Pharmaceutical Tables Flashcards
Technologist Role in Pharmaceutical Administration
- Assist with drawing up medication (may be delegated to inject).
- Perform venipuncture.
- Anticipate possible adverse reactions.
- Recognize and report adverse reactions.
Adrenergic Drugs
- Stimulates sympathetic nervous system (FIGHT OR FLIGHT response)
- Constricts blood vessels and stimulates the heart
- Bronchodilator
- Used in anaphylaxis, respiratory and cardiac emergencies
Adrenalin (chloride)
(Adrenergic Drugs)
Generic Name: Epinephrine
Uses: Cardiac arrest, Acute asthma, respiratory arrest
Adverse Effects: Anxiety, Insomnia, Restlessness
Intropin
(Adrenergic Drugs)
Generic Name: Dopamine
Uses: Shock due to trauma, myocardial infarction.
Adverse Effects: Hypotension, Dyspnea, Angina
Analgesics
- Drugs that relieve pain.
- Divided into non-opioids (non-narcotics) & opioids (narcotics).
- Opioids such as morphine and oxycodone are used across ER departments to treat moderate to severe pain
Narcan
Opiod anatagonist
used for opiod overdose
Motrin/Advil
Generic Name: Ibuprofen
Uses: Treat moderate pain usually related to muscle or neurologic origin
Adverse Effects: Gastric distress, renal failure, prolonged bleed time
Aspirin
Generic Name: Acetylsalicylic acid
Uses: Treat mild fever
Adverse Effects: Tinnitus, nausea, GI bleeding
Tylenol
Generic Name: Acetaminophen
Uses: Relieve moderate pain without anti-inflammatory effects.
Adverse Effects: Liver toxicity, hemolytic anemia, skin rash
Aleve
Generic Name: Naproxen
Uses: Relieve pain, menstrual cramps, fever, rheumatoid arthritis
Adverse Effects: Dizziness, headache, bruising, heartburn
Opiods
- May be used to control intense as well as less severe pain.
- Most potent analgesic.
- Works by depressing the Central Nervous System thus, reducing pain.
Can result in dependence & addiction.
Morphine
Generic Name: Morphine
Uses: Control severe pain
Adverse Effects: Respiratory depression, shock, death.
Codeine
Codeine sulfate
Uses: Control severe pain
Adverse Effects: Respiratory depression, shock, death.
Percocet
Acetaminophen + Oxycodone
Uses: Control severe pain
Adverse Effects: Respiratory depression, shock, death.
Demerol
Meperidine
Uses: Control severe pain
Adverse Effects: Respiratory depression, shock, death.
Sublimaze
Fentanyl (citrate)
Uses: Control severe pain
Adverse Effects: Respiratory depression, shock, death.
Anesthetics
Reversibly depress neuronal function, producing loss of ability to perceive pain.
Two types – General and Local.
General anesthetics can be administered through inhalation (gas) or intravenously (liquid).
General anesthetics are central nervous system depressants, resulting in muscle relaxation and loss of consciousness and therefore, used in major surgical procedures.
Local anesthetics block nerve conduction from an area of the body to the CNS.
Overuse of topical anesthetics can lead to excessive absorption of the drug, and may cause irregular heartbeat (arrythmia), seizures, breathing difficulties and death.
Xylocaine
(Anesthetic)
Generic Name: Lidocaine
Uses: Inhibits the initiation and conduction of neural impulses thereby, effecting local anesthetic action
Adverse Effects: Flushing, itching and warming at site of application/injection. Bruising, bleeding, pain, burning or swelling at the application site (less common)
Xylocaine
(Antiarrhythmic)
Generic Name:Lidocaine
Uses: Treat serious ventricular arrhythmias.
Adverse Effects:Cardiac arrest, respiratory depression, convulsions
Cordarone
(antiarryhtmatic)
Generic Name: Amiodarone hydrochloride
Uses: Treat ventricular fibrillation
Adverse Effects: Pulmonary toxicity, ataxia (lack of muscle control and coordination, hypothyroidism
Pentothal
(General Anesthetic)
Generic Name: Thiopental Sodium
Uses: Slow CNS activity
Adverse Effects: Bronchospasm, drowsiness, slow heartbeat
Diprivan
(General Anesthetic)
Generic Name: Propofol
Uses: Slows CNS causes sense of relaxation, sedation, stop seizures
Xanax, Ativan, Valium, Versed
(Tranquilizers)
Generic Name: Alprazolam, Lorazepam, Diazepam, Midazolam
Uses: Reduce anxiety, high doses can produce hypnosis
Adverse Effects: Brachycardia, drowsiness, physical dependence
Heparin
(Anticoagulant)
Generic Name: Heparin Sodium
Uses: Inhibits formation of fibrin clots
Adverse Effects: Hemmorage, Platelet deficiency
