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MSRA LS > pharmacology > Flashcards

pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

what abx lowers the seizure threshold?

A

ciprofloxacin- fluoroquinolone

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2
Q

Long QT is a well-recognised complication of using..? abx..

A

fluroquinolones ie ciprofloxacin/ levofloxacin

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3
Q

what GFR should metformin be stopped?

A

GFR <45

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4
Q

Drug-induced urinary retention?

A
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5
Q

criteria for liver transplantation

A
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6
Q

Inducers of the P450 system include

A
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7
Q

Cytochrome P450 Inhibitors

A
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8
Q

sildenafil are used to treat …?… in neonates

A

pulmonary hypertension

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9
Q

TCA amitriptyline od tx?

A

IV bicarbonate may reduce the risk of seizures and arrhythmias in severe toxicity

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10
Q

drugs that cause Corneal opacities

A

amiodarone
indomethacin

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11
Q

drugs causing Optic neuritis?
cataracts?

A

ethambutol
amiodarone
metronidazole

cataracts: steroids

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12
Q

treatment in opioid detoxification

A

Methadone

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13
Q

Lithium toxicity can be precipitated by …what pain killer.. other drugs..?

A

NSAIDs, thiazides

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14
Q

b blocker od, tx?

A

IV atropine
glucagon

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15
Q

Azathioprine monitoring bloods?

A

FBC LFT

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16
Q

diclofenac, are important to avoid in heart failure why?

A

can promote fluid retention

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17
Q

Carbon monoxide poisoning - most common feature

A

headache

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18
Q

class of drug?…..may cause precipitation of digoxin toxicity

A

The calcium channel blockers diltiazem and verapamil both increase serum digoxin levels.

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19
Q

reverse digoxin toxicity?

A

Digibind, Digoxin-specific antibody fragments

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20
Q

antedote Benzodiazepines ?

A

flumazenil

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21
Q

antedote methanol

A

ethanol

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22
Q

antedote salicylate?

A

urinary alkalinization with IV bicarbonate
haemodialysis- if having pulmonary odema and metabolic acidoosis

23
Q

…. ?…. can reduce the effectiveness of the combined oral contraceptive pill

A
24
Q

gentamicin toxicity …?

A

nehpro and ototoxicity

25
Q

symptoms of lithium toxicity?

A

Diarrhoea, vomiting, abdominal pain, coarse tremor, weakness, seizures, muscle twitches and blurred vision are among the signs and symptoms of lithium toxicity

26
Q

The risk of peripheral neuropathy with isoniazid can be reduced by prescribing ….

A

pyridoxine

27
Q

Finasteride MOA

A

5 alpha reductase inhibitor which converts testosterone into DHT

28
Q

DRUGS TO AVIOD IN CKD3? or kidney failure

A

antibiotics: tetracycline, nitrofurantoin
NSAIDs
lithium
metformin

29
Q

metformin titration- how mnay days to wait before titrating it up?

A

Metformin should be titrated slowly, leaving at least 7 days before increasing the dose.

30
Q

risks of taking allopurinol and azathioprine together

A

Allopurinol increases risk of azathioprine toxicity

causing pancytopenia

31
Q

Adult Life Support (ALS) adrenaline doses

A

Recommend Adult Life Support (ALS) adrenaline doses
anaphylaxis: 0.5mg - 0.5ml 1:1,000 IM
cardiac arrest: 1mg - 10ml 1:10,000 IV or 1ml of 1:1000 IV

32
Q

mum taking lithium- what can happen to baby?

A

Ebsteins anomaly Lithium can cause cardiac foetal abnormalities

33
Q

what electrolyte inbalance predisposes patients to digoxin toxicity

A

hypokalemia

34
Q

abx causing photo sensitivty?>

A

tetracyclines, sulphonamides, ciprofloxacin

35
Q

diabetic drug causing Syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion

A

GLIM-EPRIDE

36
Q

Aspirin MOA?

A

Aspirin is a non reversible COX 1 and 2 inhibitor

37
Q

Tinnitus may be one of the earliest symptoms of … OD?

A

aspirin

38
Q

absolute contraindication to Sildenafil?

A

STROKE
MI

39
Q

Visual changes secondary to drugs
DIG?
SIDENAFIL?

A
40
Q

finasteride s/e?

A
41
Q

diclofenac is contraindicated in patients with

A

ischaemic heart disease
peripheral arterial disease
cerebrovascular disease
congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association classification II-IV)

42
Q

antifreeze /methanol antidote?

A

FOMEPIZOLE

43
Q

iron tablets od vs organophosphate antedote?

A

Desferrioxmine

atropine

44
Q

Patients with MI secondary to cocaine use should be given

A

IV benzodiazepines (diazepam) as part of acute (ACS) treatment

45
Q

what to do every 6 months when taking amioderone?

A

TFT’S LFT’S

46
Q

Ecstasy poisoning

A
47
Q

Mefloquine S/E

A

neuropsychiatric side-effects

AVOID A history of anxiety or depression

48
Q

What is the minimum time after ingestion of the tablets that a paracetamol level can be used to guide treatment with acetylcysteine?

A

4 hrs

49
Q

following complications is most likely to occur as a result of heroin use

A

dvt

50
Q

S/E?

A
51
Q

S/E

A
52
Q

DIABETIC DRUG CAUSING DIG TOXICITY

A

Thiazides may cause precipitation of digoxin toxicity

53
Q

furosemide s/e

A

OTOTOXIC

54
Q

MONTELUKAST S/E

A

ABNORMAL DREAMS
diarrhoea

MSRA LS (22 decks)

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