Pharm - Wk 12 Flashcards
What are vasomotor symptoms (VMS)?
most commonly reported menopausal symptoms experienced by 60-80% of individuals
What are the most common vasomotor symptoms?
hot flashes and night sweats
What is genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM)?
combination of vaginal atrophy and urinary tract dysfunction
urinary tract dysfunction is characterized by…
recurrent urinary tract infections, dysuria, urinary frequency and urgency
hormone therapy refers to ?
both estrogen-progestogen therapy (EPT) for patients with an intact uterus and estrogen therapy (ET) alone for patients who have had a hysterectomy
what is the most effective treatment for VMS?
hormone therapy
what is indicated for the reduction of the frequency and severity of hot flashes
estrogen
What is indicated in patients with an intact uterus using systemic estrogen to reduce the risk of endometrial hyperplasia
progestogen
What are commonly used estrogens?
conjugated estrogens or 17-beta estradiol
What are the commonly used progestogens?
norethindrone and drospirenone
What is Bazedoxifene?
a SERM that acts as an antagonist of estrogen receptors on endometrial and breast tissue and an agonist on bone
Is bioidentical hormone therapy proven to be safer or more effective than synthetic hormone therapy?
no, evidence is insufficient to support this
What is tibolone?
tibolone is a synthetic steroid analogue of norethynodreal and is metabolized to 3 active metabolities with weak estrogenic, progestogenic, and androgenic activity
What is the main differences in BHT?
it includes estroil and progesterone, which may offset adverse effects, though not proven in trials
