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Pharm > pharm basics > Flashcards

pharm basics Flashcards

1
Q

volume of distribution

A

Vd = amt drug in body (IV) / plasma drug concentration

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2
Q

clearance

A

CL = 0.7 x Vd / T1/2

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3
Q

loading dose

A

LD = Css x Vd

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4
Q

maintenance dose

A

MD = Css x CL

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5
Q

zero order elimination

A

constant amt drug eliminated
concentration decreases linearly
capacity limited

phenytoin, ethanol, ASA (high doses)

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6
Q

first order elimination

A

rate directly proportional to drug concentration
constant fraction eliminated
decreases exponentially
flow dependent

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7
Q

phase 1 metabolism

A

reduction, oxidation, hydrolysis
cyt P450
–> slightly polar, water soluble, still active

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8
Q

phase 2 metabolism

A

conjugation - glucuronidation, sulfation, acetylation

–> very polar, inactive

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9
Q

therapeutic index

A

TI = TD50/ED50

higher TI = safer

wide therapeutic window = large gap btwn ED & TD :)

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10
Q

a1 Rc

A

Gq

VSM contraction
pupillary dilator m contraction (mydriasis)
intestinal & bladder sphincter m contraction

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11
Q

a2 Rc

A

Gi

dec. SNS outflow
dec. insulin release
dec. lipolysis
inc. platelet aggregation
dec. aqueous humor production

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12
Q

B1 Rc

A

Gs

HR
contractility
renin release
lipolysis

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13
Q

B2 Rc

A

Gs

vasodilation 
bronchodilation 
lipolysis 
insulin release 
dec. uterine tone (tocolysis)
ciliary m relxation 
inc. aqueous humor production
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14
Q

M1 Rc

A

Gq

CNS, enteric NS

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15
Q

M2 Rc

A

Gi

dec. HR
dec. contractility

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16
Q

M3 Rc

A

Gq

exocrine gland secretions 
gut peristalsis 
bladder contraction
bronchoconstriction 
pupillary sphincter m contraction (miosis)
ciliary m contraction (accommodation)
17
Q

D1 Rc

A

Gs

relaxes renal VSM

18
Q

D2 Rc

A

Gi

modulates transmitter release, esp in brain

19
Q

H1 Rc

A

Gq

nasal & bronchial mucus production 
vascular permeability 
contraction of bronchioles 
pruritus 
pain
20
Q

H2 Rc

A

Gs

gastric acid secretion

21
Q

V1 Rc

A

Gq

VSM contraction

22
Q

V2 Rc

A

Gs

H20 permeability & resorption in CT of kideny

Pharm (8 decks)

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