HBKim - Foundations Flashcards
Identifying the cause of the patient’s disharmony is an important part of East Asian medical practice. It is important not to consider the presenting disharmony as the cause of disease. Emotional strain belongs to:
Internal causes of disease
External causes of disease
Miscellaneous causes of disease
Internal causes of disease
D&Lifestyle 1
Overeating is an common cause of disease in our society. From the point of view of East Asian Medicine, overeating weakens the
__________, leading to accumulation of _________.
Liver/Gallbaldder, Wind
Heart/Small Intestine, Heat
Spleen/Stomach, Dampness/Phlegm
Kidney/Bladder, Cold
Spleen/Stomach, Dampness/Phlegm
D&L 1
Which of the following has the risk of malnutrition?
- poor elderly people living alone
- people with very strict diets
- those who suffer from anorexia and/or bulimia
- All the above
- All the above
A vegetarian diet by itself is not a cause of disease. However, being a vegetarian does necessitate being more aware of food combining to ensure an adequate intake of protein. A lack of animal food may induce a _____, especially in women.
Qi deficiency
Blood deficiency
Yin deficiency
Jing deficiency
Blood deficiency
D&L1
Excessive consumption of what Eastern medicine considers to be cold‐energy foods (such as raw foods, salads, ice‐creams, iced drinks, and fruit) may weaken the Spleen, in particular .
Spleen Qi
Spleen Blood
Spleen Yang
Spleen Yin
Spleen Yang
D&L 1
Excessive consumption of sweet foods and sugar, extremely common in our society, gives rise to .
Dampness
Yang deficiency
Yin deficiency
Qi stagnation
Dampness
D&L1
Excessive consumption of hot‐energy and spicy foods, such as curry, alcohol, lamb, beef or spices, gives rise to _____ symptoms.
Cold
Heat
Phlegm
Yin deficiency
Heat
D&L 1
Which animal products consist of cold nature?
Lamb
Chicken
Beef
Pork
Pork
D&L1
Excessive consumption of greasy and fried foods gives rise to the formation of .
Heat
Blood stasis
Phlegm or Dampness
Yang deficiency
Phlegm or Dampness
D&L 1
Eating in a hurry, discussing work while eating, going straight back to work after eating, eating late in the evening and eating in a state of emotional tension are all habits that interfere with a proper digestion of food and, in particular, lead to deficiency of
_________
Liver Blood
Spleen Yang
Stomach Yin
Kidney Yin
Stomach Yin
D&L1
Generally speaking, the Stomach prefers foods which are _______ and not too dry; the Spleen prefers the opposite, i.e. foods that are ______.
dry; moist
moist; dry
moist; dry
D&L1
If a person suffers from a Yang deficiency, it is appropriate to eat more of the ______ foods. If the person is engaged in heavy physical work, it is appropriate to eat more of the _____ foods.
hot
cold
dry
moist
Hot
D&L 1
Excessive consumption of raw vegetables, fruit and cold drinks (cold foods) causes _________.
Stomach Cold
Stomach Heat
SP Qi deficiency
LV Qi stagnation
Stomach Cold
D&L 1
Eating at regular times is important because the body has a natural rhythm of Qi flow in different organs at different times. Therefore, it is important to have meals at regular times as follows EXCEPT:
To eat a proper breafkast
Not to eat over or undereat
Nibble between meals
Not to eat late at night
Not to eat too fast
Nibble between meals
D&L1
Eating late at night (a time of Yin) leads to _______ deficiency.
Stomach Yin
Stomach Yang
Stomach Yin
D&L1
The emotional frame of mind at meal times is important. If one eats while worrying about something such as one’s work, it will lead to Stomach __________ or Stomach‐Qi rebelling upwards. If one eats in a state of sadness, it may lead to Stomach _______ .
Qi deficiency, Qi stagnation
Qi stagnation, Qi deficiency
Blood stasis, Blood deficiency
Blood deficiency, Blood stasis
Qi stagnation, Qi deficiency
D&L1
Eating on the run, grabbing a quick bite during a short lunch hour and eating while working also cause __________ .
Qi stagnation in the Stomach or Stomach‐Qi rebelling upwards
Spleen Qi deficiency
Kidney Yin deficiency
Liver Wind
Qi stagnation in the Stomach or Stomach‐Qi rebelling upwards
D&L1
A frequent cause of disease in early childhood is diet. Weaning a baby too early (as the tendency is more and more today) may cause ______.
Dampness of Phlegm
Qi stagnation
Blood stasis
Spleen deficiency
Spleen deficiency
D&L1
What is the definition of overwork?
Excessive physical work
Working excessively long hours for many years
Working excessively long hours for many years
D&L2
A 45‐year‐old male patient presents with the following symptoms: fatigue, insomnia, dream‐disturbed sleep, palpitations, tongue sores, night sweats, nocturnal emissions, forgetfulness, and the inability to concentrate, even for short periods of time. Upon questioning, he shares his daily routine of getting up at 6 in the morning to catch a 6:30 downtown subway train. He then arrives, to work in an office under stressful conditions, then returns home late at 8 pm. Daily eating habits are infrequent and irregular. When he does eat, the meal consists of a sandwich consumed at his desk while working. This routine has been the same for the past 15 years. What is the “main” etiology of his symptoms?
Overwork
Excessive physical work
Weak constitution
Emotional stress
Diet
Overwork
D&L2
In our daily activities of work and exercise, we normally use .
Yin substance
Kidney Essence
Yang Qi
Yang Qi
D&L2
_____ provide the physiological basis for more long‐term reservoirs of energy.
Yin substance
Yang energy
Yin substance
D&L2
Which substance replenish gradually over a long period of time by modified lifestyle?
Qi
Yin
Yin
D&L2
Qi and Yin represent two levels of energy. Qi is used up by working and replenished by rest. When a person overworks, Qi cannot be replenished fast enough and ______ is used instead.
Yin
Yang
Yin
D&L2
Overwork over many years is a major cause of _____ deficiency
Qi
Blood
Yin
Yang
Yin
D&L2
Overwork’ consists in working long hours without adequate rest for years. Overwork leads to Yin deficiency, especially _______ Yin deficiency.
Liver
Heart
Lung
Kidney
Kidney
D&L2
Excessive mental work and concentration weakens the .
Liver
Spleen
Lung
Kidney
Spleen
D&L2
Excessive physical work includes EXCEPT
physical work in the course of one’s occupation (e.g. removal men)
excessive physical exercise (e.g. gym work‐out)
excessive sport (e.g. football)
excessive lifting
excessive ballet
Working excessively long hours for many years
Working excessively long hours for many years
D&L2
The “female athlete triad” is an interrelationship of_________, low energy availability (with or without an eating disorder), and decreased bone mineral density; it is relatively common among young women participating in sports.
menstrual dysfunction
respiratory depression
pinpoint pupils
CNS depression
menstrual dysfunction
D&L2
Excessive lifting, as happens frequently in the building or house removal trades, weakens the __________ and the lower back. Excessive standing also weakens the ______.
Liver
Spleen
Lung
Kidney
Kidney
D&L2
In Simple Questions, chapter 23 discusses the ‘five exhaustions’. According to Simple Questions, Excessive use of the eyes injures the _______.
Sinew
Qi
Blood
Bone
Blood
D&L2
In Simple Questions, chapter 23 discusses the ‘five exhaustions’. According to Simple Questions, Excessive standing injures the
________.
Sinew
Bone
Blood
Qi
Bone
D&L2
Excessive physical work in general depletes mostly the _______ and the ________ , as the former controls the muscles and the latter the sinews.
Liver, Spleen
Spleen, Kidney
Kidney, Lung
Spleen, Liver
Spleen, Liver
D&L2
Excessive use of one part of the body will also cause ______ in that particular part.
Shen disturbance
Blood deficiency
Qi stagnation
Qi deficiency
Qi stagnation
D&L2
Excessive jogging weakens the muscles and the bones and therefore the _________ and __________ .
Spleen, Kidney
Spleen, Liver
Spleen, Kidney
D&L2
Lack of exercise will lead to _______ and, in some cases, ___________ .
Qi stagnation, Dampness
Qi deficiency, Blood deficiency
Yang deficiency, Yin deficiency
Liver Fire, Heart Fire
Qi stagnation, Dampness
D&L2
In Simple Questions, chapter 23 discusses the ‘five exhaustions’. According to Simple Questions, Excessive sitting injures the
.
Qi (i.e. the Lung)
Blood (i.e. the Heart)
Muscle (i.e. the Spleen)
Bone (i.e. the Kidney)
Muscle
D&L2
Which exercises are recommended for patients suffering from Qi deficiency who do not have energy for more vigorous workouts?
Car racing or Tai Chi Quan
Yoga or Triathlon
Boxing or Kung Fu
Yoga or Tai Chi Quan
Yoga or Tai Chi Quan
D&L2
Long face, broad shoulders, straight back, tall, sinewy body
Wood body type
Fire body type
Earth body type
Metal body type
Water body type
Wood body type
Diagnosis1
Pale complexion, square face, flat abdomen, strong voice
Wood body type
Fire body type
Earth body type
Metal body type
Water body type
Metal body type
Diagnosis1
Without Spirit
Has luster in complexion
Have luster and brightness in eyes
Alert and clear
Labored breathing
Labored breathing
Diagnosis1
In Su Wen physiognomy, nose corresponds to
image
Heart
Spleen
Kidney
Lung
Liver
Spleen
Diagnosis1
In Su Wen physiognomy, left cheek corresponds to
image
Heart
Spleen
Kidney
Lung
Liver
Liver
Diagnosis1
Right side of the tongue correspond to
GB
LV
LU
SP
GB
Diagnosis1
In infant’s index finger diagnosis, Serious and life-threatening disease
Gate of Wind
Gate of Qi
Gate of Life
Gate of Water
Gate of Life
Diagnosis1
Bluish venules seen up to proximal interphalangeal joint
Cold pattern, Exterior pathogen factor and a mild disease
Cold pattern, Interior and rather more severe disease
Heat pattern, Exterior pathogen factor and a mild disease
Heat pattern, Interior and rather more severe disease
Cold pattern, Interior and rather more severe disease
Diagnosis1
Pale complexion indicates EXCEPT
image
Blood deficiency
Yin deficiency
Yang deficiency
Excessive cold
Yin deficiency
Yellow sclera, Smoky dark body
Yang Jaundice
Yin Jaundice
Cold-damp in SP/ST
ST Qi recovering after an illness
Yin Jaundice
Diagnosis1
Green color on the nose
Liver Wind
Liver Fire
Qi stagnation with abdominal pain
Liver Qi stagnation turning into heat
Qi stagnation with abdominal pain
Diagnosis1
Dark complexion without brightness
+ scaly skin
Prolonged blood stasis
Heat pattern
Cold pattern
Kidney deficiency
Prolonged blood stasis
Diagnosis1
Sclera corresponds to which organ?
Liver
Heart
Spleen
Lung
Kidney
Lung
Diagnosis1
Spleen corresponds to
Iris
Corners of the eye
Upper eyelid
Lower eyelid
Pupil
Upper eyelid
Diagnosis1
Green/blue tip of the nose
Abdominal pain from Spleen Cold
Spleen Damp-Heat
Blood deficiency
Toxic-Heat
Abdominal pain from Spleen Cold
Diagnosis1
Dry, withered, dark ear lobes
Cold pattern
Pain
Kidney Qi and Yin exhaustion
Strong constitution
Kidney Qi and Yin exhaustion
Diagnosis1
Swollen but not painful gums
Stomach Heat
Stomach Empty-Heat
Blood deficiency
Kidney Yin deficiency
Stomach Empty-Heat
Diagnosis1
Mononucleosis,
Acute stage of glandular fever
Swollen tonsils of a normal color
Chronically red and swollen tonsils
Acutely red and swollen tonsil
Greyish tonsils
Greyish tonsils
Diagnosis1
Wind-Water invading Lung
Acute edema of the hands and face
Pitting edema of the hands
Pitting edema of the feet
Pitting edema of the four limbs
Acute edema of the hands and face
Diagnosis1
Seen in Atrophy syndrome
Muscle rigidity
Muscle hardness
Muscle flaccidity
Feeling of Heat
Muscle flaccidity
Diagnosis1
Shouting and loud voice
Liver disharmony, excess pattern
Liver disharmony, deficiency pattern
Heart disharmony, excess pattern
Heart disharmony, deficiency pattern
Liver disharmony, excess pattern
Diagnosis1
Rancid (Goatish, Fetid) smell
Wood element
Fire element
Earth element
Metal element
Water element
Wood element
Diagnosis1
Belongs to Water element
Goatish
Scorched
Sweetish
Zank
Putrid
Putrid
Diagnosis1
Shao Yang syndrome
Chills > Fever
Fever < Chills
Alternating Chills and fever
Decreasing Chills and Increasing Fever
Eight Fever, Morning Coolness
Alternating Chills and fever
Diagnosis2
Empty Cold EXCEPT
Hard to touch
Pain better with warmth and pressure
Weak pulse
Slow, gradual onset
Hard to touch
Diagnosis2
Profuse cold oily sweat during a severe illness
Qi deficiency
Damp-Heat
Yin Collapse
Yang Collapse
Yang Collapse
Diagnosis2
Headache on Forehead
Tai Yang headache
Yang Ming headache
Shao Yang headache
Jue Yin headache
Yang Ming headache
Diagnosis2
Pale rimmed ulcers on the gums
Stomach Excess Heat
Stomach Deficiency Heat
Heart Fire
Disharmony of ZEE channel
Stomach Deficiency Heat
Diagnosis2
Wandering from joint to joint
Wind Bi
Cold Bi
Damp Bi
Heat Bi
Wind Bi
Diagnosis2
Deficiency pattern
Severe pain, aggravated by eating
Dull pain, alleviated by eating
Feeling of fullness
Feeling of distention
Dull pain, alleviated by eating
Diagnosis2
High pitch tinnitus, aggravated by pressing
Kidney Yin deficiency
Kidney Yang deficiency
Kidney Qi deficiency
Liver Yang rising
Liver Yang rising
Diagnosis2
Insomnia, Bitter taste in the morning
Heart Fire
Liver Fire
Spleen Damp-Heat
Food retention
Heart Fire
Diagnosis2
Thirst but with no desire to drink
Excess Heat
Stomach Yin deficiency
Kidney Yin deficiency
Cold pattern
Damp-Heat
Damp-Heat
Diagnosis2
Waking up many times during the night
HT Blood deficiency
Food retention
HT and KD miscommunication
GB deficiency
HT and KD miscommunication
Diagnosis2
Extreme lethargy and lassitude with a feeling of Cold
Spleen Qi deficiency
Kidney Yang deficiency
Damp retention
Phlegm retention
Kidney Yang deficiency
Diagnosis2
Cocks-crow (daybreak) diarrhea
Kidney Yang deficiency
Spleen Qi deficiency
Damp-Heat in Large Intestine
Blood Heat
Kidney Yang deficiency
Diagnosis2
Pain during urination
Qi stagnation in Lower Jiao
Bladder Damp-Heat
Qi deficiency
Kidney Yang deficiency
Bladder Damp-Heat
Diagnosis2
Heavy menstrual beading with bright-red color
Blood Heat
Qi deficiency
Blood stasis
Blood deficiency
Blood Heat
Diagnosis2
Baby vomiting of milk and colic, disturbed sleep with loud crying
Cold retention
Food retention
Liver Fire
Latent Heat
Food retention
Diagnosis2
Sharp pain with fixed location
Qi stagnation
Fire rising
Blood stasis
Damp blocking Qi and Blood
Blood stasis
Diagnosis2
Pain with hollow sensation
Blood deficiency leading to emptiness of vessels
Dampness leading to emptiness of vessels
Heat leading to emptiness of vessels
Cold leading to emptiness of vessels
Blood deficiency leading to emptiness of vessels
Diagnosis2
Excessive movement of Ethereal Soul
Liver Qi stagnation
Liver Blood deficiency
Spleen and Kidney deficiency
Phlegm-Fire
Phlegm-Fire
Diagnosis2
Chronic tiredness, feeling of oppression of the chest, dizziness, muzziness
Spleen Qi deficiency
Damp retention
Phlegm retention
Shao Yang pattern
Phlegm retention
Diagnosis2
Excessive sexual desire EXCEPT
Kidney Yang deficiency with empty cold
Kidney Yin deficiency with empty heat
Liver Fire
Heart Fire
Kidney Yang deficiency with empty cold
Diagnosis2
A 40-year-old male patient suffers from fullness,
pain, and burning in the hypochondrium, bitter
taste in the mouth, nausea, vomiting, loss of
appetite, abdominal distention, and oliguria with
reddish-colored urine. His tongue is red with greasy
yellow coating. His pulse is wiry, slippery and rapid.
A. Damp-Heat in the Liver and Gallbladder
B. Damp-Heat in the Spleen
C. Liver overacting the Stomach
D. Liver overacting the Spleen
A. Damp-Heat in the Liver and Gallbladder
Diagnosis Case
A 30-year-old female patient suffers from massive
uterine bleeding, thin and light colored menstrual
blood, loss of appetite, shortness of breath, and
lack of spirit. Her complexion is pale. Her tongue is
pale with thin, white coating. Her pulse is weak.
A. Liver Qi Stagnation
B. Spleen and Kidney deficiency
C. Blood Stasis
D. Failure of the Spleen to keep Blood within the vessels
D. Failure of the Spleen to keep Blood within the vessels
Diagnosis Case
A 28-year-old female patient has had no menstrual periods
for the last 3 months. Before that, she states, her
menstruation yielded only a scanty, light-colored flow. She
has a dull and sallow complexion, pale lips and nails, and
suffers from dizziness, tinnitus, dry eyes, poor vision, numb
and trembling hands and feet, tense tendons, insomnia, and
excessive dreaming. Her tongue is pale, and her pulse is wiry
and thready.
A. Heart Blood deficiency
B. Liver Blood deficiency
C. Liver Yin deficiency
D. Stomach Yin deficiency
B. Liver Blood deficiency
Diagnosis Case
A 48-year-old female patient has been very healthy and free of disease for the past 20 years. This year, however, her menstruation has not occurred monthly, but every 2 or 3 months. In her most recent menstrual period, the menses were scanty. She was easily angered, resulting in frequent quarrels with her husband. After this, she suffered from insomnia all night. For the next 24 hours, she did not return home, instead going up onto a rooftop to sing to herself continuously. She was
hospitalized for this neurotic behavior, but received ineffective
treatment. Now, the following symptoms persist: palpitations, a poor memory, dizziness, tinnitus, lassitude of the loins and legs, a dry throat, running a fever only during the afternoon, night sweats, deep colored urine, a red and peeled tongue with a reddened tip and yellow, dry tongue coating, and a thready-rapid pulse.
A. Kidney and Heart not harmonized
B. Liver Qi Stagnation
C. Disturbance of Phlegm with Gallbladder and Stomach disharmony
D. Heart Fire
A. Kidney and Heart not harmonized
Diagnosis Case
A 40-year-old male laborer who is your patient suffered from a
pulmonary attack over one year ago. After this, the medicine he was taking proved ineffective, and he became emaciated and suffered from bouts of coughing that produced blood-stained sputum. Three months ago in autumn, he began to suffer from the following clinical manifestations, which have continued up to the present: frequent coughing with a small amount of glutinous sputum that is very difficult to expectorate, a dull pain in the right side of the chest, a dry and painful throat, dry lips and mouth, a feverish feeling every day at about 1:00 p.m. which does not involve aversion to cold, heavy night sweats, no appetite, lassitude in the loins and knees, fatigue, occasional seminal
emissions, dry stool, a red tongue with little coating, and a thready-rapid pulse where the Chi pulse location feels deep and weak.
A. Lung Yin deficiency
B. Kidney Yin deficiency
C. Interior Heat caused by Deficient Yin
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Diagnosis case
Which of the following is the best prescription for
treating a patient who complains of chills, fever,
headache, soreness and pain in the limbs, nasal
obstruction, running nose, cough, no sweating,
profuse thin sputum, a thin, white tongue coating,
and a superficial and tense pulse?
A. DU14(Dazhui), LI11(Quchi), LI4(Hegu), LU11(Shaoshang)
B. DU14(Dazhui), 11 1(Quchi), Ll4(Hegu), LU11(Shaoshang), SJ9{Waiguan)
C. LU7(Lieque), GB20(Fengchi), UB12(Fengmen), Ll4(Hegu)
D. GB20{Fengchi}, SJ5(Waiguan), ST40(Fenglong), LI2Z0(Yingxiang)
C. LU7(Lieque), GB20(Fengchi), UB12(Fengmen), Ll4(Hegu)
Diagnosis Case
Which of the following prescriptions is the best
choice to treat a patient with the following signs
and symptoms infrequent and difficult defecation
every three to five days, fullness and distending
pain in the abdomen and hypochondriac regions,
frequent belching, loss of appetite, a thin, sticky
tongue coating and a wiry pulse?
A. UB25(Dachangshu}, ST25(Tianshu), KD6{Zhaohai}, RN12{Zhongwan), ST36(Zusanli)
B. UB25[Dachangshu), ST25(Transhu), SJ6(Zhigou), RN12(Zhongwan), LV3(Taichong)
C. UB25(Dachangshu), ST25{Tianshu), LIL A(Quchi}, Li4(Hegu), ST36(Zusanli)
D. —- UB25(Dachangshu), ST25(Tianshu), UB20(Pishu), UB21(Wershuj, ST36(Zusanli)
B. UB25[Dachangshu), ST25(Transhu), SJ6(Zhigou), RN12(Zhongwan), LV3(Taichong)
Julie, 34 year old female : Her chief complain is infertility for
about eight years. Julie has been married for about twelve
years and has had three miscarriages during the last eight
years. She also reports that ever since her first miscarriage,
she has had irregular cycles and lower abdominal pain
during menstruation. The pain is worse with pressure and
improved with warmth. Her tongue is pale purple with a dry
thin coating, and her pulse is thready, deep and weak.
A. Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang (Drive out Blood stasis in the Mansion of Blood Decoction|
B. Wen Jing Tang (Warm the Menses Decoction)
C. Gu Jing Wan [Stabilize the Menses Pill)
D. Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan [Cinnamon Twig & Por Pilli
B. Wen Jing Tang (Warm the Menses Decoction)
Diagnosis Case
Susie, 44 year old female : Susie complains of
hiccup and nausea that have been going on for over
a month. Her symptoms began soon after she had a
hysterectomy six weeks ag: symptoms are
worse after eating spicy food and improve when
she drinks water. Her tangue is red|with scanty
coating, and her pulse is rapid and weak.
A. Yue Ju Wan (Escape Restraint Pill)
B. Xiao Yao San (rambling Powder)
C. Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang (Drive out Blood stasis in the Mansion of blood Decoction)
D. Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang (Tangerine Peel & Bamboo Shavings Decoction)
D. Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang (Tangerine Peel & Bamboo Shavings Decoction)
Diagnose Case
