pharmacodynamics

Question 1

what is pharmacodynamics

Answer 1

action of drugs in the body

Question 2

what is drug specificity

Answer 2

how a drug selectively binds to a particular protein

Question 3

what is drug affinity

Answer 3

how well a drug binds

Question 4

what is drug efficacy

Answer 4

how well a drug brings about a response

Question 5

describe the action of drugs that target ligand gated ion channels

Answer 5

change ionic movement across cell membrane

Question 6

describe the action of drugs that target G protein coupled receptors

Answer 6

bind to transmembrane G protein receptor, changing physiological processes

Question 7

what is the action of GαS in G protein coupled receptors

Answer 7

stimulates conversion of ATP to cAMP

Question 8

what is the action of GαI in G protein coupled receptors

Answer 8

inhibits conversion of ATP to cAMP

Question 9

what is the action of Gαq in G protein coupled receptors

Answer 9

activates conversion of PIP2 to DAG and IP3

Question 10

describe the action of drugs that target kinase linked receptors

Answer 10

will bind to a transmembrane receptor, blocking chemical messengers an therefore changing protein synthesis inside the cell

Question 11

what is cAMP and its role

Answer 11

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate

it is a cellular messenger

Question 12

describe the action of drugs that target nuclear receptors

Answer 12

act in the nucleus, changing gene transcription

Question 13

what is the action of agonist drugs

Answer 13

activate cell receptor sites- they form a drug receptor complex which becomes activated

Question 14

what 2 factors are considered when working out potency of an agonist drug

Answer 14

affinity (how well it binds)
efficacy (how well a response is brought about)

Question 15

what is the action of antagonist drugs

Answer 15

block receptor sites on a cell- they bind to site and deactivate the cell

Question 16

how would you measure effectiveness of an antagonist drug

Answer 16

compare effect on cell with against only and with antagonist only

right had shift indicates effectiveness

Question 17

name 4 factors that could influence the effectiveness of a drug on the body

Answer 17

age
gender
disease
weight

Question 18

describe drug desensitisation

Answer 18

reduced response of a receptor to a drug, reducing effectiveness (result of a long term dosage)

Question 19

describe drug tolerance

Answer 19

body gets used to medication do there is reduces effect

Question 20

describe drug resistance

Answer 20

adaptive change that makes drug less effective, microorganism is no longer killed