Pharmacological therapy: Hyperosmotics

Question 1

Types of hyperosmotics

Answer 1

1. glycerine

2. mannitol

Question 2

MOA

Answer 2

increase osmolality blood

- create osmotic gradient - draws H2O from vitreous humour = decrease IOP

Question 3

What does the dehydrated viterous humour cause?

Answer 3

posterior mov of lens = cause anterior chamber to deepen = opening anterior angle

Question 4

Glycerine 1-1.5G/kg as 50% soln given orally

Answer 4

• patient not vomiting

Question 5

mannitol 15-20% soln -can be given IV dose 1-2G/kg over 30-60mins

Answer 5

has N/V

Question 6

common complaints

Answer 6

headaches + thirst

Question 7

already dehydrated at risk of what?

Answer 7

• CNS dehydration

- lead to coma

Question 8

used with caution

Answer 8

renal / cv disease as extracellular H2O increased