Pharma

Question 0

Name 2 class III anti-arrhythmics

Answer 0

Amiodarone and sotalol (K channel blockers)

Question 1

Name the three Class I anti-arrhythmics and what effect they have.

Answer 1

1a - disopyramide - decrease Vmax and prolong AP
1b - lidocaine - decrease Vmax and shorten AP
1c - flecainide - decrease Vmax and no effect on AP

Question 2

What does digoxin do?

Answer 2

Inhibits Na/K ATPase so reduces conc gradient so reduces Na/Ca exchange. This increases intracellular Ca so increases contractility.

Question 3

Name 2 non-dihydropyridine CCBs

Answer 3

Diltiazem and Verapamil

Question 4

Name 2 dihydropyridine CCBs

Answer 4

Nifedipine and Amlodipine

Question 5

Name 2 endothelin-receptor blockers. What are they used in?

Answer 5

Sitaxentan and Bosentan. Used in pulmonary HT

Question 6

What is Sidenafil?

Answer 6

Viagra - PDE inhibitor that inhibits breakdown of cGMP in vascular smooth muscle so causes vasodilation

Question 7

Name 2 taxanes used to halt G2 and M and promote polymerisation of tubulin

Answer 7

Docetaxel

Pacutaxel

Question 8

What is etopside?

Answer 8

Cytotoxic - binds to DNA and topoisomerase II - prevents replication and causes strand breaks.

Question 9

Name a cytotoxic that prevents conversion of ribo to deoxyribo nucleotides

Answer 9

Hydroxyurea

Question 10

What does cisplatin do?

Answer 10

Platinum compound that cross links DNA - Go phase.

Question 11

What additionally S/Es does cyclophosphamide have?

Answer 11

Sterility, teratogenicity, cardiac and bladder toxicity

Question 12

What 3 additional S/Es do taxanes have?

Answer 12

Hypersensitivity, motor neuropathy and leg oedema

Question 13

What additional S/Es does cisplatin have?

Answer 13

Severe kidney damage and NV

Question 14

What additional S/Es does asparaginase cause?

Answer 14

Hepatic and pancreatic dysfunction
Blocks albumin, insulin and clotting factor synthesis
Anaphylaxis and allergy

Question 15

What is the name of the brand and drug used in Progesterone-only implant?

Answer 15

Nexplanon, Etonogestrel

Question 16

Name the two progesterone hormones that can be injectable contraceptive

Answer 16

Medroxyprogesterone acetate (sayana press)
Norethisterone (noristerat)

Question 17

Name the two hormones and brands of progesterone-only pill

Answer 17

Desogestrel - Cerezette

Norethisterone - Micronor

Question 18

Which two hormones are used in Zoely?

Answer 18

Oestradiol and Nomegestrel

Question 19

Name two drugs used to induce abortion

Answer 19

Mifepristone - progesterone-antagonist

Gemeprost - PG1

Question 20

Name 2 synthetic PGs used to prevent post-partum haemorrhage when oxytocin is C/I

Answer 20

Carbaprost and Misoprostol

Question 21

Name 2 b2-agonists used in tocolysis

Answer 21

Ritodrine and Terbutamine

Question 22

Name an oxytocin-R antagonist used in tocolysis

Answer 22

Atosiban

Question 23

Name a local anaesthetic given in epidural/paracervical nerve block

Answer 23

Bupovacaine

+ Levobupovacaine

Question 24

Name 2 androgen-receptor blockers

Answer 24

Flutamide and Bicalutamide

Question 25

What is Finasteride?

Answer 25

A 5a-reductase blocker that reduces DHT synthesis.

Question 26

Name 2 androgenic anabolic steroids

Answer 26

Nandrolone and Stanozole

Question 27

Name a GLP1-analogue (incretin)

Answer 27

Liraglutide

Question 28

What are the 5 side effects of TZDs?

Answer 28

Weight gain, hepatotoxicity, cardiac failure, anaemia, oedema

Question 29

Name a partial nicotinic receptor antagonist used in stopping smoking

Answer 29

Varenicline

Question 30

What do you give a patient with ACS who is unresponsive to clopidogrel?

Answer 30

Prasugrel

Question 31

Name 2 drugs which inhibit thyroid hormone

Answer 31

Methimazole (pro-drug = carbimazole) and Propylthiouracil

Question 32

What is Tranexamic Acid, how does it work and when is it used?

Answer 32

Antifibrinolytic that competitively inhibits activation of plasminogen to plasmin which is responsible for degradation of fibrin in clots. Used in menorrhagia, trauma and operations.