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GENERAL SUBJECTS > Pharma (1st Aid) > Flashcards

Pharma (1st Aid) Flashcards

1
Q

Tx. hypertension, angina, & arrythmias

A

CCBs

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2
Q

responsible for heart contraction & narrowing the arteries. its inhibition results in vasodilation of coronary & peripheral blood vessels & decreased comtraction

A

Calcium

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3
Q

Side effects Gningival hyperplasia & orthostartic hypotension

A

CCB

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4
Q

Cyclosporine

A

Immunosuppressant

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5
Q

Nifedipine

A

CCB

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6
Q

Phenytoin

A

Antiseizure

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7
Q

pril

A

ACE inhibitor

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8
Q

olol

A

Beta blockers

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9
Q

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) that block the rate limiting step in cholesterol synthesis. Used to control hypercholesterolemia & coronary artery disease

A

Simvastatin

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10
Q

beta 2 adrenergic agonist. inhalatin to tx acute asthma attack

A

Albuterol, Isoproterenol

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11
Q

GERD (Heartburn), dyspepsia

A

Zollinger- Ellison Syndrome

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12
Q

tx GI upser associated with heartburn (dyspepsia) & acid indigestion

A

Antacids

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13
Q

decreased gastric secretions & decreased GI motility

A

Antimiscarinic drugs (atropine)

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14
Q

Used to tx acid- related GI conditions & work by blocking the H+/K+ AToase pumps on parietal cells that are directly responsible for secreting H+ ions into the stomach

A

Proton pump inhibitor (Omeprazole)

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15
Q

bacterium that is associated with gastritis, duodenal / stomach ulsers & stomach cancer including MALT lymphoma

A

H. Pylori

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16
Q

Is a chronic inflammatory condition that can affect the entire digestive system

A

Crohn’s Disease

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17
Q

artificial corticosteroid which would temporarily relieve symptoms of adrenal insufficiency

A

Hydrocortisone

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18
Q

mainly heart & lungs

A

Beta 1 & 2

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19
Q

beta 2 blocked

A

boronchoconstriction

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20
Q

nonselective beta blocker referred to as beta- adrenergic blocking agent, beta adrenergic antagonist or beta - antagonist. Used for hypertension, cardiac arrythmias , chest pain, migraine headaches & glaucoma

A

Propanolol

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21
Q

mixed alpa 1 & beta- blocker. Tx hypertension especially pregnancy induced hypertension

A

Labetalol

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22
Q

associated with pre- ecclampsia a condition in which there is increased protein in the urine (proteinuria)

A

Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (HTN)

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23
Q

Nonselective beta blockers

A

Nadolol & timolol

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24
Q

biphosphonate used to tx conditions of the bones such as osteoporosis, osteopenia, paget disease or hypercalcemia of malignancy

A

Zoledronic Acid

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25
Side Effects of Biphosphonates
Irritation of esophagus (perforations) , risk of osteomecrosis
26
MOA of Erythomycin
Increased Bacterial Cell Permeability
27
Allergic to Penicillin
Erythromycin
28
metabolized largely in the liver by the CYP450
Rifampin
29
mucosal lesion caused by trauma., typically cheek biting
Linea Alba
30
associated with the herpes simplex virus
Perioral Vesicles
31
associated with the EBV
Hairy Leukoplakia
32
caused by cytotoxic cell- mediares hypersensitivity & sometimes associated with Hep. C. white lacy rash (Wickham's striae)
Lichen Planus
33
Tricyclic Antidepressant
Imipramine & Amitriptyline
34
Antiplatelet. Analgesic, antipyretic to reduce fever & anti inflammatory, Reye Syndrome
Aspirin (ASA)
35
nonselective cholinergic agonist
Pilocarpine
36
NSAIDS
Nabumetone
37
Indirect acting cholinergic agonist reversal agent atropine
Physostigmine
38
Adverse Effects of Anticholinergic Physostigmine
SLUDGE 1. Salivation 2. Lacrimatipn 3. Urination 4. Diarrhea 5. GI clamping 6. Emesis
39
Used in tx of chronic alcoholism by causing an acute sensitivity to alcohol
Disulfiram
40
major causes of the symptoms of a hangover
Acetaldehyde
41
Class of macrolide antibiotic that exert their effects by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis
Clarithromycin
42
works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis
Clindamycin
43
Severe common adverse effect Clindamycin
Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea mosr frequent cause of pseudomembranous colitis
44
Used in dentistry to tx periapical bony infections
Clindamycin concentrates in bone
45
inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis
Doxycycline
46
Adverse effects of doxycycline
Photosensitivity & discolorarion of teeth
47
anti TB drug , hepatotoxicity
Rifampin
48
mainly used as a memory & concentration enhancer & to tx circulatory disordes
Gingko Balboa
49
improving recovery illneess well being tx erectile dysfunction , hepatitic C
Ginseng
50
Used to tx or prevents colds or the flu by boosting the immune system
Echinacea
51
Used to help mild to moderate depression
St. John's Wort
52
active ingrediern in chili peppers used in topical cream to relieve pain & itching
Capsaicin
53
Selective Cox 2 inhibitor
Celecoxib
54
Irreversible inhibitor of COX- 1, analgesic, antipyretic & antiinflammatory
Aspirin ( ASA)
55
narcotic used as an analgesic agent & sometimes for its anti-tussive & anti- diarrheal properties
Codeine
56
selective Cox- 2 inhibitor
Celecoxib
57
Traditionsl NSAID inbhibt COX 1 & COX 2
Ibuprofen
58
alpha- adrenergic blocker, causes vasodilation lowering the BP. aindicated for hypertension & benign prostate hyperplasia
Terazosin
59
class of sulfonylurea drugs used in px with type II diabetes
Glipizide
60
ACE
Lisinopril
61
antipsychotic commonly used by px with bipolar disorder. serious renal & CNS toxicity
Lithium
62
leukotriene receptor antagonist used for prophylactic & chrinic tx of asthma & seasonal allergies
Montelukast (singulair)
63
DOC for tx of opiod overdose
Naloxone
64
used to tx benzodiazepine overdose
Flumazenil
65
tx high BP by stimulating alpha 2 receptors in the brain which result decrease in sympathetic tone
Clonidine
66
Antifungal , IV
Amphotercin B
67
Most potent antifungal
Griseofulvin
68
Topical Antibiotics
Bacitracin Polymycin B Neomycin
69
Most likely to cause an allergic reaction
Propoxycaine
70
Lidocaine
Lignocaine, Xylocaine
71
ester
Propoxycaine
72
Prilocaine
Citanest
73
Mepivacaine
Carbocaine
74
Bupivacaine
Marcaine
75
Vit. A
Reitnol
76
Vit. B
Thiamine
77
Vit C
Ascorbic
78
Vit. D
Sunshine Vitamin | 2-5 dihydrocholecalciferol
79
Vit. K
Coagulation warfarin
80
is a bezodiazepine that does not require phase 1 metabolism by the liver
Oxazepam
81
rxn occur via oxidation, reduction , hydrolysis cyclization or decyclization reactioms
Phase I
82
Phase 1 metabolism by the liver
Alprazolam Midazolam Triazolam Diazepam
83
non selective beta blocker that is contraindicated in px with COPD or asthma
Propanolol
84
beta 1 selective blocker
Acebutolol, atenolol, esmolol, metorpolol, betaxolol
85
diuretc can increase urination
Hydrochlorothiazide
86
CCB
Diltiazem
87
Ace inhibitor
Enalapril
88
centrally acting alpha receptor agonist
Methyldopa
89
peripherally acting alpha receptor blocking agent
Terazosin
90
benzodiazepine antagonist used to td in the case of overdose
Flumazenil
91
opiod receptor antagonist
Naloxone | Naltrexone
92
antidote of heparin
Protamine
93
tx of hyprperglycemia
Insulin
94
beta lactamase resistant antibiotics
Piperacillin, carbenicillin & ticarcillin
95
Gm (-) bacilli
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
96
used for rat poison
Warfarin
97
Vit. K dependent fx
2, 7, 9, 10
98
teratogenic
Warfarin
99
warfacrin overdose
Vit+. K
100
Use of acetaminophen
Hepatotoxicity
101
used for abortion , labor induction, prevention of NSAID- induced gastric ulcers & maintenance of PDA in certain cardiac congenital defects
Misoprostol
102
Influencing Bioavailability
``` Route Degradatiom of drug prior to absorption efficient Gastrointestinal absorption Drug solubility Hepatic 1st pass effect Drug chemistry ```
103
ACE inhibitors
1. Cough 2. edema 3. Proteinuria 4. Hyperkalemia 5. Taste changes 6. Orthostatic Hypotensi 7. Fetal toxicity 8. Rash
104
Bactericidal antibiotiv that works by binding to penicillin- binding protein & blocking transpeptidase from crosslinking peptidyglycine in bacterial cell wall
Penicillin
105
Antipseudomonal penicillin
Piperacillin Carbenicillin Ticarcillim
106
Extended spectrum that is able to cover e.coli, haemophilus influenza, proteus mirabilis, listeria monocytogenes & salmonella
Amox

GENERAL SUBJECTS (9 decks)

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