Pharmacokinetics

Question 1

What the body does to the drug.

Answer 1

Pharmacokinetics

Question 2

What are the 4 pharmacokinetic properties that determine the speed of the onset, the intensity of the effect, and the duration of the drug’s action? (AMDE)

Answer 2

Absorption
Metabolism
Distribution
Elimination

Question 3

_____ Is the entry of the therapeutic agent into the bloodstream.

Answer 3

Absorption

Question 4

_______ of the drug to other parts of the body.

Answer 4

Distribution

Question 5

______ is when the body breaks down and converts medication into other chemical substances.
- Liver is the primary site, following blood, lungs, etc.

Answer 5

Metabolism (Biotransformation)

Question 6

_______ when drugs and their metabolites are removed from the body.

Answer 6

Elimination

Question 7

_____ is the time it takes for the body to eliminate half of the drug that is present in the body.

Answer 7

Half-Life

Question 8

T/F - Every drug has a different half-life.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Drugs and their metabolites are excreted through primarily the _______ and are flushed out from the body through______.

Answer 9

Kidneys

Urine

Question 10

T/F - Each kidney contains about one million nephrons.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

______ are microscopic units that filter the blood and produce urine.

Answer 11

Nephrons

Question 12

_____ is a network of capillaries that performs the first step in filtering and each nephron contains one.

Answer 12

Glomerulus

Question 13

_______ system is part of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary actions such as the beating of the heart. (It automatically occurs)
- Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

Answer 13

The autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Question 14

Fight or flight is which nervous system?

Answer 14

Sympathetic Nervous System (SANS)

Question 15

_____ drugs stimulate these receptors and mimic the effects of the SANS. (albuterol treats asthma as a broncholdilator)

Answer 15

Adrenergic

Question 16

______ drugs block (Anti-) these receptors, produce opposite effects of the SANS and decrease blood pressure (beta-blockers “-olol” slow the heart rate and lower blood pressure).

Answer 16

Anti-adrenergic

Question 17

Rest and digest is which nervous system?

Answer 17

Parasympathetic Nervous System (PANS)

Question 18

_____ is the neurotransmitter that mediates responses and acts as the cholinergic receptors.

Answer 18

Acetylcholine

Question 19

_______ drugs stimulate these receptors and produce the effects of the PANS (Pilocarpine is used in tx of xerostomia to increase salivation)
- Contraindicated for cardiac conditions due to side effects.

Answer 19

Cholinergic

Question 20

______ drugs block (Anti-) receptors and produce the opposite effects of rest and digest (Atropine decreases salivation).

Answer 20

Anticholinergic

Question 21

T/F - The rate and efficacy of a drug’s absorption depend on the route of administration, pKa of the drug, drug solubility, and pH of the media.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

T/F - The autonomic nervous system is part of the peripheral system that controls involuntary actions of the body.

Answer 22

True