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MSRA 2023 > pharmacology > Flashcards

pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

which BPH drug causes erectile dysfunction?

A

finasteride

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2
Q

1st line abx for C diff infection

A

vancomycin (oral)

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3
Q

which abx class can cause stainining of teeth in children?

A

doxycycline

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4
Q

Pioglitazone
- contraindications?

A

bladder ca/haematuria
heart failure

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5
Q

Antiemetic with prokinetic effect?

A

metoclopramide

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6
Q

HTN uncontrolled in a pt already on CCB, ARB/ACEi and thiazide like diuretic
what are the 2 options?

A

K>4.5 –> a or b blocker
K<4.5 –> spironolactone

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7
Q

Tinea capitis
management?

A

ORAL antifungal

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8
Q

Antiepileptic medication associated with risk of SJS?

A

lamotrigine

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9
Q

Antiepileptic medication associated with risk of kidney stones?

A

topiramate

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10
Q

Antiepileptic medication associated with risk of osteoporosis?

A

phenytoin

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11
Q

2 types of antihypertensives which can worsen glycaemic control?

A

beta blocker
thiazides

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12
Q

CYP450 inducers

A

Phenytoin
St Johns Wort
Rifampicin
Carbemazepine

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13
Q

CYP450 inhibitors

A

Erythromycin, clari
Antifungals
PPIs
Quinolones (ciprofloxacin)

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14
Q

Clarithromycin - effect on cyp450 enzymes?

A

inhibtor

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15
Q

Omeprazole - effect on cyp450 enzymes?

A

inhibitor

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16
Q

Sulfonylureas - effect on cyp450?

A

inducer

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17
Q

simvastatin interacts with which antihypertensive? how?

A

amlodipine
amlodipine is a mild cyp3a4 inhibitor, therefore can cause raised simvastatin levels.
therefore if on amldipine, simvastatin dose should be <=20mg

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18
Q

1st line antiplatelet therapy as secondary prevention for those post TIA/CVA, or with peripheral arterial disease?

A

clopidogrel

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19
Q

what fraction of total daily morphine dose should be used for breakthrough pain?

A

1/10th to 1/6th

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20
Q

if 1st dose of morphine ineffective, how much should you increase the 2nd dose by?

A

50%

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21
Q

Rapid eye blinking, grimacing, lip smacking are all examples of ?

A

tardive dyskinesia - involuntary, repetitive movements

22
Q

Which drug can cause greying of the skin?

A

Amiodarone

23
Q

Key symptom of aspirin overdose (in MCQs lol)

A

tinnitus

24
Q

ECG feature of amitriptyline toxicity?

A

broadening QRS

25
Q

abx treatment for cellulitis of the cheek?

A

co-amoxiclav (close to eyes and nose)

26
Q

1st abx treatment for fungal skin infection

A

topical terbinafine

27
Q

1st line abx treatment for fungal nail infection

A

oral terbinafine

28
Q

hydroxychloroquine - what check ups should they get? why?

A

eye checks
risk of corneal deposits and maculopathy

29
Q

Treatment for head lice

A

dimeticone

30
Q

Contraindications to sulfonylureas

A

hepatic/renal impairment
acute porphyrias
ketoacidosis

31
Q

In HTN–> pt is started on CCB.
They do not tolerate this. What is the next step?

A

thiazide

32
Q

Amitriptyline’s potential effect on urine

A

green!

33
Q

Treatment of myasthenia gravis

A

rivastigmine - acetylcholinesterase ihibitor

34
Q

Important drug interaction with tamoxifen and ….? why?

A

ssri - fluoxetine, paroxetine
- they are potent CYP 2d6 inhibitors –> higher levels of tamoxifen and VTE risk

35
Q

Raloxifene
MoA
Usess

A

selective oesterogen receptor modulator
used for osteoporosis prevention in post menopausal women

36
Q

Adverse effects of infliximab

A
  • blood - BM suppression
  • skin - lupus, psoriatic lesions, vitiligo
  • TB/Hep B reactivation
  • Demyelination
37
Q

Name some psych, rheumatology and cardiology medications which cause oral ulcers

A

Oral ulcers:

rheum: methotrexate, NSAIDs
cardio: ACEIs, losartan
psych: fluoxetine, lithium

38
Q

name a drug which is used in glaucoma to constrict the pupil

A

pilocarpine

39
Q

3 acetylcholinesterase inhibitors used to treat Alzheimers?

A

donepezil
galantamine
rivastigmine

40
Q

which diabetes medication has increased risk of lower limb amputation

A

SGLT2 inhibitors

41
Q

pharmacological management of otitis externa
- 2 options for 1st line management?
- If there is associated cellulitis?

A

1) topical acetic acid
2) topical neomycin + steroid

cellulitis –> flucloxacillin

42
Q

1st choice abx for sinusitis

A

PenV

43
Q

1st choice abx for prostatitis

A

ciprofloxacin

44
Q

2 hormone drugs used to prevent osteoporosis in post menopausal women

A

tibolone
raloxifene

45
Q

important risks of tamoxifen treatment

A

VTE
endometrial cancer - always report if PV Bleeding

46
Q

1st line treatment for fungal skin infection

A

oral terbinafine

47
Q

most common drug cause of seizures?

A

bupropion

48
Q

5 types of drugs which cause lichen planus

A

ACEi
thiazides
antidiabetes
methyldopa
NSAIDs

49
Q

adverse effect of pyrazinamide - name 2

A
  • hyperuricaemia
  • hepatitis
50
Q

pt taking azathioprine

  • which antihypertensive and which antibiotic should be used with caution in these pts?
A

trimethoprim/co-trim –> risk of myelosuppression

ACEis –> risk of anaemia

51
Q

tx of acute dystonia

A

procyclidine IM

52
Q

non surgical tx for gallstones

A

USDA

MSRA 2023 (14 decks)

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