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2YEAR 2 SEN > PHARMA HEPATOTOXIC > Flashcards

PHARMA HEPATOTOXIC Flashcards

1
Q

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS
WHAT IS THEIR INDICATION

Allopurinol

A

Gout prophylaxis

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2
Q

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS
WHAT IS THEIR INDICATION

Carbamazepine

A

Antiepileptic

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3
Q

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS
WHAT IS THEIR INDICATION

Chlorpromazine

A

Antipsychosis

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4
Q

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS
WHAT IS THEIR INDICATION

Diclofenac

A

NSAID

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5
Q

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS
WHAT IS THEIR INDICATION

Erythromycin

A

Antimicrobial

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6
Q

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS
WHAT IS THEIR INDICATION

Ibuprofen

A

NSAID

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7
Q

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS
WHAT IS THEIR INDICATION

Isoniazid

A

Antituberculosis

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8
Q

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS
WHAT IS THEIR INDICATION

Ketoconazole

A

Antifungal

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9
Q

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS
WHAT IS THEIR INDICATION

Rifampin

A

Antituberculosis

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10
Q

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS
WHAT IS THEIR INDICATION

Phenytoin

A

Antiepileptic

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11
Q

Renal Toxicity
Assessment:

A

URINE (color, character, amount) monitor
BUN, CREA level, edema

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12
Q

Cardiotoxicity
effects of drugs that may damage the heart muscles

A

5-fluorouracil (Adrucil)
Paclitaxel (Taxol)
Anthracyclines
Leukemia drugs
(Daunorubicin, Doxorubicin)

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13
Q
  • widely used chemotherapy drugs
    derived from certain types of Streptomyces bacteria.
A

Anthracyclines

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14
Q
  • Red Devil
A

Doxorubicin

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15
Q

Chemotherapy agents that can cause reversible
cardiotoxicity

A

trastuzumab, bevacizumab, lapatinib, and sunitinib.

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16
Q

AUDITORY TOXICITY
tiny vessels & nerves can be affected by some drug
hearing affectation/disturbance

A

furosemide
streptomycin

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17
Q

Patients who are infected with strains resistant to
isoniazid and rifampicin, called

A

multidrug-resistant MDR TB

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18
Q

AUDITORY TOXICITY

assesment

A

hearing acuity, roomberg test, rinne test

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19
Q

OTOTOXIC DRUGS:

A

aminoglycoside antibiotics, macrolide antibiotic,
salicylates
chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin
loop diuretics
antimalarials
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs),
quinine, and acetaminophen

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20
Q

OCCULAR TOXICITY

A

tiny blood vessels in the retina “END ARTERIES” are
affected, occluded by some drugs

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21
Q

OCCULAR TOXICITY

causes inflammation, retinal
damage, blindness

A

(Chloroquine) Aralen

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22
Q

OCCULAR TOXICITY

ASSESSMENT:

A

observe for visual acuity, color or
vision changes, corneal, retinal affectation

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23
Q

PHOTOSENSITIVITY REACTIONS:

A

Antihistamines
Hydroxychloroquine
Coal Tar and Derivatives
Contraceptives, Oral and Estrogens
Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Phenothiazines
Psoralens
Sulfonamides
Sulfonylureas
Thiazide Diuretics
Tetracyclines
Tricyclic Antidepressants

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24
Q

Hypoglycemia

CAUSE
INTERVENTIKN

A

OHA, Insulin
Intervention: Give hyperglycemic agents IV or Oral to
prevent injury and falls

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25
HypERglycemia CAUSE INTERVENTIKN
Ephedrine Insulin Oral Hypoglycemic Agents (OHA)
26
Hypokalemia Intervention:
K rich diet (K supplements prevent injury or falls)
27
Hyperkalemia
Monitor patient status (CV, LOC, Homeostasis) diet modification, K wasting drug regimens/protocols, monitor lab exams
28
Potassium-sparing diuretics:
Amiloride (Midamor) Eplerenone (Inspra) Spironolactone (Aldactone, Carospir)
29
K WASTING: tend to deplete potassium levels
loop diuretics - bumetanide (Bumex) & furosemide (Lasix) Thiazide diuretics - chlorothiazide (Diuril) chlorthalidone (Hygroton) hydrochlorothiazide (Esidrix, HydroDiuril, Microzide)
30
DRUG INTERACTIONS Primary
direct intended effects
31
Secondary
different effect that isnt the main job
31
Hypersensiticuty
body overreacts to a medicine, like allergy
32
drugs to cause interactions:
Anticoagulants Oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) Anti-Infectives Antiarrhythmics Cardiac glycosides Alcohol
33
Additive effect
2 drugs with similar actions are taken for a doubled effect
34
Iatrogenic Effect
Adverse drug reaction that tends to mimic a pathology
35
Synergistic Effect
occurs when drugs interact with each other and produce an effect that is greater than the sum of their separate actions
36
Potentiation
drug that has no effect enhances the effect of a 2nd drug (0 + 1= 2)
36
Carcinogenic
cancer-causing effects of drugs
36
Teratogenic
drug hurts a growing fetus
36
Mutagenic Drugs
causes changes or damages in the DNA which can lead to mutations (some antiviral and anti-tumor drugs are nucleoside analogs)
37
Mutagenic Drugs example drugs
AZT (azidothymidine) primary dugs used to treat HIV infection benzopyrene- smoke and soot aflatoxin - produced by Aspergillus flavus; frame mutagen acridine dyes - used against herpes virus infections
38
Carcinogenic Drugs
drugs taken for high blood pressure valsartan, losartan, irbesartan stomach acid blocker ranitidine smoking cessation drug varenicline diabetic drug metformin receptor blocker Angiotensin II
39
Teratogenic drugs
Antibiotics tetracycline (Achromycin) doxycycline (Vibramycin) streptomycin Anticoagulant (blood-thinner) warfarin (Coumadin) Oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs)
40
PREGNANCY CATEGORY A
no risk to the fetus; well controlled studies in pregnant women have no risk to the fetus
41
PREGNANCY CATEGORY b
no risk to in humans, animals show risk, but no findings to human; if no studies to human, animals should be negative
42
PREGNANCY CATEGORY C -
risk cannot be ruled out; lacking human studies, animal studies are either positive for fetal risk or lacking; may be used during pregnancy benefits vs possible risks
43
PREGNANCY CATEGORY D -
positive risk to human fetus; benefits vs risks for the fetus
44
PREGNANCY CATEGORY X
- contraindicated in pregnancy, have shown fetal risks that clearly outweighs any possible benefits to the patient
45
Agonist
drugs that produce a response
46
Antagonist -
drugs that block a response
46
Drug-Food interactions with empty stomach, drug is faster to be absorbed than taken with food such as ____ some are with food such as _____
captopril _salicylates and tetracycline with dairy products
47
Nonspecific -
- drugs that affect various sites (cause of side effect)
48
Nonselective
- drugs that affects various receptors
49
Prescription Drugs
"legend drugs" potentially harmful
50
prescription contains
name of the drug dosage method times of administration signature of prescribing person
51
Nonprescription Drugs
"Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs"
52
Controlled Substances
the most carefully monitored of all drugs high potential for abuse
53
BODY SYSTEM Central Nervous System (CNS)
positive or negative actions of neural pathways and centers: Phenobarbital
54
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
governs several bodily functions so that drugs that affect ANS will at the same time affect other systems functions
55
Gastrointestinal Tract
acts on muscular & glandular tissues: loperamide
56
Respiratory System
act on respiratory tract, tissues, cough center, suppress, relax, liquefy & stimulate depth and rate of respiration
57
Urinary System
act on kidney and urinary tract
58

2YEAR 2 SEN (19 decks)

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