Pharmacology

Question 1

Inducers of CYP450

Answer 1

Carbomazepine
Phenytoin
Phenobarb
Rifampicin
Sulfonylureas

Question 2

Inhibitors of CYP450

Answer 2

CYP3A- erythromycin, clarythromycin
Azole antifungals
Amiodorone
Verapamil
Grapefruit juice

CYP 2C9 and others: Sodium valproate -
Isonazid
Ciprofloxacin
Chloramphenicol
Omeprazole
Metronidazole
SSRI
Lumicaftor + ivacaftor

Question 3

Omalizumab

Answer 3

Anti- IgE

Question 4

Mepolizumab

Answer 4

Anti IL-5

Question 5

Dupilumab

Answer 5

Anti IL- 4 receptor

Question 6

Methyephenidate MOA

Answer 6

inhibits noradrenaline and dopamine reuptake

Question 7

Clonidine MOA

Answer 7

Alpha agonist

Question 8

Antipsychotic MOA

Answer 8

Dopamine antagonist

Question 9

Dexamphetamine MOA

Answer 9

inhibits noradrenaline and dopamine reuptake and increases secretion

Question 10

What do you give to reduce toxin production in toxic shock

Answer 10

Clindamycin

Question 11

Erythromycin MOA

Answer 11

Macrolide
Bunds to 50S subunit to inhibit protein synthesis
acts on motilin receptors (agonist) to induce migratory motor complex

Question 12

Ecumizumab

Answer 12

Monoclonal antibody against C5

Used to treat paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), generalized myasthenia gravis, and neuromyelitis optica.

Question 13

blinatumomab

Answer 13

ALL treatment
monoclonal antibody - direct T cells to kill affected B cells
one arm binds to cd19 and other arm binds to cd3

Question 14

Perampanel

Answer 14

anti epileptic
Antagnoises excitatory AMPA receptors
Side effects include psychiatric changes, including increased suicidality; dizziness, gait disturbance, somnolence, risk of falls and slurred speech. High doses can produce euphoria.

Question 15

MoA levetiracetam

Answer 15

modulates neurotransmitter release at the synapse (it may inhibit neurotransmitter release). Levetiracetam also indirectly affects GABA transmission and inhibits N-type calcium channels.

Question 16

Lamotrigine MoA

Answer 16

sodium channel blocker
must be uptitrated very slowly
most commonly associated with rash or SJS

Question 17

Main side effect vigabatrin

Answer 17

visual field constriction from peripheral retinal atrophy, optic neuritis, vision loss (rods > cones, therefore night vision mostly affected)

Question 18

main side effect carbamazepine

Answer 18

nausea & vomiting, dizziness, drowsiness, liver dysfunction, hyponatraemia (SIADH)

rash in han chinese

Question 19

aprepitant MoA

Answer 19

NK receptor antagnist

Question 20

ondansatron MoA

Answer 20

5HT3 receptor antagonist

Question 21

metaclopramide MoA

Answer 21

dopamine receptor antagonist
** remember this because it has the same side effects and mechanism as antipsychotics**

A/E: extrapyramidal side effects, hyperprolactinemia, glactorrheoea

Question 22

cyclazine MoA

Answer 22

histamine G1 receptor antagonist

Question 23

Dupilamab

Answer 23

IL-4 receptor blocker and Il-13 blocker

used for severe eczema, eczema

Question 24

Opalizumab

Answer 24

Anti - IgE

Used for asthma

Question 25

Neuroaminidase inhibitor

Answer 25

Tamiflu =oseltamivir
blocks neuraminidase enzyme
stops influenza virus from exiting/budding out of host cell