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2YEAR 2 SEN > PHARMA HEPATOTOXIC > Flashcards

PHARMA HEPATOTOXIC Flashcards

1
Q

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS
WHAT IS THEIR INDICATION

Allopurinol

A

Gout prophylaxis

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2
Q

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS
WHAT IS THEIR INDICATION

Carbamazepine

A

Antiepileptic

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3
Q

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS
WHAT IS THEIR INDICATION

Chlorpromazine

A

Antipsychosis

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4
Q

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS
WHAT IS THEIR INDICATION

Diclofenac

A

NSAID

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5
Q

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS
WHAT IS THEIR INDICATION

Erythromycin

A

Antimicrobial

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6
Q

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS
WHAT IS THEIR INDICATION

Ibuprofen

A

NSAID

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7
Q

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS
WHAT IS THEIR INDICATION

Isoniazid

A

Antituberculosis

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8
Q

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS
WHAT IS THEIR INDICATION

Ketoconazole

A

Antifungal

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9
Q

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS
WHAT IS THEIR INDICATION

Rifampin

A

Antituberculosis

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10
Q

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS
WHAT IS THEIR INDICATION

Phenytoin

A

Antiepileptic

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11
Q

Renal Toxicity
Assessment:

A

URINE (color, character, amount) monitor
BUN, CREA level, edema

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12
Q

Cardiotoxicity
effects of drugs that may damage the heart muscles

A

5-fluorouracil (Adrucil)
Paclitaxel (Taxol)
Anthracyclines
Leukemia drugs
(Daunorubicin, Doxorubicin)

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13
Q
  • widely used chemotherapy drugs
    derived from certain types of Streptomyces bacteria.
A

Anthracyclines

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14
Q
  • Red Devil
A

Doxorubicin

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15
Q

Chemotherapy agents that can cause reversible
cardiotoxicity

A

trastuzumab, bevacizumab, lapatinib, and sunitinib.

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16
Q

AUDITORY TOXICITY
tiny vessels & nerves can be affected by some drug
hearing affectation/disturbance

A

furosemide
streptomycin

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17
Q

Patients who are infected with strains resistant to
isoniazid and rifampicin, called

A

multidrug-resistant MDR TB

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18
Q

AUDITORY TOXICITY

assesment

A

hearing acuity, roomberg test, rinne test

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19
Q

OTOTOXIC DRUGS:

A

aminoglycoside antibiotics, macrolide antibiotic,
salicylates
chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin
loop diuretics
antimalarials
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs),
quinine, and acetaminophen

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20
Q

OCCULAR TOXICITY

A

tiny blood vessels in the retina “END ARTERIES” are
affected, occluded by some drugs

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21
Q

OCCULAR TOXICITY

causes inflammation, retinal
damage, blindness

A

(Chloroquine) Aralen

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22
Q

OCCULAR TOXICITY

ASSESSMENT:

A

observe for visual acuity, color or
vision changes, corneal, retinal affectation

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23
Q

PHOTOSENSITIVITY REACTIONS:

A

Antihistamines
Hydroxychloroquine
Coal Tar and Derivatives
Contraceptives, Oral and Estrogens
Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Phenothiazines
Psoralens
Sulfonamides
Sulfonylureas
Thiazide Diuretics
Tetracyclines
Tricyclic Antidepressants

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24
Q

Hypoglycemia

CAUSE
INTERVENTIKN

A

OHA, Insulin
Intervention: Give hyperglycemic agents IV or Oral to
prevent injury and falls

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25
Q

HypERglycemia

CAUSE
INTERVENTIKN

A

Ephedrine

Insulin
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents (OHA)

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26
Q

Hypokalemia

Intervention:

A

K rich diet (K supplements prevent injury or
falls)

27
Q

Hyperkalemia

A

Monitor patient status (CV, LOC,
Homeostasis)

diet modification,

K wasting drug
regimens/protocols,

monitor lab exams

28
Q

Potassium-sparing diuretics:

A

Amiloride (Midamor)
Eplerenone (Inspra)
Spironolactone (Aldactone, Carospir)

29
Q

K WASTING:
tend to deplete potassium levels

A

loop diuretics - bumetanide (Bumex) & furosemide
(Lasix)
Thiazide diuretics - chlorothiazide (Diuril)
chlorthalidone (Hygroton)
hydrochlorothiazide (Esidrix, HydroDiuril, Microzide)

30
Q

DRUG INTERACTIONS
Primary

A

direct intended effects

31
Q

Secondary

A

different effect that isnt the main job

31
Q

Hypersensiticuty

A

body overreacts to a medicine, like allergy

32
Q

drugs to cause interactions:

A

Anticoagulants
Oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs)
Anti-Infectives
Antiarrhythmics
Cardiac glycosides
Alcohol

33
Q

Additive effect

A

2 drugs with similar actions are taken for a doubled
effect

34
Q

Iatrogenic Effect

A

Adverse drug reaction that tends to mimic a pathology

35
Q

Synergistic Effect

A

occurs when drugs interact with each other and produce
an effect that is greater than the sum of their separate
actions

36
Q

Potentiation

A

drug that has no effect enhances the effect of a 2nd
drug (0 + 1= 2)

36
Q

Carcinogenic

A

cancer-causing effects of drugs

36
Q

Teratogenic

A

drug hurts a growing fetus

36
Q

Mutagenic Drugs

A

causes changes or damages in the DNA which can lead to mutations

(some antiviral and anti-tumor drugs are nucleoside
analogs)

37
Q

Mutagenic Drugs
example drugs

A

AZT (azidothymidine)
primary dugs used to treat HIV
infection

benzopyrene- smoke and soot
aflatoxin - produced by Aspergillus flavus; frame
mutagen
acridine dyes - used against herpes virus infections

38
Q

Carcinogenic Drugs

A

drugs taken for high blood pressure
valsartan, losartan, irbesartan

stomach acid blocker
ranitidine

smoking cessation drug
varenicline

diabetic drug
metformin

receptor blocker
Angiotensin II

39
Q

Teratogenic drugs

A

Antibiotics
tetracycline (Achromycin)
doxycycline (Vibramycin)
streptomycin

Anticoagulant (blood-thinner)
warfarin (Coumadin)
Oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs)

40
Q

PREGNANCY CATEGORY
A

A

no risk to the fetus; well controlled studies in pregnant
women have no risk to the fetus

41
Q

PREGNANCY CATEGORY
b

A

no risk to in humans, animals show risk, but no findings to
human; if no studies to human, animals should be negative

42
Q

PREGNANCY CATEGORY
C -

A

risk cannot be ruled out; lacking human studies, animal
studies are either positive for fetal risk or lacking; may be
used during pregnancy benefits vs possible risks

43
Q

PREGNANCY CATEGORY
D -

A

positive risk to human fetus; benefits vs risks for the fetus

44
Q

PREGNANCY CATEGORY
X

A
  • contraindicated in pregnancy, have shown fetal risks
    that clearly outweighs any possible benefits to the patient
45
Q

Agonist

A

drugs that produce a response

46
Q

Antagonist -

A

drugs that block a response

46
Q

Drug-Food interactions
with empty stomach, drug is faster to be absorbed than
taken with food such as ____

some are with food such as _____

A

captopril

_salicylates and tetracycline
with dairy products

47
Q

Nonspecific -

A
  • drugs that affect various sites (cause of side
    effect)
48
Q

Nonselective

A
  • drugs that affects various receptors
49
Q

Prescription Drugs

A

“legend drugs”
potentially harmful

50
Q

prescription contains

A

name of the drug
dosage
method
times of administration
signature of prescribing person

51
Q

Nonprescription Drugs

A

“Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs”

52
Q

Controlled Substances

A

the most carefully monitored of all drugs

high potential for abuse

53
Q

BODY SYSTEM
Central Nervous System (CNS)

A

positive or negative actions of neural pathways and
centers:

Phenobarbital

54
Q

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

A

governs several bodily functions so that drugs that
affect ANS will at the same time affect other systems
functions

55
Q

Gastrointestinal Tract

A

acts on muscular & glandular tissues: loperamide

56
Q

Respiratory System

A

act on respiratory tract, tissues, cough center,
suppress, relax, liquefy & stimulate depth and rate of
respiration

57
Q

Urinary System

A

act on kidney and urinary tract

2YEAR 2 SEN (19 decks)

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