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Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

Side effects of hydroxychloroquine

A

Blindness/retinopathy

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2
Q

SE of Gold

A

Nephropathy

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3
Q

SE of ertanacept

A

demyelination

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4
Q

SE of methotrexate

A

Pneumonitis
Myleosupression
liver cirrhosis

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5
Q

SE of sulfasalazine

A

Rashes
Oligospermia
Heinz body anaemia
Interstitial lung disease

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6
Q

SE of Penicillanmine

A

Proteinuria
Exacerbation of myasthenia gravis

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7
Q

SE of pred

A

Cushingoid features
Osteoporosis
Impaired glucose tolerance
Hypertension
Cataracts

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8
Q

NSAID associated with CV disease

A

Diclofenac

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9
Q

Codeine in breastfeeding

A

Warning as wuick meabolisers can convert to morphine and this can be transferred to the baby

Less risk with dihydrocodeine as not a prodrug

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10
Q

Montelukast SE

A

Vivid/bad dreams
Physiatric deterioration
Diarrhoea is common
Fevers, headaches & nausea

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11
Q

SSRI with the longest half life & how long?

A

Fluoexetine
Half life of 6 weeks (most other SSRIs are 1-2 weeeks)

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12
Q

What antibiotic should not be prescribed concurrently with simvastatin/statins and why?

A

Clarythromycin

Macrolide Abx which is a CYP450 inhibitor and increases simvastatin plasma levels

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13
Q

Name two cardioselective b blockers

A

bisoprolol & carvedilol

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14
Q

What statin reacts with amiodarone

A

Simavastatin

Other statins like rosuvastatin have less interaction.
Simavastatin should not be prescribed at doses >20mg with concurrent amiodarone

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15
Q

SE of methylphenidate in children

A

Falling height centiles, tachycardia, HTN, decreased appetite and alopecia

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16
Q

SE of doxy

A

Photosenstivity
Oseophagitis

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17
Q

Antibiotic associated with increased risk of cardiac events

A

Clarithromycin

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18
Q

B blocker SEs

A

Fatigue
raynaud’s
Worsening of asthma & psorasis
Rebound mycardial ischaemia with sudden stopping (usually weaned down)

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19
Q

Sodium cromoglycate SE

A

mast cell stabiliser used in excercise induced asthma

SEs: cough, throat irritation and headahces. rarely accumulation of eosinophils and eosinophilic pneumonia

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20
Q

Treatment of what conditions can cause jarish-herxheimer reaction

A

Lyme disease
Syphilis

Treatedment with benpenicillin

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21
Q

Macrolide ABx SE

A

Sensoneurral hearing loss

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22
Q

Lithium poisioning features

A

fine tremor
HYPER natraemia

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23
Q

SEs of penicillins

A

Thrombocytopenia

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24
Q

SEs of Leflunomide

A

HTN
Diarrhoea
Hepatitis

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25
Drugs that cause drug induced lupus
Hydralazine Chlorpromazine Methyldopa isonidazid d-penicillamine Minocycline "I Hate Multiple Meds Causing Queer Problems' = Isoniazid, hydralazine, methyldopa, minocycline, chlorpromazine, quinine, procainamide
26
oxybutanin in incontienenace MOA, indication and SEs
for OVERACTIVE bladded (o) Relaxes bladder smooth muscle Antimuscarinic SEs antichoinergic SEs inc: cant see, cant pee, cant spit, cant shit
27
SEs of cipro
Tendonitis Lowers seizure threshold
28
Atypical antiphsychotics in the elderly increase the risk of what
VTE/Stroke Block D2 -> increase prolactin/weight gain and increase risk of VTE
29
Prophylaxis for contacts of meningococcal meningitis
Cipro or Rifampacin
30
What is used first line in maintaining Crohn's remission
Azathioprine (TPMT levels need to be taken prior to starting)
31
Long term use of PPIs increases risk of what
fractures
32
3 drugs in H pylori eradication
Full dose PPI Amox Clari
33
Ezetimibe MoA
inhibitor of cholesterol absorption in the small intestine (stops NPCL1)
34
PPIs moa
inhitib h/k ATPase proton pump
35
Metochlopramide MoA
Dopamine antagonist
36
Gingival hypertrophy drug that is NOT phenytoin
NIfedipine
37
Grey/blue discolouration of skin (SE)
Amiodarone
38
Doxasosin MoA
A1 adrenoceptor blocker (peripherally)
39
What might you see on an FBC with Ibuprofen use
Thrombocytopenia Immune mediated drug induced thrombocytopenia
40
Drug that causes peripheral neuropathy
Simvastatin
41
SSRI with shortest half life
Venlaflaxine (<12 hrs, therefore discontinuation Sx more common) (and paroxetine)
42
AED commonly causes agranulocytosis
Carbemazepine
43
SSRI which is most likley to increase QTc
Citalopram
44
What contraceptive is contraindicated in breastfeeding mothers <6 weeks
COCP - interferes with milk production
45
contraception associated with liver pathology inc cholestasis and HCC
COCP
46
Tetanus and polio contra indicated in what allergy?
Neomycin allergy
47
Yellow fever vaccine contraindicated in which allergy
Egg allergy
48
Finasteride MoA
5 alpha reductase inhibitor Reduces testoterone production (stops testosterone to dihydrotestosterone) SEs: infertility, sexual dysfunction & abnormal breast growth
49
Tamsulosin MoA
a receptor blocker Can alsp cause reactive hypotension
50
PD med with high risk of hallucinations
Dopamine agonists such as ropinerole
51
Pharmacological treatment option for Raynauds
Nifidipine
52
Duloxetine for stress incontinence MoA
SNRI Increases the activity of the nerve that stimulates the urethral sphincter, improving its function
53
Urge incontinence med and MoA
Oxybutanin Antimuscairinic Oxybutynin works through competitive acetylcholine antagonism at postganglionic muscarinic receptors, leading to the relaxation of the smooth muscles of the bladder.
54
Acute dystonic reaction - drug to prevent
Procyclidine it belongs to a class of medication called anticholinergics that work by blocking acetylcholine. This helps decrease muscle stiffness, sweating, and the production of saliva
55
SPider naevi associated with which dug?
COCP
56
SSRI that is used to treat depression following MI/ACS
Fluoxetine
57
Fibrotic reactions as a SE of which PD drugs
Bromocroptime/Cabergoline - i.e. dopamine agonists
57
Drug that can trigger psoariasis flare
Lithium
58
Contra indication of use of triptan in migraines
ischaemic heart disease
58
Chlorampenicol severe SE
Bone marrow suppression/aplastic anaemia
58
Treatment options for tonic-clonic seizures
males: sodium valproate females: lamotrigine or levetiracetam girls aged under 10 years and who are unlikely to need treatment when they are old enough to have children or women who are unable to have children may be offered sodium valproate first-line
58
Treatment options for focal seizures
first line: lamotrigine or levetiracetam second line: carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine or zonisamide
58
Treatment options for absence seizures
first line: ethosuximide second line: male: sodium valproate female: lamotrigine or levetiracetam carbamazepine may exacerbate absence seizures
59
Treatment options for myclonic seizures
males: sodium valproate females: levetiracetam
60
Treatment options for tonic or atonic seizures
males: sodium valproate females: lamotrigine
61
Secondary prophylaxis in ischaemic stroke
1st line: lifelong clopi 2nd line - if clopi CI: lifelong aspiring + dihydropyridamole
62
Drug associated with Dupetrens contracture
Phenytoin
63
COCP skin SE
Spider naevi (fill from centre once blanched) Related to excess oestrogen
64
Sulphonylurea SEs
Common adverse effects 1. hypoglycaemic episodes (more common with long-acting preparations such as chlorpropamide) 2. weight gain Rarer adverse effects - hyponatraemia secondary to syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion - bone marrow suppression - hepatotoxicity (typically cholestatic) - peripheral neuropathy Sulfonylureas should be avoided in breastfeeding and pregnancy.
65
Latanoprost eye drops SE
Brown pigmentation of iris
66
methanol or ethylene glycol poisoning (antifreeze) antidote
Fomepizole
67
Pyrazinamide SE
arthralgia, hyperuricaemia, rashes, hepatitis (rare)
68
Infliximab SE
Worsening of HF and associated issues To be used with caution in those with existing heart failure
69
Fluoxetine interation with which Ca treatment?
Tamoxifen fluoextine & paroextine inhibit the CPY enzyme that converts tamoxifen into its more potent/active form
70
B blocker complication in diabetics & non idabetics
hypoglycaemia
71
Benzo used when weaning off benzos
diazepam long half life, minimises sx of withdrawal
72
Meds that worsen psoriasis
bblocker lithium ACE i NSAIDS hydroxchloroquine
73
Euglycaemic DKA drug
SGLT2 inhibitors
74
Pioglitazone SEs
fluid retention & bladder CA
75
antiemetic in pregnancy associsted with heart defects and cleft palate
ondansetron SEs dont mean not to give it- to be balanced with risk
76

MSRA (16 decks)

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