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autonomic drugs Flashcards

1
Q

hemicholinium

effect on neuron

A

(-) choline uptake in neuron

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2
Q

vesamicol

effect on neuron

A

(-) ACh packaging into vesicle

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3
Q

botulinim

effect on neuron

A

(-) ACh vesicle release

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4
Q

metyrosine

effect on neuron

A

(-) tyrosine to DOPA

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5
Q

reserpine

effect on neuron

A

(-) dopamine to NE

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6
Q

bretylium
guanethidine
(effect on neuron)

A

(-) NE release

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7
Q

amphetamine
ephedrine
(effect on neuron)

A

(+) NE release

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8
Q

cocaine
TCA
amphetamine
(effect on neuron)

A

(-) NE reuptake

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9
Q

bethanechol

A

direct cholinergic agonist

ileus, urinary retention

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10
Q

carbachol

A

direct cholinergic agonist

constrict pupil
glaucoma

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11
Q

methacholine

A

direct cholinergic agonist

challenge test for dx of asthma

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12
Q

pilocarpine

A

direct cholinergic agonist

(+) sweat, tears, saliva
glaucoma

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13
Q

donezepil
galantamine
rivastigmine

A

indirect cholinergic agonist - anticholinesterase

alzheimer’s

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14
Q

echothiophate

A

indirect cholinergic agonist - anticholinesterase

glaucoma

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15
Q

edrophonium

A

indirect cholinergic agonist - anticholinesterase

dx MG

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16
Q

neostigmine

A

indirect cholinergic agonist - anticholinesterase

ileus, urinary retention
MG
reversal of NMJ blockade

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17
Q

physostigmine

A

indirect cholinergic agonist - anticholinesterase

anticholinergic toxicity (atropine)

crosses BBB

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18
Q

pyridostigmine

A

indirect cholinergic agonist - anticholinesterase

MG

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19
Q

cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning

A

organophosphate poisoning - “drooling farmer”

diarrhea 
urination 
miosis
bronchospasm 
bradycardia
excitation of CNS & sk m
lacrimation 
sweating 
salivation

antidote: atropine + pralidoxime

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20
Q

pralidoxime

A

cholinesterase regenerator

organophosphate poisoning

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21
Q

atropine
homatropine
tropicamide

A

muscarinic antagonist

mydriasis
cycloplegia

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22
Q

benztropine

A

muscarinic antagonist

parkinson disease

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23
Q

glycopyrrolate

A

muscarinic antagonist

preop. to reduce airway secretions

24
Q

hyoscyamine

dicyclomine

A

muscarinic antagonist

antispasmotic for IBS

25
ipratropium | tiotropium
muscarinic antagonist COPD, asthma (decreases bronchoconstriction)
26
oxybutynin solifenacin tolterodine
muscarinic antagonist reduce bladder spasms & urge incontinence
27
scopolamine
muscarinic antagonist motion sickness dec. oral secretions
28
atropine
muscarinic antagonist trx bradycardia, ophthalmic applications, organophosphate poisoning AE: dryness, hyperpyrexia, flushing, cycloplegia, mydriasis, urinary retention, constipation, delirium
29
drugs w/ antimuscarinic effects
``` atropine antidepressants H1 Rc antagonists neuroleptics anti-parkinson drugs ```
30
albuterol | salmeterol
direct sympathomimetic B2 > B1 ``` acute asthma (albuterol) long term asthma & COPD control (salmeterol) ```
31
dobutamine
direct sympathomimetic B1 > B2, a HF cardiac stress testing
32
dopamine
direct sympathomimetic D1, D2 = low dose, B = med dose, a = high dose unstable bradycardia, HF shock
33
epinephrine
direct sympathomimetic B1, B2, a1, a2 anaphylaxis asthma open-angle glaucoma
34
isoproterenol
direct sympathomimetic B1, B2 evaluation of tachyarrhythmias AE: can worsen ischemia
35
norepinephrine
direct sympathomimetic a1 > a2 > B1 hypotension septic shock, cardiogenic shock AE: decreases renal perfusion
36
phenylephrine
direct sympathomimetic a1 > a2 ``` hypotension (vasoconstrictor) ocular procedures (mydriatic) rhinitis (decongestant) ```
37
amphetamine
indirect sympathomimetic general agonist - (+) NE release from presynaptic terminals narcolepsy obesity (dec. appetite) ADHD
38
cocaine
indirect sympathomimetic general agonist - (-) NE reuptake ``` vasoconstriction local anesthesia nasal congestion (decongestant) ``` *never give B-blocker if cocaine use -- unopposed a1 activation -- extreme hypotension
39
ephedrine
indirect sympathomimetic | general agonist - (+) NE release from presynaptic terminals
40
clonidine
a2 agonist hypertensive urgency (does not decrease renal blood flow) ADHD tourette syndrome AE: CNS depression, bradycardia, hypotension, respiratory depression, miosis
41
a-methydopa
a2 agonist HTN in pregnancy AE: direct coombs hemolysis, SLE-like syndrome
42
phenoxybenzamine
nonselective a blocker, irreversible pheochromocytoma - prevent catecholamine crisis during surgical removal AE: orthostatic hypotsnsion, reflex tachycardia
43
phentolamine
nonselective a blocker, reversible pts on MAOI who eat tyramine containing foods AE: orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia
44
prazosin terazosin dixazosin tamulosin
a1 blocker urinary sxs of BPH PTSD HTN (tamsulosin causes bladder sphincter relaxation but no effect on BP) AE: 1st dose orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, HA, refle tachycardia
45
mirtazapine
a2 blocker depression AE: sedation, inc cholesterol, inc appetite
46
B-blocker application
angina --> dec HR & contractility = dec O2 consumption MI --> dec mortality SVT --> dec AV conduction velocity (class II antiarrhythmic) HTN --> dec CO, dec renin chronic HF --> dec mortality glaucoma --> dec secretion aqueous humor
47
acebutolol
B1 selective blocker partial agonist
48
atenolol
B1 selective blocker
49
betaxolol
B1 selective blocker
50
esmolol
B1 selective blocker
51
metoprolol
B1 selective blocker
52
nadolol
non-selective B-blocker
53
pindolol
non-selective B-blocker partial agonist
54
propranolol
non-selective B-blocker
55
timolol
non-selective B-blocker
56
carvedilol
nonselective a- & B- blocker
57
labetalol
nonselective a- & B- blocker

Pharm (8 decks)

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