Patho Week 6

Question 1

Enumerate 8 effect of benign tumor and example for every one

Answer 1

1- cosmetic effects
2- hormone effect eg pituitary adenoma
3- obstruction in tubular organ
4- pressure effect eg intra cranial meningioma
5- benign obstruction in intestines by precipitating and intussusception
6- Rupture of cystic eg mucinous cystadenoma
7- ulceration and hemorrhage
8- malignant transformation

Question 2

4 causes for malignant transformation

Answer 2

• rapid rate of growth
• loss of differentiation
• infiltration of capsule
• inability to form intracellular ground substance

Question 3

8 effects of Malignant tumors on the host and examples for each

Answer 3

1- hormones effect e.g : islet of pancreas
2- obstruction effect in tubular organs
3- pressure effect e.g: astrocytoma in brain
4- metastasis e.g; carcinoma via lymphatic, sarcoma via blood
5- Rupture of cystic adenocarcinoma in ovaries
6- Infection eg : basal cell carcinoma
7- invasion
8- ulceration and hemorrhage

Question 4

7 causes of death in malignant tumors

Answer 4

1- anemia
2- malnutrition
3- obstructive effect lead to renal failure
4- obstructive effects lead to jaundice and hepatic failure
5- toxemia
6- increases intra cranial tension
7- Malignant cachexia

Question 5

Grading of malignant describe what

Answer 5

degree of differentiation

Question 6

Mention 5 stages of carcinoma and it describes what

Answer 6

Describe: size and spread
0 - microscopic tumor
1- tumor spread is confined to the organ of origin
2- local spread not interfering with surgical removal
3- fixation to the surrounding structures
4- distant metastasis

Question 7

Prognosis of malignant tumors (3) and what is the most important

Answer 7

1- tumor type
2- tumor sage( the most important)
3- tumor grade

Question 8

Perineural invasion is seen in what (3)

Answer 8

• prostate
• pancrease
• salivary glands ( parotid )

Question 9

Spread from one lymph nodes to another of the same group occurs by 2 ways , what

Answer 9

• direct infiltration of the capsule
• efferent lymphatics

Question 10

Lymphatic permeation occurs in (3)

Answer 10

• breast
• prostate
• bronchial carcinoma

Question 11

7 primary tumor send metastasis to liver

Answer 11

1- GIT
2- genitourinary
3- lung
4- breast
5- sarcoma
6- carcinoma
7- melanoma
علشان تحفظهم
٢ اجهزة
٢ في نفس المكان ( رئة وصدر)
٢ مع بعض دايما
Sarcoma , carcinoma
١ دي لسه قايلينها فوق
Melanoma

Question 12

5 tumour send metastasis for liver

Answer 12

Sarcoma
Carcinoma of thyroid
Breast
Testis
Kidney

Question 13

5 tumour send metastatis for bone

Answer 13

Carcinoma of thyroid
Breast
Lung
Kidney
Prostate

Question 14

6 examples of locally malignant tumours

Answer 14

1- Adamantinoma
2- basal cell carcinoma
3- desmoid
4- carcinoid
5- astrocytoma
6- bronchial adenoma

Question 15

Locally malignant( histologically malignant but locall spread) mention 2

Benign hitsologically but infiltration of the capsule and high rate of recurrence mention 2

Answer 15

1-
- osteoclastoma
- basal cell carcinoma

2-

- mixed salivary gland tumour 
- desmoid