pharma final exam

Question 1

renal hypertensive drugs

Answer 1

ACEi (inhibits vasocontriction and indirectly inhibits aldosterone sodium retention)

angiotensin receptor blockers

calcium channel blockers

Question 2

what is the most common hypertension drug in cats

Answer 2

amlodipine (ca blocker)

Question 3

what are our ACEi

Answer 3

enalapril, benazapril

Question 4

what do we have to worry about when using ACEis

Answer 4

making renal issues worse. may need to adjust doses in enalapril (renal excretion)

Question 5

what is the angiotensin receptor blocker? what does it do

Answer 5

telmisartan
blocks the AT1 receptor for AngII that is responsible for vasoconstriction and hypertension

Question 6

when do we not reach for telmisartan

Answer 6

in severe hypertension. obly approved in mild/moderate cat hypertension.

Question 7

what drugs can you give with telmisartan

Answer 7

+amlodipine best combo
+enalapril still good combo

Question 8

how does our calcium channel blocker work

Answer 8

amlodipine
works on vascular smooth muscle in the periphery not the heart. causing small arterioles to dilate.

Question 9

drug of choice in hypertensive cats

Answer 9

amlodipine (ca blocker)

Question 10

which hypertensive drug has the greatest reduction in systolic blood pressure

Answer 10

amlodipine

Question 11

what are our drug classes to treat urinary incontinence

Answer 11

DES
estriol
phenylpropanolamine

Question 12

what are our three drug classes for urine retention

Answer 12

prazosin
bethanechol
benzodiazepines

Question 13

when do we reach for DES is urinary incontinent dogs

Answer 13

older females. cheap and easy

Question 14

why do we worry about DES

Answer 14

it can be absorbed thru the skin and is responsible for repro cancer in humans

Question 15

what does phenylpropanolamine do

Answer 15

acts on smooth muscle receptors to increase tone

Question 16

what does an adrenergic agonist do

Answer 16

increases muscle tone

Question 17

what does an adrenergic antagonist do

Answer 17

relax the urethral muscle. used to treat retention of urine

Question 18

what is our adrenergic antagonist drug

Answer 18

prazosin

Question 19

do we use prazosin in blocked cats

Answer 19

no. research shows it makes recurrance of blocks worse

Question 20

when do we use prazosin

Answer 20

neurogenic, muscle spasm causing urine retention

Question 21

what does bethanechol do

Answer 21

stimulates cholinergic receptors causing detrusor muscle contraction and sphincter relaxation for urine retnetion

Question 22

how is bethanechol given

Answer 22

PO SQ. not given IM or IV due to severe rxn

Question 23

when do we use our benzos

Answer 23

for muscle relaxation and sedation in animals often in removal of blocked cats.

Question 24

OTC drug that humans may try to give dogs and cats for a UTI. TOXIC

Answer 24

phenazopyridine

Question 25

what drugs reach good concentrations in the urinary tract compared to the plasma

Answer 25

B lactam

Question 26

name the big beta lactam drug

Answer 26

penicillin