Pharmacodynamics Flashcards
Pharmacodynamics definition
Study of biochemical and physiological effect of pharmaceuticals on the body
Relationship between dose and effect
Defintion of receptor
Recognize and bind to a specific ligand to cause conformational change
Four types of receptors
Channel linked
Kinase linked
DNA linked
G protein coupled
What are three non receptor targets of drug action
Enzymes
Ion channels
Transporters
What is the relationship between drug dose and response
And increase in concentration increases rate of response instill all the receptors are full. An equilibrium is reached where there is a constant ratio of receptor use and effect
Therapeutic index definition
Ratio between adverse effects and desired effects
How much of a drug can be given in order to work but with less side effects
Agonist defintion
Ligand which binds to receptor and causes conformational change
Causes pharmacological effects
Antagonists definition and two types
Ligand when bound there is no change and no pharmacological effects.
Competitive- binds to active site of agonist
Non competitive- binds to another part of receptor and changes conformation of the active site
Efficacy definition
How far can a drug produce an effect
Full receptor use= full efficacy
Low receptor use= lower efficacy
Potency definition
How much of a drug is needed for an effect
Increased receptor affinity= increase in potency= less drug needed
Desensitization defintion
Continuous use of a drug decreases its potency and effects
Causes of desensitization
Decrease receptor number
Changes on receptor conformation
Mediator exhaustion (neurotransmitters)
Physiological adaptation
