Pharma Week 6

Question 1

3 side effects of chloramphenicol

Answer 1

1 bone marrow suppression
2 aplastic anemia
3 grey baby syndrome

Question 2

Chloramphenicol is a backup drug for infectious of what , mention 4

Answer 2

صبر مش كده
ص : salmonella typhi
ب : B fragilis
ر : Rickettsia
مش كده : meningitis

Question 3

4 specific drugs of tetracycline and the place where they being at high concentration and for treatment of any bacteria

Answer 3

Doxycycline -> high concentration in prostate so good for prostatitis

Minocycline -> high concentration in saliva and tear and used for meningococcal ( carrier state )

Tigecycline -> in complicated skin infections and used for 1- MRSA ,2- VREF , 3- anaerobes

Demeclocycline

Question 4

5 side effects of tetracycline and special drug

Answer 4

1GI distress-> candidiasis , colitis
2Phototoxicity -> ddddd ( doxycycline, demeclocylcline )
3 tooth enamel dysplasia
4 vestibular disturbances ( minocycline)
5 liver dysfunction during pregnancy

Question 5

4 Special drugs of Macrolides

Answer 5

Erythromycin
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
Telithromycin

Question 6

6 Spectrum of Macrolides

Answer 6

G (+) cocci not MRSA
H . Pylori
Campylobacter jejuni
Mycobacterium avium intracellulare (MAC)
Atypical organism ( calm my leg = chlamydia, mycoplasma, legionella pneumophila)
Ureaplasma species

Question 7

Mention 3 community acquired pneumonia and who is more common treatment

Answer 7

M pneumonia
C pneumonia
Viruses

Macrolides

Question 8

What is the function of telithromycin

Answer 8

Macrolides resistant S . Pneumonia

Question 9

3 side effects of Macrolides

Answer 9

Git motility issues ( erythromycin, azithromycin > clarithromycin . due to stimulation of motilin receptors

Increase Qt interval

Reversible deafness at high doses

Question 10

3 uses of clindamycin

Answer 10

MRSA
anaerobes including B. Flagilis
Concentration in bone have clinical value for osteomyelitis due to G+ cocci

Question 11

Side effects of clindamycin

Answer 11

Pseudomembranous colitis

Question 12

Linezolid inhibits formation of what

Answer 12

Inhibits formation of initiation complex

N formyl methionyl tRNA ribosome mRNA ternary complex

Question 13

3 uses of linezolid

Answer 13

MRSA , VRE , pneumococci

Question 14

2 side effects of linezolid

Answer 14

Bone marrow suppression
MAO -A , B inhibitors

Question 15

3 different mechanisms of action of Quinupristin and dalfopristin

Answer 15

• inhibits interaction of aminoacyl tRNA
• stimulate its dissociation from ternary complex
• decrease the release of completed polypeptide by blocking its extrusion

Question 16

Spectrum of quinupristin and dalfo..

Answer 16

VRSA

Question 17

3 side effects of quinupristin and dalfo

Answer 17

Diarrhea
Jaundice
Headache

Question 18

2 back up drugs for pneumocystis jiroveci

Answer 18

Pentamidine

Atovaquone

Question 19

3 uses of quinolones

Answer 19

UTIs

Drug resistant pneumococci ( levofloxacin )

Bacillus anthracis

Question 20

B.anthracis treated by 3 drugs

Answer 20

Quinolones

Tetracycline

Penicillin

Question 21

6 side effects of Quinolones

Answer 21

1 tendonitis , tensdon rupture, nerve damage ( peripheral neuropathy)

2 phototoxicity

3 CNS effects

4 inhibiting chondrogenesis -> contraindications in pregnancy

5 increases Qt interval -> contraindications in arrhythmias

6- GIT distress ( nausea, vomiting ) هااام

Question 22

Quinolones eleminated by ? 2

Answer 22

Glomerular filtration in kidney

Active secretions in kidney

Question 23

Metronidazole is transformed by what to what

Answer 23

Ferredoxin

Free radicals

Question 24

6 uses of metronidazole in para and bacteria

Answer 24

Giardia , trichomonas , entaomeba

G(-) anaerobes

DOC in pseudomemberanous colitis

Gardnerella , H.pylori

Question 25

4 pharmacokinetics of sulfonamide

Answer 25

• hepatically acetylated
• high protein binding
• renally excreted-> crystalluria
• kernicterus

Question 26

3 luminal amebicides

Answer 26

Diloxanide

Iodoquinol

Paromomycin

Question 27

3 tissue amebicides

Answer 27

Chloroquine

Metronidazole

Emetine

Question 28

What are pharmacokinetics of Aminoglycosides

Absorption
Distribution 3
Excretion

Answer 28

Absorption :
Not absorbed orally -> all used parenterally Except for neomycin

Distribution :
Not enter cells readily
Concentration is insufficient in CSF even of the meninges are inflamed
Cross placenta

Excretion:
90% excreted in urine unchanged

Question 29

3 side effects of Aminoglycoside and mention even reversible or No and what enhance the damage

Answer 29

Nephrotoxicity ( reversible) :
- Proteinuria
- hypokalemia
- acidosis
- actue tubular necrosis
Enhanced by
- vancomycin
- amphotericin B
- cisplatin
- cyclosporine

Ototoxicity ( irreversible)

• vestibular dysfunction ( reversible)

Enhanced by loop diuretics

Neuromuscular blockade with decrease release of Ach

Question 30

Mention 3 prodrugs

Answer 30

1 enalapril
2 sulfasalazine
3 metronidazole

Question 31

What treat mild to moderate crohn disease

Answer 31

Mesalamine ( 5-ASA )

Question 32

5 treat MRSA

Answer 32

1-Tigecycline
2-Clindamycin
3-Vancomycin
4-Fifth generation cephalosporine
5-Co- trimoxazole

Question 33

3 treatment drugs for chloroquine resistance regions

Answer 33

1- Artimisinin combination
2- Atovaquone- proguanil
3- quinine +- doxycycline or clindamycin

Question 34

2 Side effects of antimalarial drugs

Answer 34

Hemolytic anemia in G6PD deficiency( primaquine , quinine)

Cinchonism (quinine)

Question 35

3 drugs for trematodes

Answer 35

1- praziquanterl
2- mertifonate
3- bithionol

Question 36

3drugs for cestodes

Answer 36

1- praziquantel
2- albendazoles
3- nicolsamide

Question 37

3 drugs for nematodes

Answer 37

1- Benzimidazoles
2- pyrantel pamoate
3- Ivermectin

Question 38

4 side effects of antihelminthes drugs

Answer 38

1- GIt distress ( NVD)
2- CNS manifestations
3- Allergic reactions as urticaria , fever and elevated transaminase enzyme

4- contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation