Analgesia

Question 1

_______ means fever reducing and affects the hypothalamus (controls body temperature).

Answer 1

Antipyretic

Question 2

_____ mean inflammation reducing.

Answer 2

Ant-Inflammatory

Question 3

_____ means pain-relieving.

Answer 3

Analgesic

Question 4

_____ are commonly used for arthritis due to its anti-inflammatory benefits.

• It can interfere with the blood’s ability to clot and it contraindicated with blood thinners (Coumadin), it can cause GI irritation (avoid with peptic ulcers).
• Aspirin is a major GI irritant.
• Nephropathies associated with chronic use are common.

Answer 4

NSAIDS ( Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs)

Question 5

_____ is used as an anti-platelet agent (salicylic acid).

Answer 5

Aspirin

Question 6

______ is antipyretic and analgesic, but not anti-inflammatory. Has no effect on blood coagulation (drug of choice for patients on blood thinners with kidney disorders).

Answer 6

Acetaminophen

Question 7

_____ drugs that derive from the plant opium poppy (Papaver somniferum).

• Depresses the CNS and supresses pain pathways.
• Used as analgesics and for sedation.
• Side efefcts include euphoria, sleep, respiratoty depression, constipation and mitosis (pinpoint pupil).

Answer 7

Opioids

Question 8

The three opioid receptors are_____, _____ and _____.

Answer 8

mu
kappa
Delta

Question 9

T/F - Pure agonist opioids stimulate all the opioid receptors, but mostly mu receptors. Examples include, morphine, hydromorphone, fentanyl, methadonek, etc.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

T/F - Partial agonists bind to an opiate receptor but are less affect cautious than pur agonist opioids.
Example: buprenorphine

Answer 10

True

Question 11

T/F -Agonist and antagonist opioids block one type of opioid receptor, while stimulating another.
Example: butorphanol

Answer 11

True

Question 12

T/F - Pure antagonist opioids attach to the opioid receptors but do not activate them. These drugs are reversal agents for opioids.
Examples: naloxone & nalmefene.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

_____ is an opioid antagonist and is used to treat opioid overdose (Narcan).

Answer 13

Naloxone

Question 14

_____ drug is the most commonly used opioid in. dentistry.

• Can be used as a cough supressant.
• Tylenol + drug = Tylenol 3, which provides greater relief.

Answer 14

Codeine

Question 15

_____ abusers exhibit dilated pupils (mydriasis).

Answer 15

Cocaine

Question 16

_____ is the first natural opiate used for acute or severe pain.

Answer 16

Morphine

Question 17

_____ is a semi-synthetic opioid.

Answer 17

Oxycodone

Question 18

Oxycodone + acetaminophen = ________.

Answer 18

Percocet (aCETaminphen)

Question 19

Oxycodone + aspirin = __________.

Answer 19

Percodan

Question 20

_____ is used to alleviate anxiety in patients.

• Can relax skeletal muscles (a patient with cerebral palsy).
• Stage 1 Anesthesia (lowest, 4 is the highest).
• Patient can hear and respond to any request or direction given by the dentist.
• No biotransformation occurs, gas is excreted through exhalation.
• COPD, airway congestion, pregnancy, cyctsic fibrosis, infections, emotional illness, and history of substance abuse are contraindications.

Answer 20

Nitrous Oxide

Question 21

T/F - Nitrous oxide tank is blue, oxygen tank is green.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

T/F - The major symptom of opioid overdose is respiratory depression.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

T/F - Patients with asthma should avoid acetaminophen.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

T/F - Patients may be using Aspirin for arthritis.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

T/F - Asthma is NOT a contraindication to Nitrous Oxide use.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

T/F - NSAIDs are a class od non-opioid drugs that act by blocking the formation of pain mediators in the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).

Answer 26

True

Question 27

T/F - Acetaminphen is effective as an antipyretic and analgesic, but not an anti-inflammatory drug.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

T/F - Codeine is the most commonly used opioid in dentistry.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

T/F - Once nitrous oxide is terminated on a patient, 100% oxygen should be delivered for at least 5 minutes or until the patient feel sthey have recovered and can safely stand up.

Answer 29

True