hematuria, pollakiuria, stranguria Flashcards

1
Q

castrated males with enlarged prostate

A

neoplasia is high on list

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2
Q

most frequent prostatic neoplasia

A

adenocarcinoma

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3
Q

prostatic neoplasia is/is not hormonally independent

A

is hormonally independent

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4
Q

radiographic changes that support prostatic neoplasia

A

mineralization of prostate, LN enlargement, abnormal borders of prostate, irregular enlargement

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5
Q

treatment of prostatic neoplasia

A

NSAIDS +- chemo
+- radiation but may not be helpful?

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6
Q

most common urinary bladder tumor in dogs and cats

A

transitional cell TCC

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7
Q

what is the poster child of TCC and BPH

A

scottish terriers

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8
Q

clinical signs of TCC

A

recurrent UTI, LUT signs, rectal mass

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9
Q

steps to diagnose TCC

A

PE, CBC, Chem, UA
ultrasound
+- rads to look for metastasis
+- cytology

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10
Q

confirming diagnosis of TCC

A

traumatic cath, BRAF, or cystoscopic biopsy

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11
Q

symmetrically enlarged prostate in an intact male dog. number one ddx

A

benign prostatic hyperplasia

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12
Q

what breed is overly represented in BPH

A

scottish terriers

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13
Q

CS of BPH

A

hematuria, nonpainful prostate enlargement in intact males, dysuria, difficulty defecating, infertility

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14
Q

first treatment choice in BPH
second choice

A

castration
if owner declines: finasteride

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15
Q

three major causes of lower urinary tract clinical signs

A

UTI
uroliths
neoplasia

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16
Q

cat with lower urinary signs should have what at the top of their DDX

A

FIC. check sterility to help confirm. hematuria

17
Q

first line treatments for UTI

A

amoxicillin 3-5 days
TMS 3 days

18
Q

first line treatment for recurrent uti

A

cultures. longer treatment 7-14 days

19
Q

signs of UUT (pyelonephritis)

A

LUT + fever, lethargy, pu/pd, azotemia, dilation of the renal pelvis AUS

20
Q

first line treatment for pyelonephritis

A

fluoroquinolones 10=14 days

21
Q

what should you do for every intact male diagnosed with a bacterial cystitis

A

look for bacterial prostatitis through rectal palpation looking for pain

22
Q

treatment for bacterial prostatitis

A

drain abscess, fluoroquinolones, longer treatments

23
Q

what does castration prevent

A

bacterial prostatitis, and benign prostatic hyperplasia

24
Q

cat with LUT signs, blood but no bacti in UA

A

feline idiopathic cystitis until proven otherwise

25
Q

what does FIC cause? how?

A

frequent painful blood urination
through activation of the central stress response system

26
Q

first step in working up a urinary incontinence patient

A

decide if the issue is a storage issue or an issue with voiding the urine

27
Q

what are your steps to diagnose cause of urinary incontinence

A

rectal exam, neuro exam, bladder palpation post voiding, urinanalysis always

28
Q

what is the most common type of urinary incontinence in spayed female large breed dogs

A

urethral sphincter mechanism incompletence

29
Q

how do you diagnose USMI

A

history, PE with small bladder, response to treatment

30
Q

treatment options for USMI

A

PPA (prion)
or Estriol +- proin if it sorta worked

31
Q

when do we look to do a cystoscopy for urinary incontinent patients

A

if medical therapies arent working
in male dogs to avoid testosterone supplementation

32
Q

when should the first spay or neuter occur

A

after the first estrus cycle

33
Q

most common cause of incontinence in juvenile female dogs

A

ectopic ureters

34
Q

how to diagnose EU

A

ultrasound,cystoscopy

35
Q

dog has nonvoiding urinary incontinence, what is our first step

A

survey rads to look for mass, stones

36
Q

what is the treatment for functional obstructions

A

rule out mechanical then give sphincter relaxer- tamsulosin/ prazosin +- diazepam which is external sphincter relaxer

37
Q

drug to increase bladder contractility in atony

A

bethanechol