory test for COPD

A

Spirometry

36
Q

Confirmatory test for COPD

A

Spirometry

37
Q

FVC ratio for COPD

A

< 70%

38
Q

COPD: O2sat

A

88-92%

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