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Nursing > Pharm midterm > Flashcards

Pharm midterm Flashcards

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1
Q

Side effects of TB Medications

A

neurotoxicity, hepatoxicity, numbness of hands and feet, n/v/d, confusion

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2
Q

What medication turns urine orange

A

Rifampin

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3
Q

Action of Epoetin Alpha

A

Increases red blood cells

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4
Q

Primary use for Filgrastim

A

Chronic neutropenia or neutropenia secondary to chemotherapy

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5
Q

What is the only hematopoietic growth factor that enhances platelet production

A

Oprelyekin

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6
Q

Blood cell booster medications

A

Oprelyekin, Filgrastim, Epoetin Alpha

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7
Q

Signs of IV infiltration

A

Redness, swelling, puffy and hair skin, pain around the site, blanching

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8
Q

Vincristine side effects

A

Neurotoxicity, numbness and tingling of the limbs, muscle weakness, pain

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9
Q

Tamoxifen side effects

A

Initial “tumor flare”, thromboembolism, PE, DVT, edema, hot flashes, n/v

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10
Q

Action of Leucovorin

A

For severe bone marrow suppression (usually give with chemo)

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11
Q

Antidote to Methotrexate

A

Leucovorin

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12
Q

Drugs that interact poorly with grapefruit

A

lopinavir with ritonavir (Kaletra), Calcium channel blockers: nifedipine, verapamil, diltiazem, amlodipine, Antitussives nonopioid: dextromethorphan, Statins (atorvastatin), Macrolides (ERYTHOMYCIN),Immunosuppressants (CYCLOSPORINE

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13
Q

Side effects of Ferrous Sulfate

A

Common adverse effects-GI upset, nausea, constipation, dark stools, teeth staining- (liquid form), hypotension (IV route)

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14
Q

Disorder in which blood has reduced capacity to carry oxygen because of hemorrhage, excessive erythrocyte destruction, or insufficient erythrocyte synthesis.

A

Anemia

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15
Q

decrease in bone marrow activity that results in reduced production of blood cells

A

Myelosuppression

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16
Q

What can fluconazole do to blood glucose

A

raises blood sugar

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17
Q

Side effects of nitroglycerin

A

headache*, flushing, fainting, dizziness, tingling

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18
Q

What vitals should you check before giving a beta blocker

A

Heart rate and BP (hold if HR is below 60)

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19
Q

Schedule that has the highest potential for physical and psychological dependency (heroin, LSD)

A

Schedule 1

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20
Q

Schedule that has the high potential for dependency (oxy, cocaine)

A

Schedule 2

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21
Q

Schedule that has moderate potential for abuse (codeine)

A

Schedule 3

22
Q

Schedule with lower potential for abuse and dependency (clonazepam, lorazepam)

A

Schedule 4

23
Q

Schedule with lowest potential for abuse

A

Schedule 5

24
Q

Normal BP range

A

120/80

25
Q

Slightly elevated BP Range

A

120-129/80

26
Q

Stage 1 hypertension range

A

130-139/80-89

27
Q

Stage 2 hypertension range

A

140 and up/90 or higher

28
Q

Hypertensive crisis range

A

180 or higher/120 or higher

29
Q

Lifestyle Changes for hypertension

A

Eating healthy, exercise, low salt, no alcohol or smoking, stress management

30
Q

How do loop diuretics work and affect sodium levels

A

Block reabsorption of sodium

31
Q

How do potassium-sparing diuretics work and affect potassium and sodium levels

A

Block action of aldosterone causing water retention and the body retains more potassium and excretes sodium

32
Q

How do osmotic diuretics work and affect potassium and sodium levels

A

Increase osmotic pressure, the water is then reabsorbed by the kidney and excreted out of the body with sodium and potassium

33
Q

How do you address medication contradictions

A

Read them before administering, read BBW, check med history, monitor for adverse affects

34
Q

Antidote for opioids

A

Naloxone (Narcan)

35
Q

Antidote for benzos

A

Flumazenil

36
Q

Antidote for pressor extraversion

A

Phentolamine mesyltate

37
Q

General labs to monitor before medications

A

AST, ALT, BUN, CBC

38
Q

Lab values that would indicate dehydration

A

Raised serum urea,Raised creatinine, Reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), Increased urea:creatinine ratio, Hypernatraemia (loss of water greater than salt loss), Raised serum or urine osmolality, Raised urine specific gravity.

39
Q

Medications that adversely effect the liver

A

Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
Amoxicillin/clavulanate (Augmentin)
Amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone)
Allopurinol (Zyloprim)
Azathioprine (Imuran)
Methotrexate
Risperidone (Risperdal) and quetiapine (Seroquel)

40
Q

Normal sodium levels

A

136-145

41
Q

Normal potassium levels

A

3.5-5

42
Q

Normal calcium levels

A

9.0-10.5

43
Q

Normal Magnesium levels

A

1.3-2.1

44
Q

Normal chloride levels

A

98-106

45
Q

Normal phosphorus levels

A

3.0-4.5

46
Q

What patients more often receive diuretic medications

A

Pts with edema, heart failure, kidney failure, cirrhosis of the liver, high blood pressure

47
Q

What foods are rich in potassium

A

Bananas, spinach, potatoes, avocados, sweet potatoes, nuts, carrots, green leafy veggies, orange/melon

48
Q

Signs and symptoms of hypervolemia

A

edema, tachycardia, bounding pulse, hypertension, SOB, cough

49
Q

Signs and symptoms of hypovolemia

A

nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, weakness, confusion, tachycardia, decreased urine output

50
Q

Signs and symptoms of acidosis

A

Metabolic Acidosis- nausea, vomiting, fatigue, tachypnea/deep breathing
Respiratory acidosis- headache, confusion, shallow/slow breathing

51
Q

Signs and symptoms of alkalosis

A

cognitive impairment, tingling/numbness in extremities, twitching, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia

Nursing (11 decks)

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