Pharmaceuticals Flashcards
What are ARBs? and their Side Effects?
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers - Used for Hypertension
SI: hyperkalemia (high potassium)
What do ARBs ends with?
-sartan family
Losartan
Candesartan
Valsartan
Olmesartan
What are Calcium Channel Blockers?
used for Supra Ventricular tachyarrhythmias, hypertension
- Inhibits calcium ions moving into cardiac muscle cells
- Reduces contractility of cells, relaxes vascular smooth muscle reduces blood pressure.
What do CCB drugs end with?
-ipine
Amlod ipine
Nicard ipine
Niferd ipine
Ranolo- zine
Diltiazem
What are ACE Inhibitors? and their Side Effects?
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
(hypertension, CHF, DM nephropathy)
- lowers BP & stress on HT
- Retains K so check levels
SI: dry cough
What do ACE inhibitors name end with?
-pril
Captopril, Enalapril
Lisinopril
Quinapril
What are Peripheral Acting Agents?
Blocks the lfow of K across cell membrane.
-vasodilation & hypotension
What are DRI? and what do they do?
Direct Renin Inhibitors
- hypertension
- inhibits renin, controls first rate limiting step of RAAS
What are Statins used for? & drug names?
Cholesterol - inhibits enzyme responsible for cholesterol biosynthesis
SI: GI upset & headache (Take at night when cholesterol is formed)
Atrovastatin (lipitor)
Lovastatin (ltocor, mevacor)
Rosuvastin (Crestor)
What are Leukotriene Inhibitors & their drug name?
Asthma - increase edema, mucus, vascular permeability
-lukast
- Monte-lukast
Zafir -lukast
Zileuton
What are corticosteroid? & drug names
Anti-inflammatory agents that supress the immune response
- one family
Fluticasone, beclomethasone, hydrocortisone
What are Antihistamines? drug names? Side Effects?
Allergic reactions, nausea, vertigo, insomnia
- ine
Cetiriz ine
Clemast ine
Hydroxyz ine
Loratad ine
Promethaz ine
SI: Dry mouth, drying of URT mucosa, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention
What are Bronchodilators for? & drug names
Side Effects
Asthma, relaxes smooth muscle cells of the bronchioles, increases airway diameter
Albuter -ol
Isoproteren ol
Salmeter ol
Ipratropium
Terbutaline
SI: tremors, anxiety, convulsion, tachycardia, headache, BP
What are Anticholinergic?
COPD
- dissolve clots already formed by binding to the clot protein formed by fibrin
What are Mast Cell Stabilizers?
Cromolyn Sodium
Nedocromil
What are Antitussives?
Cold & coughs
- Coughing clears airways of excess secretions & foreign materials
What are Mucolytics?
COPD
- reduces blood clots
What are decongestants? and drug names
Increases HR & BP, promotes drainage, improves nasal ventilation, relieves stuffiness
What are Antacids used for? And Drug names
GERD - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
- Stomach acids irritating the esophagus lining
Al-OH Aluminum Hydroxide
Al-Oh-Mg-Oh simethicone
Mg-OH Magenesium Hydroxide
What are the following drug family used for:
-sartan family
Losartan
Candesartan
Valsartan
Olmesartan
ARB - Angiotensin Receptor Blocker
- Hypertension
What are the following drug family used for:
-ipine
Amlod ipine
Nicard ipine
Niferd ipine
Ranolo- zine
Diltiazem
Verapamil
CCB - Calcium Channel Blocker
- High Blood Pressure
- Hypertension / Tachycardia
- Raynaud’s
What are the 3 types of Antidepressants?
SSRI
MAO
Tricyclic Antidepressant
What do SSRI do and drug names?
Antidepressant
- decrease the reuptake of serotonin at selected nerve terminals in the CNS
- weak effect on norepinephrine and dopamine
What doe MAO do and name some drug names?
Antidepressant
- Amitriptyline
Desipramine
Doxepin
Buproprion
Fluxotine (Prozac)
Sertraline (Zoloft)
What do Beta BLockers do? And name some
Hypertension / Thyroid Storm / Hyperthyroidism
Propranolol
Atenolol
Timolol
Metaporlol (lopressor)
What are NSAID for and what are some of their names?
Relieve pain, reduce inflammation and lower high temperature.
SI:
indigestion
stomach ulcers
headaches
drowsiness
dizziness
allergic reactions
What are some of the NSAID drugs?
ibuprofen
naproxen
diclofenac
celecoxib
mefenamic acid
etoricoxib
indomethacin
aspirin for pain relief
What are Diuretics used for? and SI?
Treating edema involving fluid volume excess
SI: irregular heart beat, weak pulse, orthostatic hypotension, tinnitus
