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pharm (drugs) > pharm 5 test > Flashcards

pharm 5 test Flashcards

1
Q

minimum urinay output

A

30ml

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2
Q

Fluoroquinolones are not recommended for patients under the age of

A

18

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3
Q

Ciprofloxacin is used to treat what?

A

Severe infections, UTIs, Repiratory infections, GI,
bone, joint, skin, soft tissue, prevent Anthrax to those exposed.

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4
Q

Sulfonamides are used to treat what types of common infections?

A

UTIs and otitis media

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5
Q

The patient taking a sulfonamide should notify their provider if they develop _

A

a rash or
pruritus (itching)`

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6
Q

o prevent crystalline formations in the urinary tract, the patient taking a sulfonamide is
encouraged to

A

drink plenty of water (2-3 liters)

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7
Q

Which medication that treats urinary tract infections makes the patient most at risk for
superinfection

A

ciprofloxacin (Cipro

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8
Q

An adverse effect with administration of intravenous administration of medications is
what?

A

Phlebitis, thrombophlebitis

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9
Q

a patient who is in antibiotic therapy experiences severe diarrhea that is bloody or
contains mucous, what should the patient do?

A

contact provider

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10
Q

How long will a patient with active tuberculosis be treated?

A

6-24months

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11
Q

What 3 things can result from TB treatment being long-term?

A

an increased risk for toxicity
b. poor patient adherence
c. development of resistant strains

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12
Q

When the nurse is administering medications for tuberculosis, will she likely give one
medication or a combination of medications? Why?

A

always give a combination of
medications unless being given for non-active TB because it decreases the risk of drug
resistance

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13
Q

Name two common medications for the treatment of TB

A

INH, rifampin

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14
Q

Why is it important for patients with TB to adhere to their treatment?

A

so that the bacteria
do not develop resistance and so the tuberculosis will be resolved

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15
Q

Because nausea and vomiting is such a common side effect of antimicrobials, what
information would the nurse want to give the patient?

A

do not discontinue treatment; if
nausea and vomiting persist contact the doctor; take with food to decrease the GI upset

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16
Q

INH, isoniazid is the cornerstone medication for prevention and treatment of

A

tuberculois

17
Q

What are some of the serious adverse effects of INH?

A

hepatoxicty neurotoxicty

18
Q

What can be administered with INH to help prevent the adverse effects? P

A

Pyridoxine
(Vitamin B6), 25-50 mg

19
Q

What is the recommended administration instruction for INH to be most effective?

A

administer on an empty stomach with other effective antitubecular medications for the
prescribed length of time

20
Q

Because of the risk of hepatotoxicity when a patient is receiving INH, you would
encourage the patient to avoid what types of medications or other substances.

A

Alcohol,
high tyramine foods and other medications that cause hepatotoxicity

21
Q

What TB medications is used prophylactically for patient who have been exposed to
active tuberculosis? I

A

INH isoniazid

22
Q

What is an unusual side effect of rifampin that would require the nurse to educate the
patient?

A

urine, feces, saliva, sputum, and tears may be tinged reddish-orange; inform
patient that soft contact may be permanently discolored.

23
Q

When INH and rifampin are given together with other antitubercular agents, it increases
the risk of what serious adverse effect/toxicity?

A

hepatoxicity

24
Q

What would be the signs and symptoms of hepatoxicity?

A

anorexia, nausea, vomiting,
jaundice, hepatomegaly(enlarged liver), splenomegaly(enlarged spleen), abnormal liver
function tests (elevated bilirubin, AST, ALT…

25
Q

If a woman is taking oral contraceptives while being treated for tuberculosis, what would
the nurse include in the patient teaching?

A

Use alternative form of birth control during
treatment because TB medication may interfere with the activity of oral contraceptives

26
Q

When providing care to a patient diagnosed 3 months ago with tuberculosis, you suspect
nonadherence with the prescribed regimen. How would you proceed to verify this, and
what interventions are appropriate?

A

begin by asking questions regarding the medication regimen. How has the patient been
taking the medications? Is it hard to remember when to take the medications? Are there
adverse effects that are making it difficult to tolerate the medications? Are financial
difficulties making it difficult to purchase the medications? Assess the patient’s
knowledge of the importance of taking the medications on a regular basis. Make sure that
the patient understands why it is important to take antimicrobials for the entire course of
drug therapy and not to discontinue them when feeling improved. Then assess whether a
family member or a visiting nurse is needed to call on the patient on a regular basis.

27
Q

The patient being treated for active tuberculosis asks the nurse why they have to take so
many different medications and wonders if they can just take one of them instead of all
three. What would be an appropriate response by the nurse

A

The pathogen is less liking to become resistant when several antiinfective are given and
yes it is vital to take all the medications

28
Q

What would the nurse include in the patient educational instructions for a patient who is
being treated for a fungal infection of the feet?

A

Wash feet frequently, use clean white cotton socks and change often (2-3 times per day),
wash and dry before applying medication, may take 6 weeks to heal

29
Q

What types of infections does metronidazole (Flagyl) treat?

A

Anaerobic bacterial
infections, protozoan, and trichomoniasis infections; prophylactic with surgical procedures;
H pylori (peptic ulcer

30
Q

What patient teaching about alcohol would the nurse include for a patient who is
receiving metronidazole (Flagyl)?

A

Do not use alcohol or alcohol-containing products
during treatment and 48 hours after treatment has been discontinued

31
Q

serious effects of flagyl metronidazole

A

Neurotoxicity (numbness of
extremities, ataxia (lack of voluntary coordination of muscle movements), seizures

32
Q

What are some of the cutaneous (skin) fungal infections that antifungal medications treat?

A

Tinea pedis (athlete’s foot), tinea cruris (jock itch), tinea corporis (ringworm), candida
(yeast) infections

33
Q

What type of infections is treated with Amphotericin B? s

A

systemic fungal infection

34
Q

what route is amphotercin B administred?

A

IV

35
Q

what medication would be used to treat herpes simplex or varicella-zoster viral infection

A

zovirax acyclovir

36
Q

what is the serious effect of Zovirax?

A

nephrotoxicity

37
Q

a pt with yeast under the breast and abdominal skin folds would be on what medication

A

nystatin

38
Q

how would administrate nystatin for oral thrush?

A

hold the suspension in your mouth and swish for several minutes then gargle then swallow

pharm (drugs) (8 decks)

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