pharma 1st meet Flashcards
Pharmacology is
a branch of science, which deals with:
Drugs and their uses
Biological effects of chemicals
Mode of action/mechanism of action
Study of drugs and their interactions with living systems
Adverse drug reactions
Pharmacology is derived from Greek
pharmacon- drug and logos - study
-father of pharmacology
Oswald Schmiedeberg
Drugs
Chemicals that are to cause some sort of change
Any chemical that affects the physiologic processes of a living organism
Medicine
A substance or preparation that is taken into or placed on the body used in treating disease, control or cure a condition
Pharmaceutics
The study how various drugs form influence pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic activities
Pharmacotherapeutics
The use of drugs and the clinical indications for drugs to prevent and treat diseases
Pharmacotherapeutics
Empirical therapeutics –
effective, but mechanism of action is unknown
Pharmacotherapeutics
Rational therapeutics –
specific evidence has been obtained for the mechanisms of drug action
Posology
A branch of medical science which deals with dose or quantity of drugs which can be administered to a patient to get desired pharmacological actions
Pharmacogenetics
The science and study of the inheritance of characteristic patterns of interaction between chemicals (drugs) and organisms.
Chronopharmacology
The relationship between the time of drug administration and the pharmacological effects produced.
Pharmacy
The science of identification, compounding and dispensing of drugs .It also includes collection, isolation, purification , synthesis and standardization of medical substances.
Toxicology
The study of biologic toxins; study of poison, sources, tests, antidotes, and its deleterious effects of physical and chemical agents (including drugs) in human
Pharmacognosy
The study of natural (plant and animal) drug sources
NATURAL SOURCES:
1. Plants
Earliest and the most common drug source
(leaves, roots, bark, sap, seeds, bulbs, fruits, blossoms, extracts)
Alkaloids
– most active component in plants, alkaline in reaction, bitter in taste, reacts with acids to form a salt that easily dissolves in body fluids (Caffeine, Nicotine, Atropine)
Glycosides
–(lanoxin, digoxin)- digitalis from wildflower- purple foxglove, dried leaves of plant.
atropine
atropa belladonna
morphine
papavarum sommniferum
nicotine
tobbaco
reserpine
rauwolfia serpentina
of animals are also natural drug source
Body fluids, glands
Steroids
– arthritis and other diseases
