Pharma Week 6 Flashcards by mohamed osama1 osama1

3 side effects of chloramphenicol

1 bone marrow suppression
2 aplastic anemia
3 grey baby syndrome

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Chloramphenicol is a backup drug for infectious of what , mention 4

صبر مش كده
ص : salmonella typhi
ب : B fragilis
ر : Rickettsia
مش كده : meningitis

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4 specific drugs of tetracycline and the place where they being at high concentration and for treatment of any bacteria

Doxycycline -> high concentration in prostate so good for prostatitis

Minocycline -> high concentration in saliva and tear and used for meningococcal ( carrier state )

Tigecycline -> in complicated skin infections and used for 1- MRSA ,2- VREF , 3- anaerobes

Demeclocycline

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5 side effects of tetracycline and special drug

1GI distress-> candidiasis , colitis
2Phototoxicity -> ddddd ( doxycycline, demeclocylcline )
3 tooth enamel dysplasia
4 vestibular disturbances ( minocycline)
5 liver dysfunction during pregnancy

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4 Special drugs of Macrolides

Erythromycin
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
Telithromycin

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6 Spectrum of Macrolides

G (+) cocci not MRSA
H . Pylori
Campylobacter jejuni
Mycobacterium avium intracellulare (MAC)
Atypical organism ( calm my leg = chlamydia, mycoplasma, legionella pneumophila)
Ureaplasma species

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Mention 3 community acquired pneumonia and who is more common treatment

M pneumonia
C pneumonia
Viruses

Macrolides

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What is the function of telithromycin

Macrolides resistant S . Pneumonia

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3 side effects of Macrolides

Git motility issues ( erythromycin, azithromycin > clarithromycin . due to stimulation of motilin receptors

Increase Qt interval

Reversible deafness at high doses

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3 uses of clindamycin

MRSA
anaerobes including B. Flagilis
Concentration in bone have clinical value for osteomyelitis due to G+ cocci

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Side effects of clindamycin

Pseudomembranous colitis

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Linezolid inhibits formation of what

Inhibits formation of initiation complex

N formyl methionyl tRNA ribosome mRNA ternary complex

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3 uses of linezolid

MRSA , VRE , pneumococci

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2 side effects of linezolid

Bone marrow suppression
MAO -A , B inhibitors

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3 different mechanisms of action of Quinupristin and dalfopristin

inhibits interaction of aminoacyl tRNA
stimulate its dissociation from ternary complex
decrease the release of completed polypeptide by blocking its extrusion

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Spectrum of quinupristin and dalfo..

VRSA

3 side effects of quinupristin and dalfo

Diarrhea
Jaundice
Headache

2 back up drugs for pneumocystis jiroveci

Pentamidine

Atovaquone

3 uses of quinolones

UTIs

Drug resistant pneumococci ( levofloxacin )

Bacillus anthracis

B.anthracis treated by 3 drugs

Quinolones

Tetracycline

Penicillin

6 side effects of Quinolones

1 tendonitis , tensdon rupture, nerve damage ( peripheral neuropathy)

2 phototoxicity

3 CNS effects

4 inhibiting chondrogenesis -> contraindications in pregnancy

5 increases Qt interval -> contraindications in arrhythmias

6- GIT distress ( nausea, vomiting ) هااام

Quinolones eleminated by ? 2

Glomerular filtration in kidney

Active secretions in kidney

Metronidazole is transformed by what to what

Ferredoxin

Free radicals

6 uses of metronidazole in para and bacteria

Giardia , trichomonas , entaomeba

G(-) anaerobes

DOC in pseudomemberanous colitis

Gardnerella , H.pylori

4 pharmacokinetics of sulfonamide

- hepatically acetylated - high protein binding - renally excreted-> crystalluria - kernicterus

3 luminal amebicides

Diloxanide Iodoquinol Paromomycin

3 tissue amebicides

Chloroquine Metronidazole Emetine

What are pharmacokinetics of Aminoglycosides Absorption Distribution 3 Excretion

Absorption : Not absorbed orally -> all used parenterally Except for neomycin Distribution : Not enter cells readily Concentration is insufficient in CSF even of the meninges are inflamed Cross placenta Excretion: 90% excreted in urine unchanged

3 side effects of Aminoglycoside and mention even reversible or No and what enhance the damage

Nephrotoxicity ( reversible) : - Proteinuria - hypokalemia - acidosis - actue tubular necrosis Enhanced by - vancomycin - amphotericin B - cisplatin - cyclosporine Ototoxicity ( irreversible) - vestibular dysfunction ( reversible) Enhanced by loop diuretics Neuromuscular blockade with decrease release of Ach

Mention 3 prodrugs

1 enalapril 2 sulfasalazine 3 metronidazole

What treat mild to moderate crohn disease

Mesalamine ( 5-ASA )

5 treat MRSA

1-Tigecycline 2-Clindamycin 3-Vancomycin 4-Fifth generation cephalosporine 5-Co- trimoxazole

3 treatment drugs for chloroquine resistance regions

1- Artimisinin combination 2- Atovaquone- proguanil 3- quinine +- doxycycline or clindamycin

2 Side effects of antimalarial drugs

Hemolytic anemia in G6PD deficiency( primaquine , quinine) Cinchonism (quinine)

3 drugs for trematodes

1- praziquanterl 2- mertifonate 3- bithionol

3drugs for cestodes

1- praziquantel 2- albendazoles 3- nicolsamide

3 drugs for nematodes

1- Benzimidazoles 2- pyrantel pamoate 3- Ivermectin

4 side effects of antihelminthes drugs

1- GIt distress ( NVD) 2- CNS manifestations 3- Allergic reactions as urticaria , fever and elevated transaminase enzyme 4- contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation