Pharmacodynamics

Question 1

Pharmacodynamics

Answer 1

receptor binding, postreceptor effects, drug interactions

Question 2

Drug receptors

Answer 2

protein macromolecules, sp. structure in macromolecule that with drugs forms a complex that triggers a biologic effect; located on cell mpembrane, some use sites acted on by endogenous molecules (chemical mediators, hormones), recognize chemical signals of agonists due to binding site, ionic groups

Question 3

Types of receptors - from protein w/membrane channel

Answer 3

cholinergic receptors(nicotinic subtype), gamma-aminobutyric acid, takes milliseconds

Question 4

Membrane receptors w/ enzymatic activity

Answer 4

bind agonist at extracellular and intracellular end, tyrosikinase activity, intracellular effects and phosphorylization of other enzymes, minutes to hours

Question 5

Receptors w/ enzymatic activity examples

Answer 5

insulin receptors, erythropoietin receptors

Question 6

Serpentine receptors examples

Answer 6

a&B receptors, cholinergic receptors (muscarinic subtype), dopamine receptors, angiotensin receptors, opioid receptors, acts in seconds to minutes

Question 7

intracellular receptors

Answer 7

steroid receptors, act in hours

Question 8

Drugs have

Answer 8

efficiency/intrinsic activity, potency(qty needed for 50%eff); depends on number of receptors and duration of binding

Question 9

Receptors have

Answer 9

binding site, selectivity, affinity

Question 10

Parameters characterizing pharmacodynamic activity

Answer 10

type of action, potency of action, latency, selectivity, efficiency

Question 11

Agonists

Answer 11

total, partial

Question 12

Antagonists

Answer 12

reversible, pseudo-irreversible, irreversible

Question 13

Patient related factors

Answer 13

age, nutritional status, alcohol, diseases

Question 14

Drug related factors

Answer 14

chemical structure, dose (24h, therapeutic, loading, maintaining, children), environmental