Pharm Test 4 Drugs- Cholinergic Agonists Flashcards
Nicotine
(NicoDerm, Nicorette)- direct acting nicotinic agonist
-only low doses, lipophillic
Carbachol
(Miostat)- direct acting n/m agonist
- constriction during surgery, release eye pressure
- we don’t use cuz too broad of effects since nonselective to n or m
Bethanechol
(Urecholine)- direct acting m agonist
-smooth muscle of bladder and GI (makes pee- used after surgery)
Pilocarpine
(Salagen)- direct acting m agonist
-enters CNS, lowers eye pressure, stimulates sweat, tears, saliva (used for Sjorgen’s sydrome-drymouth)
Edrophonium
(Enlon)- indirect acting reversible cholinergic agonist
- for diagnosis of myasthenia gravis (ONLY)
- 5-15 minutes
Physostigmine
indirect acting reversible cholinergic agonist
- enters CNS, treats anticholinergic overdose, glaucoma
- 30min to 2 hours
Neostigmine
indirect acting reversible cholinergic agonist
- similar to physostigmine but polar, does not enter CNS, effects skeletal muscle, bladder, GI, fixes neuroblocking
- 30 min to 4 hours
Pyridostigmine
indirect acting reversible cholinergic agonist
- chronic myasthenia gravis
- 4-6 hours
Echothiopate
indirect acting irreversible cholinergic agonist
- world shortage for glaucoma
- this is an organophosphate
- 100 hours
Pralidoxime
(2-PAM)- organophosphate poison therapy
-can reactivate AChE, cannot enter CNS
Atropine
organophosphate poison therapy
-competitively binds to muscarinic receptor (antagonist)
Myasthenia Gravis
neuromusclar autoimmune
- antibodies attack nicotinic receptors of NMJ= paralysis
- if you increase ACh (by deactivating AChE), it will overcome antibodies and bind with receptors instead
Organophosphate
bind irreversible to AChE
-generalized cholinergic stimulation, paralysis, angina, convulsions
SLUDGE
organophosphate poisoning
Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Diarrhea, GI upset, Emesis (vomit)
