hematuria, pollakiuria, stranguria

Question 1

castrated males with enlarged prostate

Answer 1

neoplasia is high on list

Question 2

most frequent prostatic neoplasia

Answer 2

adenocarcinoma

Question 3

prostatic neoplasia is/is not hormonally independent

Answer 3

is hormonally independent

Question 4

radiographic changes that support prostatic neoplasia

Answer 4

mineralization of prostate, LN enlargement, abnormal borders of prostate, irregular enlargement

Question 5

treatment of prostatic neoplasia

Answer 5

NSAIDS +- chemo
+- radiation but may not be helpful?

Question 6

most common urinary bladder tumor in dogs and cats

Answer 6

transitional cell TCC

Question 7

what is the poster child of TCC and BPH

Answer 7

scottish terriers

Question 8

clinical signs of TCC

Answer 8

recurrent UTI, LUT signs, rectal mass

Question 9

steps to diagnose TCC

Answer 9

PE, CBC, Chem, UA
ultrasound
+- rads to look for metastasis
+- cytology

Question 10

confirming diagnosis of TCC

Answer 10

traumatic cath, BRAF, or cystoscopic biopsy

Question 11

symmetrically enlarged prostate in an intact male dog. number one ddx

Answer 11

benign prostatic hyperplasia

Question 12

what breed is overly represented in BPH

Answer 12

scottish terriers

Question 13

CS of BPH

Answer 13

hematuria, nonpainful prostate enlargement in intact males, dysuria, difficulty defecating, infertility

Question 14

first treatment choice in BPH
second choice

Answer 14

castration
if owner declines: finasteride

Question 15

three major causes of lower urinary tract clinical signs

Answer 15

UTI
uroliths
neoplasia

Question 16

cat with lower urinary signs should have what at the top of their DDX

Answer 16

FIC. check sterility to help confirm. hematuria

Question 17

first line treatments for UTI

Answer 17

amoxicillin 3-5 days
TMS 3 days

Question 18

first line treatment for recurrent uti

Answer 18

cultures. longer treatment 7-14 days

Question 19

signs of UUT (pyelonephritis)

Answer 19

LUT + fever, lethargy, pu/pd, azotemia, dilation of the renal pelvis AUS

Question 20

first line treatment for pyelonephritis

Answer 20

fluoroquinolones 10=14 days

Question 21

what should you do for every intact male diagnosed with a bacterial cystitis

Answer 21

look for bacterial prostatitis through rectal palpation looking for pain

Question 22

treatment for bacterial prostatitis

Answer 22

drain abscess, fluoroquinolones, longer treatments

Question 23

what does castration prevent

Answer 23

bacterial prostatitis, and benign prostatic hyperplasia

Question 24

cat with LUT signs, blood but no bacti in UA

Answer 24

feline idiopathic cystitis until proven otherwise

Question 25

what does FIC cause? how?

Answer 25

frequent painful blood urination through activation of the central stress response system

Question 26

first step in working up a urinary incontinence patient

Answer 26

decide if the issue is a storage issue or an issue with voiding the urine

Question 27

what are your steps to diagnose cause of urinary incontinence

Answer 27

rectal exam, neuro exam, bladder palpation post voiding, urinanalysis always

Question 28

what is the most common type of urinary incontinence in spayed female large breed dogs

Answer 28

urethral sphincter mechanism incompletence

Question 29

how do you diagnose USMI

Answer 29

history, PE with small bladder, response to treatment

Question 30

treatment options for USMI

Answer 30

PPA (prion) or Estriol +- proin if it sorta worked

Question 31

when do we look to do a cystoscopy for urinary incontinent patients

Answer 31

if medical therapies arent working in male dogs to avoid testosterone supplementation

Question 32

when should the first spay or neuter occur

Answer 32

after the first estrus cycle

Question 33

most common cause of incontinence in juvenile female dogs

Answer 33

ectopic ureters

Question 34

how to diagnose EU

Answer 34

ultrasound,cystoscopy

Question 35

dog has nonvoiding urinary incontinence, what is our first step

Answer 35

survey rads to look for mass, stones

Question 36

what is the treatment for functional obstructions

Answer 36

rule out mechanical then give sphincter relaxer- tamsulosin/ prazosin +- diazepam which is external sphincter relaxer

Question 37

drug to increase bladder contractility in atony

Answer 37

bethanechol