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Derm > Pharm: Antivirals > Flashcards

Pharm: Antivirals Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Drugs used for pox viruses

A

Cidofovir

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2
Q

Drugs used for HHV-6

A

Cidofovir, Foscarnet, Ganciclovir, Valganciclovir

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3
Q

Drugs used for HHV-7

A

Cidofovir

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4
Q

Drugs used for HHV8

A

Ganciclovir, Valganciclovir

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5
Q

Diseases that Acyclovir is used for

A

VZV (primary and reactivation)

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6
Q

Diseases that cidofovir is used for

A

Pox viruses, HHV-6 & 7

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7
Q

Diseases that famciclovir is used for

A

Chicken pox

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8
Q

Diseases that Foscarnet is used for

A

HHV-6

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9
Q

Diseases that ganciclovir is used for

A

HHV-6, HHV-8

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10
Q

Diseases that valacyclovir is used for

A

VZV (primary or reactivation)

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11
Q

Diseases that Valganciclovir is used for

A

HHV-6, HHV-8

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12
Q

Which drugs require phosphorylation to be active?

A

all the -cyclovirs or -ciclovirs

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13
Q

Acyclovir toxicity

A

Neurotoxic (including seizures)

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14
Q

Which drugs do not require phosphorylation to be active?

A

Foscarnet, cidofovir,

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15
Q

Which drugs have cross-reactive hypersensitivity reactions?

A

All the -cyclovirs and -ciclovirs

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16
Q

Cidofovir toxicity

A

Nephrotoxic, probenecid hypersensitivity

17
Q

Famciclovir toxicity

A

None

18
Q

Valacyclovir toxicity

A

Same as acyclovir (Neurotoxic (including seizures)

19
Q

Foscarnet toxicity

A

Electrolyte imbalance: chelates Ca2+

20
Q

Ganciclovir toxicity

A

Blood dyscrasias, teratogen

21
Q

Valganciclovir toxicity

A

Same as ganciclovir (Blood dyscrasias, teratogen)

22
Q

Metabolism/excretion of antivirals

A

Little metabolism; renal excretion

23
Q

When do you have to adjust the dose of the antivirals?

A

In patients with renal dysfunction (may cause renal failure if you don’t)

24
Q

MOA of all of the cyclovirs and ciclovirs

A

Competes with deoxyguanosine triphosphate for viral DNA polymerase

25
Q

MOA of cidofovir

A

Competes with deoxycytosine triphosphate for viral DNA polymerase

26
Q

MOA of foscarnet

A

Binds at pyrophosphate binding sites to viral DNA polymerase, preventing cleavage of pyrophosphates from nucleotides and stopping DNA chain elongation

27
Q

MOA of acyclovir

A

Immediately stops chain elongation because it lacks a 3’ OH group

28
Q

MOA of gancyclovir

A

Does have a 3’ OH group, so it allows DNA chain elongation to continue for a little bit

29
Q

Drugs for shingles

A

Acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir

30
Q

Drugs for chicken pox

A

Acyclovir, valacyclovir

Derm (9 decks)

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