Pharmacodynamics Flashcards
Define Pharmacodynamics
Studies of action of the drug from its interacrtion with receptors, to the effect on animal populations.
Types of Drug Targets
- Enzymes
- Carriers
- Ion Channels
- Receptors
- DNA and Nucleic Acid
Inhibition of this drug leads to suppression of proinflammatory prostaglandins
Cyclooxygenases
An enzyme that metabolizes ACh
Acetylcholine esterase
An enzyme that breaks down Trimetoprim and Acetylcholine
Dihydrofolate reductase
A type of drug target, also known as membrane transport systems
Carriers
Types of Neurotransmitters
- Endogenous
- Exogenous
A molecule or a polymeric structure on the surface / inside the cell that specifically recognizes and binds an endogenous compound.
Receptor
Moleculrs without signal transduction pathways, binding will not trigger a physiological response
Acceptor
Receptors posses an effector system also called?
signal-transduction pathways
A three-dimensional structure, forms pockets/grooves on the surface of protein that allowns specific interactions with compounds known as ligands
Binding site
Molecules of compilementary shape to the protein binding site, follows “locka and key” analogy
Ligands
A neurotransmitter that acts as molecular messenger, hormones are example of this neurotransmitter
Endogenous
A neurotransmitter that may produce a cascade of biochemical events that results in drug interaction, example: drugs
Exogenous
Drug Characteristics
- Intrinsic Activity
- Affinity
The property of drug that permits it to initiate post-receptor processes, which lead to a response
Intrinsic Activity
Ability of a drug to bind to its receptors
Affinity
Drugs that produce measurable pharmacological response and physiological response. Drugs that have both affinity and intrinsic ability.
Agonist
Types of Agonist Drugs
- Primary agonist
- Allosteric agonist
- Full agonist
- Partial agonist
- Inverse agonist
A drug that binds to the same site as the endogenous ligands
Primary agonist
A drug that binds to a different region of the receptor
Allosteric agonist
An agonist that produces a maximal effect under a given set of condition.
Full agonist
Drugs that bind to the receptor, suppressing the constitutive signaling activity
Inverse agonist
Drugs that are unable to trigger any action on their own but are able to block the action on other agonist, has affinity but no intrinsic activity. Also called “silent drugs”, most drugs are antagonist.
Antagonist
An interaction between 2 drugs such that the response of one drug (the agonist) is reduced in the presence of the second drug (the antagonist)
Antagonism