Pharmacology

Question 1

What are these drugs?
Omeprazole.
Lansoprazole.
Pantoprazole.
Rabeprazole.
Esomeprazole.

Answer 1

PPIs
Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) cause irreversible blockade of H+/K+ ATPase of the gastric parietal cell.

Examples include omeprazole and lansoprazole.

Adverse effects
hyponatraemia, hypomagnasaemia
osteoporosis → increased risk of fractures
microscopic colitis
increased risk of C. difficile infections

Question 2

What is Hydroxocobalamin?

Answer 2

Hydroxocobalamin is a manufactured version of the vitamin B12. It’s used to treat and prevent vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia,

Question 3

What is ceftriaxone? (beginning with CEF)

Answer 3

Cephalosporin antibiotics

Question 4

What is metoclopramide, domperidone, chlorpromazine?

Answer 4

Antiemetics (anti-sickness)

Question 5

What is octreotide?

Answer 5

Synthetic version of somatostatin (a somatostatin analogue) and slows down the production of hormones. This helps to control the symptoms of carcinoid syndrome and slow down the growth of the cancer.

Question 6

What is prednisolone?

Answer 6

Anti-inflammatory drug

Prednisolone helps reduce inflammation in your body, treating many conditions, but not curing them. Prednisolone is commonly used to treat some types of arthritis, asthma, skin problems and autoimmune diseases.

Question 7

What drugs are these?
Metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol-XL)
Nadolol (Corgard)
Nebivolol (Bystolic)
Penbutolol (Levatol)
Pindolol (Visken)
Propanolol (Inderal)
Sotalol (Betapace)
Timolol (Blocadren)

Answer 7

Beta-blockers

Block the release of the stress hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline. This results in a slowing of the heart rate and reduces the force at which blood is pumped around your body.

Question 8

What is propranolol?

Answer 8

Beta block

Migraine
Anxiety
Neuropathic pain

Question 9

What is ramipril

Answer 9

ACE inhibitor
High blood BP

Question 10

What is gabapentin?

Answer 10

Group of gabapentimoids
Used to treat neuropathic pain- sciatica
Can be addictive and drowsy