Pharma, Ix, S/s Flashcards
adding a phosphate to a steroid makes it…
hydrophilic (doesn’t penetrate eye- sits on surface of eye)
adding what to a steroid makes it hydrophobic?
alcohol/acetate
hoe do eye steroids work and give examples
predforte, predsol (more superficial), dexa and beta
topical admin
suppresses inflammation
what are steroids used for and some side effects
post op cataracts, uveitis, endophthalmitis, temporal arteritis + CN 2 ischameia
SE: cataracts, glaucoma, exacerbation of viral infection of eye
what is the only rx modifiable risk factor for glaucoma?
raised intra-ocular pressure
what is 1st line mx for glaucoma
prostanoids (latanoprost)
beta blockers are ___ line tx for ______, how do they work?
2nd line, glaucoma
Timolol/ betaxolol block B receptors on ciliary body
how do carbonic anhydrase inhibitors work in tx of glaucoma
dorzolamide- blocks enzyme that forms aqueous
how do parasympathomimetics work
makes pupils small and open drain
what is side effect of CA inhibitors
bad taste
what are some eye drops
local anaesthetic (blocks Na so impedes nerve transduction)- used for FB removal, corneal scraping etc
Dyes (fluorescein)- used to identify dendritic ulcers, abrasion, nasolacrimal duct blockage
dilating pupils: mydriatic (tropicamine- blocks PS supply) and sympathomimetics (atropine)
visual assessment charts?
snellen chart, distance vision assessment, near vision, Ishihara plates
tonometry is used for…
pressure on cornea- helps dx glaucoma
corneal topography used for…
shows scarring of cornea
fluorescein angio shows
blood flow in eye
