Pharmaceuticals Flashcards
What are ARBs? and their Side Effects?
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers - Used for Hypertension
SI: hyperkalemia (high potassium)
What do ARBs ends with?
-sartan family
Losartan
Candesartan
Valsartan
Olmesartan
What are Calcium Channel Blockers?
used for Supra Ventricular tachyarrhythmias, hypertension
- Inhibits calcium ions moving into cardiac muscle cells
- Reduces contractility of cells, relaxes vascular smooth muscle reduces blood pressure.
What do CCB drugs end with?
-ipine
Amlod ipine
Nicard ipine
Niferd ipine
Ranolo- zine
Diltiazem
What are ACE Inhibitors? and their Side Effects?
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
(hypertension, CHF, DM nephropathy)
- lowers BP & stress on HT
- Retains K so check levels
SI: dry cough
What do ACE inhibitors name end with?
-pril
Captopril, Enalapril
Lisinopril
Quinapril
What are Peripheral Acting Agents?
Blocks the lfow of K across cell membrane.
-vasodilation & hypotension
What are DRI? and what do they do?
Direct Renin Inhibitors
- hypertension
- inhibits renin, controls first rate limiting step of RAAS
What are Statins used for? & drug names?
Cholesterol - inhibits enzyme responsible for cholesterol biosynthesis
SI: GI upset & headache (Take at night when cholesterol is formed)
Atrovastatin (lipitor)
Lovastatin (ltocor, mevacor)
Rosuvastin (Crestor)
What are Leukotriene Inhibitors & their drug name?
Asthma - increase edema, mucus, vascular permeability
-lukast
- Monte-lukast
Zafir -lukast
Zileuton
What are corticosteroid? & drug names
Anti-inflammatory agents that supress the immune response
- one family
Fluticasone, beclomethasone, hydrocortisone
What are Antihistamines? drug names? Side Effects?
Allergic reactions, nausea, vertigo, insomnia
- ine
Cetiriz ine
Clemast ine
Hydroxyz ine
Loratad ine
Promethaz ine
SI: Dry mouth, drying of URT mucosa, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention
What are Bronchodilators for? & drug names
Side Effects
Asthma, relaxes smooth muscle cells of the bronchioles, increases airway diameter
Albuter -ol
Isoproteren ol
Salmeter ol
Ipratropium
Terbutaline
SI: tremors, anxiety, convulsion, tachycardia, headache, BP
What are Anticholinergic?
COPD
- dissolve clots already formed by binding to the clot protein formed by fibrin
What are Mast Cell Stabilizers?
Cromolyn Sodium
Nedocromil
What are Antitussives?
Cold & coughs
- Coughing clears airways of excess secretions & foreign materials
What are Mucolytics?
COPD
- reduces blood clots
What are decongestants? and drug names
Increases HR & BP, promotes drainage, improves nasal ventilation, relieves stuffiness
What are Antacids used for? And Drug names
GERD - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
- Stomach acids irritating the esophagus lining
Al-OH Aluminum Hydroxide
Al-Oh-Mg-Oh simethicone
Mg-OH Magenesium Hydroxide
What are the following drug family used for:
-sartan family
Losartan
Candesartan
Valsartan
Olmesartan
ARB - Angiotensin Receptor Blocker
- Hypertension
What are the following drug family used for:
-ipine
Amlod ipine
Nicard ipine
Niferd ipine
Ranolo- zine
Diltiazem
Verapamil
CCB - Calcium Channel Blocker
- High Blood Pressure
- Hypertension / Tachycardia
- Raynaud’s
What are the 3 types of Antidepressants?
SSRI
MAO
Tricyclic Antidepressant
What do SSRI do and drug names?
Antidepressant
- decrease the reuptake of serotonin at selected nerve terminals in the CNS
- weak effect on norepinephrine and dopamine
What doe MAO do and name some drug names?
Antidepressant
- Amitriptyline
Desipramine
Doxepin
Buproprion
Fluxotine (Prozac)
Sertraline (Zoloft)
